1. LEQ: What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?
Chapter 9 The Era of Thomas Jefferson Section 4: The War of 1812
LEQ:
What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?

2. What you will do
Explain why the United States declared war on Britain.
Describe what happened in the early days of war.
Identify the events leading to the end of the war of 1812.

3. What you will Know
Nationalism War Hawk Blockade Andrew Jackson Ramparts Perilous

4. Background Knowledge
In the past sections, we have learned how the 1st three U.S. Presidents worked hard to avoid war with Britain and France.
In this section, we will learn why, despite these efforts, the United States finally went to war.

5. The Move Toward War The Move Toward War
President James Madison takes office
The 4th President of the United States
Issues facing Madison
Britain
Arming the Native Americans
Native Americans in the Northeast
Impressment
Forcing American sailors to fight for Britain

6. The Move Toward War Most Americans felt… In 1810 -War Hawks emerged
Honor was at stake which formed…
American Nationalism
Pride in one’s country
In War Hawks emerged
War Hawk
Those who were eager for war against Britain
Andrew Jackson

7. The Move Toward War Those who opposed war… Doves
Mainly from New England
They feared war with Britain would harm American trade
Which would hurt…
Economy

8. Early Days of War Early Days of War
Britain was not willing to meet the demands of America
Stop…
Impressment
Arming the Native Americans
In June of Congress declares war…Against Britain
Known as the War of 1812
Second War of Independence
Under President James Madison

9. Early Days of War Problem… Due to Jefferson’s spending cuts…
Weakened American military strength
Only 16 warships
Small army- fewer than 7,000 men
Blockade on the American coast
Action of shutting a port or road to prevent people or supplies from coming into an area or leaving it

10. Early Days of War August of 1812 - A major battle By 1814
The USS Constitution defeated the British warship Guerriere
USS Constitution was nicknamed…
Old Iron Sides
By 1814
Britain’s Navy had 135 warships blockading American ports

11. What areas were affected by the British blockade?
How did the blockade affect the economy of the U.S.?

12. Final Battles The British attack Washington, D.C. in August of 1814
British forces marched into the city while…
British Navy sailed up the Potomac River
Set fire to several buildings including the…
White House
Americans were shocked that their army could not defend the Washington

13. Final Battles The British attack continued…
Baltimore in September of 1814
British fleet attack Fort McHenry
Fort McHenry defended the Baltimore’s harbor
British Warships bombarded the fort throughout the night
The next morning…
The American flag was still flying over the fort
The Americans defeated the British at Fort McHenry

14. Final Battles The Battle of Baltimore at Fort McHenry Inspired the…
The Star-Spangled Banner a poem by
Francis Scott Key
It told the story of the his night’s watch
In 1931 Congress made it the national anthem of the United States

15. Final Battles The War Ends By 1814- Britain had tired of war
Peace talks began in Ghent, Belgium
Christmas Eve 1814
Treaty is signed ending the war
Treaty of Ghent
News took several weeks to reach America
January of 1815
America fought one more battle lead by General Andrew Jackson
Battle of New Orleans
Defeating the British

16. Check on Learning Who was the president during the War of 1812?
What issues did our 4th president face when he took office?
Explain the meaning of “War Hawk”.
What problems did America face during the early days of war?
Define Blockade. Use it in a sentence.
Who is responsible for our nations National Anthem?
What is the name of the treaty ending the War of 1812?
What is the name of the last battle of the War of 1812?
What is the name of the general who lead the last battle of the War of 1812?
Summary. Use complete sentences to summarize what you learned in this section. Answer the LEQ in your summary.