1. Linking climate change and biological invasions: Ocean warming facilitates nonindigenous species invasions
Stachowicz et al

2. Result Summary
Non-natives had earlier introductions in warmer winters in contrast to the natives that had higher pure numbers in colder winters.
Extreme temperatures had the most effect on invasions rather than mean annual temperatures.
In moderate temperatures the growth rates for natives and non-natives were the same, but at higher temperatures the non-natives had higher growth rates.

3. Fig. 1. (a) Annual mean winter (January 1–March 31) water temperature (°C) for 1976–2001 at Millstone, CT. The dashed box indicates the time period for which recruitment data have been collected at Avery Point. Least-squares regression was used for curve fitting. Slope " 0.07, P # 0.01, R2 " (b–d) March 1 water temperature is strongly negatively correlated with the timing of the onset of recruitment for three nonnative ascidians, B. violaceous, D. listerianum, and A. aspersa. The vertical axis is the number of days since the beginning of the calendar year (i.e., day 181"July 1). For each of these nonnative species, recruitment begins earlier in years with warmer winters. Native ascidians showed no correlations between timing of onset of recruitment and interannual variation in water
temperature. For analysis, see Table 1.

6. What could be some of the factors explaining why extreme temperatures are more important in determining non-native invasions rather than the annual mean temperatures?

7. Do non-natives from extreme environments pose more of an invasion threat than non-natives from regular or more moderate climates?

8. What do you think about the researchers concentrating on one area and its annual temperature variations rather than comparing invasion rates across latitudes at the same time of year?

9. The authors suggested that there is high enough propagule pressure into extreme environments (ex: Antarctica) that rising global temperatures may be enough to allow an increase in invasions without any other changes. Do you agree?

10. Invasion, competitive dominance, and resource use by exotic and native California grassland species
Seabloom et al

11. Result Summary
Natives are not capable of overcoming the dominance of the non-natives not because of competition or superiority of exotics but because of recruitment limitations
Natives were able to take more advantage of the resources than the non-natives
Fire and gopher disturbance was an important factor in increasing the abundance of the non-natives.

16. What would explain why the different levels of water and nitrogen affected growth in the first year, but not in the subsequent years?

17. Can this experiment stand as a model for restoration efforts for other plant species or is it limited?

18. Concerning the biology of the plants, could seed dispersal advantages of exotics over natives be a factor in determining or rather predicting the introduction/invasibility of exotics?

19. Do you think that conservationists could somehow alter resources to control for the establishment of exotics?

20. Could these results open further research or incentives for using natives to overcome the establishment of exotics that successfully invaded an area?