1. Lesson 4
Understanding

2. 1. Which of these things help you to
understand things?
1) being relaxed and happy
2) having time to think about what you
are learning
3) being interested in the topic
4) discussing topics with friends
5) asking questions

3. Maybe asking questions is a good way to help you understand things.

4. Great philosopher Francis Bacon said: “Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much.”

5. Words Preview acquire thinking rank worthy religion defence ignore
unwilling
vt. 获得，得到
n. 思考，考虑
n. 职衔
adj. 值得的
n. 宗教
n. 保卫，保护
vt. 忽视，不顾
adj. 不情愿的

6. Words Preview assumption urge inspire shadow conventional kingdom
civilization
n. 假定，假设
vt. 力劝，强烈要求
v. 鼓舞，鼓励
n. 阴影，影子
adj. 传统的，保守的
n. 王国
n. 文明

7. Words Preview adj.极其重要的 vital adj. 有用的，有益的 beneficial n. 景象，形象 image
vt. 假定，假设
习惯于
经常做，倾向于
赞成，赞许
vital
beneficial
image
assume
be accustomed to
tend to
approve of

8. Reading

9. Skim the passage to get main ideas

10. Reading Comprehension Ⅰ
Choose the best answer.
How do we get knowledge and
understanding according to the text?
Observe; study the facts; question;
test the possible answer.
B. Question; observe; study the facts;
C. Study the facts; observe; question;
D. Question; study the facts; observe;

11. 2. If we want to discover truth, we should do the following except _______.
having the spirit of doubt
B. believing facts
C. willingness to challenge
D. believing in great men

12. Read the passage carefully to solve difficult points

13. Language points accustom vt. 使……习惯于 It took a while for me to accustom
myself to the new rules.
我花了一段时间才适应了新规定。
accustomed adj.
be accustomed to doing. 习惯于干某事
I’m not accustomed to getting up so
early.

14. 2. worthy adj.
worthy of sb/sth 适合于某人/某事
It was difficult to find words worthy of
the occasion.
很难找到适合于那种场合的言词。
worthy to be done 值得干某事
The work is worthy to be mentioned.
这工作值得一提。

15. worth prep.
be worth … 值多少钱
The picture is worth 20,000 yuan.
这幅画值两万元。
be worth doing sth. 值得做
This museum is worth visiting.

16. 3. approve of sb/sth 赞成；认可；满意
I approve of your trying to earn some
money. But please don’t neglect your
studies.
我同意你去挣一些钱，但是请不要忽视
了学习。
4. put forward 提出
The working party has put forward a
new plan.

17. 5. vital (to)
对事物的存在、成功或运作极重要的,
必不可少的
The police perform a vital role to our
society.
警察在我们的社会起着极其重要的作 用。

18. Reading Strategies
Using linking and reference words
Focus on linking words to help you understand the text.
Reference words can also help you work out meaning.

19. Which of the linking words mean the same as these?
afterwards
but
since
so he could so
to start with
when
next
after that
however
because
in order to
therefore
at first as
then

20. Scan the passage to get detailed information

21. Reading Comprehension Ⅱ
True or False?
Nowadays, traditional analysis is not
important any more because we can
turn to the Internet for help.
2. Bacon suggested a way to gain
knowledge to serve the court better.

22. 3. Great men were wrong at times like
Aristotle and Galileo.
4. The writer believes that the Baconian
Method of scientific thought is a good
way to gain knowledge.
5. The writer described the people of the
church during Galileo’s time as having
“open” minds.

23. Reading Comprehension Ⅲ
Answer these questions.
What image does the writer use to
explain how men like Bacon and Galileo
helped educate people?
2. Why did Aristotle assume that the sun
moved around the Earth?
An image of putting forward their scientific ideas.
Because it felt like the earth was standing still.

24. 3. Do you think people like Bacon and
Galileo would have thought it was a
good idea to open libraries and set up
universities? Why?
No. Because at that time people believed more in religion than in facts.

25. Quiz

26. acquire, observe, consider, test discover, inspire, solve, challenge
QuizⅠ 6
Find a proper definition for these words.
acquire, observe, consider, test discover, inspire, solve, challenge
1) to look at closely
2) to get
3) to go against popular
observe
acquire
challenge

27. 4) to encourage learning
5) to find the answer to a problem
6) to think about sometime from all sides
7) to see if an answer is right
8) to find something for the first time
inspire
solve
consider
test
discover

28. accustomed, bureaucratic, tend,7
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below.
accustomed, bureaucratic, tend,
approve, beneficial, worthy, urge, vital, unwilling, assumption, defence, BC, kingdom, rank
Ben ______to lie whenever he feels he
might get into trouble.
tends

29. 2. You might find it _____ to STUDY
before your next exam!
3. I don’t _______ of the man she is
marrying. He’s not _______ of her.
4. He _____ me to give up smoking.
He said it was _________for my health.
5. I worked for the government so I am
___________ to doing a lot of
____________ work.
vital
approve
worthy
urged
beneficial
accustomed
bureaucratic

30. 6. David ruled his _________ for 400 years,
from 1000 _____.
7. I’m ________ to make any __________
about my new job in case I’m wrong.
8. In the war, men of all different _____
helped in the ________ of the city.
kingdom BC
unwilling
assumption
ranks
defence

31. QuizⅡ
Translation.
你习惯这里的天气了吗？
2. 谁提出了这项新计划？
3. They ____________(劝他)stop stealing,
or he will be _____________(入狱) in
the end.
Are you accustomed to the weather here?
Who put forward this new plan?
urged him to
put into prison

32. 4. The delay ____________(由于) power
failure.
______________(换句话说), he didn’t want to see you.
Such measures _________ (必不可少)
national security.
was due to
In other words
are vital to

33. Homework
Summarize the text in about 120 words.