1. Fashion Merchandising 4.01
Textiles
Fashion Merchandising 4.01

2. Fiber
Fiber: the smallest unit in a textile fabric.

3. Yarn
Yarn: A group of fibers twisted together to form a continuous strand.

4. Bias
Bias: The diagonal grain of a fabric. It gives (stretch).

5. Gauge
Gauge: The number of stitches, or loops, per inch in a knitted fabric.

6. Blend
Blend: the combination of two or more fibers resulting in the best of each fiber.
The picture below represents a wool, acrylic blend.

7. Denier
Denier: Thickness or diameter of a fiber.

8. Fibers from plants (cellulosic) and animals (protein).
Natural Fibers
Fibers from plants (cellulosic) and animals (protein).

9. Cotton
Cotton: soft, white, cool to wear, underwear and socks. PLANT.

10. Wool
Wool: coat of sheep, warmest clothes, coats and blankets. ANIMAL.

11. Flax
Flax: stem of a PLANT, becomes linen when woven.

12. Silk
The fine, lustrous fiber that comes from a cocoon spun by a silkworm.

13. Leather
Leather: tough, made by preserving animal hides, tanning.

14. Suede
Suede: leather with a napped surface.

15. Fur
Fur: soft, hairy coat of an animal, outerwear, trimmings, come from hides.

16. Fibers that are man-made and begin as thick liquids.
Manufactured Fibers
Fibers that are man-made and begin as thick liquids.

17. Polyester
Polyester: made from coal, often blended with other fibers, washes great.

18. Nylon
Nylon: dries quickly, resists wrinkles, clings to the wearer.

19. Acrylic
Acrylic: resembles wool, soft, warm, bulky, yet lightweight.

20. Rayon
Rayon: inexpensive, weak when wet.

21. Acetate
Acetate: silky, luxurious, wrinkles easily, neckties and lingerie.

22. Spandex
Spandex: ability to stretch, elastic feature, dance wear.

23. Interlacing one or more sets of yarns at right angles on a loom.
Weaving
Interlacing one or more sets of yarns at right angles on a loom.

24. Warp
Warp: run lengthwise.

25. Weft
Weft: run crosswise. (right-left)

26. Plain Weave
Plain weave: the simplest weave.

27. Twill Weave
Twill weave: diagonal design on the surface, denim.

28. Satin Weave
Satin weave: produces a smooth, shiny surfaced fabric.

29. Knitting
Knitting: constructing fabric by looping yarns together.

30. Non-woven
Non-woven: fibers are compacted together.

31. Quilting
Quilted fabric. A layer of padding or batting is sandwiched between two layers of fabric and held in place by stitching. Examples of use: bedspreads, placemats, and outerwear

32. Finishing
Finishing: applying colors, designs, or surface treatments to change the look, feel, performance of fabrics.
Mechanical Finishing: Affects Appearance (dying, brushing, embossing)
Chemical Finishing: Affects Performance

33. Bleaching
Bleaching: chemical process that removes color.

34. Plastic Soda Bottles
Plastic soda bottles: recycled into t-shirts.