1. ISOIMMUNISATION

3. DEFINITION
Isoimmunisation is defined as production of immune antibodies in an individual in response to an antigen derived from another individual of the same species provided,the first one lacks the antigen

4. stages
Sensitisation
Immunisation

5. types
Rh incompatibility
ABO incompatibility

7. Definition – rh incompatibility
Rh incompatibility is a condition that develops when a pregnant woman has Rh negative blood and the baby in her womb has Rh positive blood

9. incidence
Indians 1%

10. Aetiology Transfusion of Rh positive blood to an Rh negative women
Fetomaternal leak

11. Pathophysiology

13. Fetal effects Anemia Icterus gravis Erythroblastosis fetalis
Hydrops fetalis

14. Hydrops fetalis

15. Prenatal assessment and management
Blood test to determine blood type and Rh factor at initial visit
Indirect coomb’s test for Rh negative women
Negative
Rh(D)immunoglobulin at 28 weeks
Rh(D)immunoglobulin after birth

16. Contd…………. Indirect coomb’s test for Rh negative women Positive
Repeat test to see any rise in antibody titer

17. Postpartum management
Direct coomb’s test
Rh(D) immunoglobulin, IM ,72 hours after delivery

18. Abo incompatability
ABO incompatability occurs when the mothers blood type is O and the fetus blood type A,B,or AB

19. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY O blood group
Develop anti-A and anti-B antibodies in response to antigen
Antibodies may be either IgG or IgM
IgG antibodies cross the placenta barrier
Hemolysis of red blood cells