1. 1
3 Earths
will be required by 2050

2. 2
Less than
Is enough
To meet
Energy demand
Of entire World
0.5%

3. A globe Spanning 3
SUPERGRID

4. SUPERGRID A globe Spanning 3 GOBITEC MEDGRID SOUTHEAST ASIAN SUPERGRID
NORDIC GRID
ICELINK
NORTH SEA GRID
GOBITEC
DESERTEC
ASIAN SUPERGRID
CHINA’S SUPERGRID
MEDGRID
BRAZILIAN SUPERGRID
SOUTHEAST ASIAN SUPERGRID

5. Supervisor of the project:
Abilkhaiyr Doskumbay
Sultan Yerumbayev
Zhomart Kanissov 4
S I M U L A T I O N O F
EURASIAN SUPERGRID
Supervisor of the project:
Prof. Blagojce Stojcevski

6. 6

8. 5 Capstone 1 Integration of results and Simulation Capstone 2
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Abilkhaiyr
China
Mongolia
Kyrgyzstan
Sultan
Russia
Tadjikistan
Zhomart
Capstone 1
Integration of results and Simulation
Capstone 2

9. 6

11. Methodology - Power transmission technology choice
HVDC
HVAC
 - HVDC transmission method
Overhead line
Underground cable
 - Converter choice
Line Commutated Converters LCC
Voltage Source Converters VSC
Storage systems choice
Pumped hydroelectric storage system
Sodium Sulphur (NaS) batteries
- Sample topology

12. The high voltage transmission choice
Key features
HVDC
HVAC
Power losses
Lower:
Smaller DC resistance
Switching surges 1.7 times higher than normal crest voltage
Lower corona and radio interference
Higher:
The AC resistance of a conductor is greater than DC due to skin effect.
Switching surges 2-3 times higher than normal crest voltage
Production and consumption of reactive power
Length of transmission
Best choice for long distance transmission. Does not require power compensation.
Mostly used in short, medium distances. Requires power compensation.
Controllability
Easier. Capable of adopting various voltage and frequency ratings
Harder. In case of connecting separate AC systems, they must be synchronized in terms voltage and frequency levels.
Environmental impact
Transmission line take narrower power corridor
Electric and magnetic fields are less intense
Three phase AC systems require more space
Table. Main characteristics comparison [1],[2]

13. The high voltage transmission choice
Figure. Transmission distance versus total cost dependency for AC and DC solutions [3]

14. Overhead line versus cable choice
Since Eurasian supergrid is onshore project, overhead line technology is preferable compared to cables.
Several main considerations prove the usage of HVDC overhead lines:
Overhead power lines are less exposed to transmission voltage constrictions and consequently are able to transmit sufficiently more energy per system
Considerably longer lifespan and lower installation cost make the choice of HVDC overhead lines more reasonable from economic point of view
They are easy to maintain and detect faults.

15. Converter choice Table . Congruence of LCC and VSC technologies
LCC station
VSC station
Thyristor devices allow greater overload capacity
Overload capacity highly depends on a number of IGBT devices
Expected to have strong AC systems at each end
Capable of working with weak AC systems
Provokes harmonic distortions in both AC and DC systems, thereby requiring harmonic filters to be installed
Insignificant harmonic deformation excited, thereby does not require filtering components
Has to be balanced by shunt reactive power due to constant reactive power consumption
Converters’ functionality allows to control its reactive power
Due to harmonic filters greater surface area required
Less area, usually 50-60% of LCC square
Needs separate converter transformers constructed to sustain DC stresses
Has opportunity to use ordinary grid transformers
Challenging in terms of multi terminal usage
Multi terminal stations are simpler to design
Table . Congruence of LCC and VSC technologies

16. Energy storage systems choice
Pumped hydroelectric storage system
Sodium Sulphur (NaS) batteries

17. Proposed HVDC grid topology
Figure. Basic diagram of HVDC two terminal connection system

18. Results
Minimizing generation cost

19. Conslusions Advantages of the project
Wide introduction of clean renewable energy in a region
Developing energy security in Central Asian region
Sustaining balance in energy consumption and generation
Disadvantages:
Immense multinational projects requiring complex approach
Requires overall control of the network

20. Future work and possible improvements
Detailed design of VSC and Boost DC-DC converter
Power flow simulation of a supergrid
Analysis of different topologies and improving performance of chosen topology