1. Cell Dudes From Long Ago
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek lived from 1632 to 1723
He made the best single lens microscopes in the world at that time
With it he observed many kinds of cells: Algae, Bacteria, Protozoa, and other multi-celled organisms

2. Antony van Leeuwenhoek. Letter of June 12, 1716
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek wasn’t interested in fame or money. He was just very curious. This is what he said:
“ my work, which I've done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a craving after knowledge”
Antony van Leeuwenhoek.
Letter of June 12, 1716

3. This is what Antonie van Leeuwenhoek’s Microscope looked like:

4. These are some of the Cells that Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Saw:

6. Hooke’s Really Good Microscope
Robert Hooke was into all aspects of science – Astronomy, Physics and Biology
He Lived From 1635 to 1703
Made one of the best microscopes in the world for it’s time
There are no pictures of Robert Hooke. He got into a big fight with Isaac Newton, and after he died, all of his stuff disappeared
Hooke’s Really Good Microscope

7. Robert Hooke Looked at Cork
This is a Drawing that He made:
He saw little compartments, and he called them “Cells”
He Gave Cells Their Name

8. Robert Brown lived from 1773 to 1858 He was a Botanist – He studied Plants
He was a guy who looked at every thing that he could under his microscope
This is his Microscope:

9. Robert Brown was the first person to identify the Cell Nucleus
These are Orchid leaves which he observed:

10. The next important Cell Dude is Matthais Schleiden He lived from 1804 to 1881
He went to school to become a Lawyer, but changed his career to become a Professor of Botany instead
In 1838, he came up with the idea that all plants are made from cells

11. Schwann discovered that Animals are also made up from cells
Schwann lived from 1810 until 1882
He Studied Muscle Cells, Nerve Cells and Yeast Cells
Nerve Cells

12. Rudolf Virchow lived from 1821 until 1902
Rudolf Virchow lived from 1821 until He was a really good medical doctor. He concluded that all cells come from other cells
He pushed the idea that diseases usually result from problems with cells rather than from problems with other bigger parts of the body

13. Together, Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow are given most of the credit for coming up with the CELL THEORY which states: 1. All living things are made from cells 2. All Cells are produced from other cells 3. Cells are the basic unit of life

14. 1930’s- Electron Microscopes
Electron microscopes which magnify things 100’s of thousands of times bigger allows us to identify many cell parts and jobs.

15. TEM- Transmission Electron Microscopes- focus electron beams through thinly sliced objects. Electrons that pass through are recorded on the other side of the slide.
Chloroplast at 10,000x

16. SEM- Scanning Electron Microscopes- scatters electrons over the surface of an object. Electrons reflect into screen. Gives a 3-dimensional look.
Red Cell, Platelet, White Cell at 2,000x

17. SEM- Fly(100x)

18. SEM- Steel (10,000)

19. Smaller parts in the cell
TEM-10,000x

20. The two different categories of cells:
Prokaryote = no nucleus
(bacteria)
Eukaryote = with nucleus (animal & plant)

21. BUT MANY SIMPLE CELLS DON’T HAVE A NUCLEUS (Prokaryote)

22. Some Cells have a NUCLEUS (Eukaryotes)

23. What do Cells look like. Well, cells come in many shapes and sizes
What do Cells look like? Well, cells come in many shapes and sizes. The background to the slides is a false color image of bacteria cells

24. Plant Cells Have a Cell wall around the Membrane that gives them a regular shape (Like Bricks In A Wall):

25. Animal Cells Have No Cell wall around the Membrane they often have irregular shapes:
Cancer cell being attacked by the immune system
Brain Cancer Cell

26. One More Picture of Animal cells:
Muscle Cell

27. Some Single Cell Organisms have many special parts that allow them to do with just one cell the same things that most other creatures do with millions of cells:

28. One Complex Cell That does it all:

29. Some single celled plants that live in the water make really cool shells

30. This Is A White Blood Cell Reaching Out To Grab Invading Bacteria

31. Cells Are Cool! Without them Nothing would be Alive All Living things are made of Cells All Cells Come From Other Cells Cells Are the Basic Unit of Life You Are Made of Trillions of Different Kinds of Special Cells That work Together to Keep you Alive