1. B.Sc. Accountancy and Financial Management(Sp.)(USJ)
Accounting for Leases
Rangajewa Herath
B.Sc. Accountancy and Financial Management(Sp.)(USJ)
MBA-PIM(USJ)

2. Learning Outcomes At the end of this chapter, you should be able to:
Explain what a lease represents
Distinguish between an operating and a finance lease
Account leases in the books of lessor and lessee
Account sale and lease back transactions

3. Lesson Outline Accounting for Finance Leases
Lessee's Books
Accounting for Operating Leases
Accounting for Sale and Leaseback 

4. A Lease
A lease is an agreement whereby lessor conveys to the lessee in return for a payment or series of payments, right to use an asset for an agreed period of time.

5. Classification of Leases
Finance Lease
A lease that transfers substantially all risks and rewards incidental to the ownership of the asset.
Operating Lease
A lease that does not transfer substantially all risks and rewards incidental to the ownership of the asset.

6. Examples of Situations of finance leases
The lease transfers ownership to the lessee by the end of the lease term.
The lessee has the option to purchase the asset at a price that is expected to be sufficiently lower than the fair value.
The lease term is for the major part of the economic life of the asset even if title is not transferred.
At the inception of the lease PV of the MLP amounts to at least substantially all of the fair value of the asset.
The asset is of such a specialized nature that only the lessee can use it without major modification.

7. Accounting for Finance Lease
In the Books of Lessee

8. Initial Recognition of Finance Lease
Assets and liabilities in the Statement of Financial Position should be recognized lower of fair value of the leased property or PV of minimum lease payments (PV of MLP)

9. What is PV of MLP?
What is MLP? What discount rate is to be used when calculating PV of MLP?

10. Subsequent Measurement
Minimum Lease Payments: apportion between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability.
Finance Charge: allocate to the each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on remaining balance of the liability.

11.    Depreciation
Depreciation policy should be consistent with freehold assets and the depreciation recognized should be allocated in accordance with LKAS 16.
If there is a reasonable certainty that the ownership will pass to the lessee at the end of the lease term, the period of expected use is the useful life of the asset.
If not, depreciated at the shorter of the lease term and its useful life.

12. Example Date of Agreement 01.04.2015 Fair value of the plant
Rs.1,500,000
Initial deposit paid at the time of agreement
Rs.300,000
Annual lease rental paid on 31st March
Rs.357,978
Lease term and useful life
5 years
Interest rate implicit in the lease
15% per annum

13. Accounting for Operating Lease
In the Books of Lessor

14. Accounting for Sale and Leaseback
Finance Lease
Secured Loan
Profit is not immediately recognized as income in the F/S of the seller-lessee. Deferred and amortized over the lease term.
Operating Lease
Straight forward Sale
Sales Price = Fair Value
Recognise Profit/Loss immediately.
Sales Price < Fair Value
Recognise Profit/Loss immediately except the loss is compensated by future rentals at below market price.
Then profit/loss deferr and amortise in proportion to the lease payments
Sales Price > Fair Value
The excess over fair value should be deferred and amortised

15. If Fair Value < Carrying Value of the Asset, at the time of sale and leaseback transaction
Operating Lease: A loss equal to the amount of difference between the carrying value and fair value should be recognized immediately.
Finance leases : Such adjustment not necessary unless there had been an impairment in value under LKAS 36.

16. Summary Leases are twofold; Finance and Operating
Dealt with the accounting treatment for finance and operating leases in both books of the Lessee.
Also, accounting treatment for Sale and Lease back transactions were discussed.