1. Legal professionalism in (clinical) legal education
Tuomas Tiittala, LL.M., Doctoral Candidate
University of Helsinki, Faculty of Law

2. Professions and professionalism
Premodern and modern professions
Moral and/or economic communities
5 attributes of a profession (Greenwood, 1957):
Systematic body of theory
Professional authority
Sanction of the community
Code of Ethics
Professional culture
Elements of professionalism:
Knowledge
Skills
Ethics
politics

3. Zealous advocate
”When I am at work, I will not take any kind of moral stand on my clients’ cases. As a private person in civilian life I have very strong moral views.”
Separation between common and role morality
Lawyer as an instrument for the client
Welcomes clients with different kinds of positions and interests
Rights, procedural rule of law

4. Lawyer-activist No separation between common and role morality
Lawyer and client as instruments of a cause
Clients selected carefully
Causes are often about pursuing social justice meaning equal opportunity and outcome.

5. Lawyer-statesman Common and role morality separate but overlapping
Aligning private and public interests (of client, society, lawyer)
Welcomes a variety of clients
Centrality of prudence in legal and political thought and action

6. legal education and law clinics
3–4 apprenticeships in legal education
An ”apolitical” law clinic (Babich)
Collective mobilisation (Ashar)
The ”Plus One” model (Raghunath)

7. A nascent law clinic Helsinki Law Clinic 2014–
Fall 2015: an introductory course; spring 2016: opening
A generalist approach: migration, discrimination, startups
Challenges: convincing faculty, funding, different visions

8. The takeaways
Professions may be understood as moral and/or economic communities.
Professionalism consists of 3–4 components.
Ethical and political components central in identifying conceptions of legal professionalism
Discussion on professionalism would help students and practitioners form their professional identities.

9. Questions, comments?
Later, please at