1. Department of Entomology, KASETSART University
Variations in Resting Patterns of Aedes aegypti in Response to Material Textures and Colors Using Experimental Huts
Krajana Tainchum, Suppaluck Polsomboon, Nicole L Achee, John P Grieco, Wannapa Suwonkerd, Ferdinand V. Salazar Atchariya Prabaripai, Sungsit Sungvornyothin, andTheeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
Present by
Ms. Krajana Tainchum
Department of Entomology, KASETSART University
Bangkok, THAILAND

2. INTRODUCTION
Aedes aegypti, a potential vector of dengue, prefers to feed on humans and rest indoors.
The current focus of adult Ae. aegypti control is through toxic actions of chemicals, but contact irritancy (CI) and spatial repellency (SR) can also play a role.
Maximum impact from CI depends upon exploiting preferred resting sites of Ae. aegypti females inside homes.
Only qualitative information available from field studies. I

3. OBJECTIVES
Quantify percentage of Ae. aegypti resting at particular locations inside experimental huts at various times during the day.
Characterize changes in resting patterns of Ae. aegypti females in response to:
Material texture and color
Surface area coverage of dark color on interior walls (25, 50 and 75%)
Horizontal verse vertical configuration
Use information to identify optimum placement of chemically-treated material to initiate vector escape.

4. Proof-of-Concept: Push-Pull System
Use focal coverage and minimal chemical dose to elicit chemical actions
Focal Treatment =
Contact Irritant PUSH
Trap
Trap in outdoor environment-PULL
Spatial Repellent PUSH

5. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental Huts 4m (w) x 5m (l) x 2.4m (h)
1 door and 3 windows; (can be fitted with traps for Exit/Entry movement studies)
Metal mesh panels on interior walls to prevent contamination when using treated materials
Floor covered with white plastic to facilitate observation of resting and KD
Metal mesh

6. METAL MESH PANELS INSIDE HUTS
Side wall A
Back wall
Window
Upper
Lower P1 P2 P3 P4 P6 P5
Window P7 P8 P9
P11
P10
Side wall B
Front wall
Window
Upper
Lower
P12
P13
P14
P15
P17
P16
Door
P18
P19
P20
P21

7. MATERIAL CONFIGURATION FORMATS
I. Vertical: Starting at Corners
Window
II. Horizontal
Window

8. MOSQUITO POPULATION
Aedes aegypti collected from Pu Teuy village and reared on-site.
3 – 5 day old, unfed females were used for all tests. 
Pu Teuy

9. Test cohorts were marked with powder
MOSQUITO PREPARATION
Test cohorts were marked with powder
50 released inside each hut at 0530h
25 used as a control to monitor KD from environmental conditions
Controls provided with a water pad

10. DATA COLLECTION
Two observers entered one hut at the top of each hour (0600 – 1800h)
Positioned behind a “line of observation” (~50 cm from wall)
Resting mosquito counts and panel location recorded during a 3 min. observation period
Both released and control mosquito populations observed for KD
Temperature and humidity recorded at each hour
4 replicates per trial (i.e., surface coverage; texture; configuration)

11. A B Observation Line 25% COVERAGE VERTICAL 25% COVERAGE HORIZONTAL
You should include one slide that shows the inside of a hut with material in place so the audience understands what you did. I would suggest 25% cotton in vertical and horizontal configurations.

12. I. Vertical Configuration
RESULTS
Window
COTTON VS. POLYESTER

13. Temperature/ Humidity
COTTON 1
25% Black 2
Temperature/ Humidity
50% Black
Mean % resting 3
75% Black

14. Temperature/ Humidity
POLYESTER 1 3 2
Mean % resting
Temperature/ Humidity
25% Green
50% Green
The point to this slide is that the mosquitoes rested preferentially on the green material EVEN at 25% ratio BUT that the overall percent resting was much less than what was observed with cotton material.
75% Green

15. Vertical Configuration
Table 1. Avg. % Ae. aegypti resting on dark material
Vertical Configuration
Hour
25% Dark Surface Area
50% Dark Surface Area
75% Dark Surface Area
Cotton
Polyester
0600
54.5
28.5 64 20 60
24.5
0700 26 68
27.5
59.5
20.5
0800 56
26.5
63.5 59 18
0900
55.5 21
64.5 22 62
17.5
1000 55 69
21.5
12.5
1100
19.5
13.5 61 12
1200
41.5
8.5
53.5
61.5
6.5
1300
33.5 7
49.5 4 53
1400
37.5
35.5
2.5
5.5
1500
3.5
34.5 5
1600
23.5 1 50 3
1700
30.5
1800 37
7.5
4.5 49
Studies with cotton exhibit more resting overall at all time points.
No significant differences in percent resting among coverage ratios for both material types at each hour –CHECK STATS WITH Dr. ATCHARYA. In other words, similar resting patterns between 25,50 and 75% ratios – for both material types

16. II. Horizontal Configuration
RESULTS
Window
Be sure to make the black areas above and below the “window” white if the panels had white material.
25% คลุมเท่าไหร่

17. Temperature/ Humidity
COTTON
Mean % resting
Temperature/ Humidity 1
25% Black 2
50% Black
The point to this slide is that the mosquitoes rested preferentially on the black cotton vs. other available locations EVEN AT the 25% ratio. 3
75% Black

18. Temperature/ Humidity
POLYESTER
Mean % resting
Temperature/ Humidity 1
25% Green 2
50% Green
All graphs should have same axis formatting – also, the legends are different – this needs to be changed. Remove “curtain”, “window trap” and “window louver” data from the graph then remove from legend. If someone asks you where the other mosquitoes rested then you can mention it.
The point to this slide is that the mosquitoes rested preferentially on the green material EVEN at 25% ratio BUT that the overall percent resting was much less than what was observed with cotton material. 3
75% Green

19. Horizontal Configuration
Table 2. Avg. % Ae. aegypti resting on dark material
Horizontal Configuration
Hour
25% Dark Surface Area
50% Dark Surface Area
75% Dark Surface Area
Cotton
Polyester
0600
32.5
9.5 51 5
36.5 16
0700
31.5 10
50.5
8.5 44
0800
34.5 13 53
12.5 45
0900 33
14.5
51.5 39 8
1000 38 57
44.5
1100
53.5 4
6.5
1200 54 9
4.5
42.5
2.5
1300
7.5 37
3.5 36
1400
57.5
40.5 2
43.5
1500 58 40 3
1600 48
1700
46.5 34 1
41.5
1800 7 28
Main points:
Studies with cotton exhibited more resting overall at all time points.
No significant differences in percent resting among coverage ratios for both material types at each hour –CHECK STATS WITH Dr. ATCHARYA. In other words, similar resting patterns between 25,50 and 75% ratios – for both material types.
3) Horizontal configuration resulted in overall less resting on cotton and polyester material – CHECK STATS WITH Dr. ATCHARYA.

20. Mean percent resting on dark material for all coverage types
Mean % Resting
Cotton
Polyester
Remove the Vertical middle on each graph since you won’t be showing that data (time constraints –see other comments). Also, try to add a title to this slide like you have for the others. Perhaps “Overall Results” or something similar. You also need to format the graphs so they match and look better. The axis have different decimal places and the numbers/lines may be difficult to read from a distance.

21. Exit Movement Pattern: Vertical / Polyester
Alphacypermethrin Hut
Control Hut

22. CONCLUSIONS
Aedes aegypti preferred to rest on dark material rather than white/green.
Cotton material elicited more resting compared to polyester with vertical configuration preferred.
Exit studies using reduced surface area coverage against standard irritants demonstrate how resting behavior can be exploited to maximize non-toxic CI effects.
Ongoing studies will also evaluate repellent actions using various chemical standards at minimal surface area coverage.
It is important for you to state that although the first point is commonly understood, few quantitative studies have been performed to truly identify how to exploit this behavior.
I removed the point about temp.light.hum because you didn’t show this data. I also removed the statement about the upper vs. lower data because you didn’t show this data either.

23. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Ministry of Armed Forces, THAILAND
Ministry of Public Health, THAILAND
Kasetsart University