1. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

2. Political Map

3. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

5. Sam Kaner, Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making

6. Not allowing enough divergent opinion
False consensus
(dissent not heard,
decisions likely either faulty or
unsustainable)

7. Exiting groan zone too early
False polarization
(sparks misunderstanding, distrust,
unsustainable one-sided solutions,
fact wars, spirals of conflict)

8. frustrations with process,
Getting stuck
in groan zone
Paralysis by
Analysis
(no decisions,
frustrations with process,
chilling effect for
future engagement)

9. The Toolkit Tools for divergent thinking Tools for “working through”
Tools for convergent thinking

11. The Cycle of Deliberative Inquiry (Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)
Issue
Analysis
Convening
Reporting
Action
Facilitating
Interactive
Communication
(Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)

12. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

13. Handout

14. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

16. Democratic Communication
Decision-makers/
Politicians
Public/
Advocates
Experts
The deliberative practitioner
Throgmorton, “The Rhetorics of Policy Analysis,” 1991

17. Passionate Impartiality
The recognition of the tension between:
Impartiality
Honoring Equality and Inclusion
Honoring the importance of good data

18. The Cycle of Deliberative Inquiry (Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)
Issue
Analysis
Convening
Reporting
Action
Facilitating
Interactive
Communication
(Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)

19. Passionate Impartiality
Growing Resources for
Passionate Impartiality
Networks of deliberative practitioners and college and university centers and institutes (NIF, UNCG, ADP, Democracy’s Commitment)
National organizations (NCDD, DDC, Kettering, Democracy Imperative, AmericaSpeaks, Public Agenda, Everyday Democracy, etc.)
For profit and non-profit firms (Keystone, Meridian, Place Matters)
Conflict management and community mediation programs
Extension programs
Public libraries
Community organizations (United Way, community foundations, public libraries)
IAP2’s push to move from PR to P2 (Public Participation)
Governmental resources (National League of Cities Democratic Governance program, Institute for Local Government, Policy Consensus Institute)

20. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

21. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

22. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal

23. The Cycle of Deliberative Inquiry (Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)
Issue
Analysis
Convening
Reporting
Action
Facilitating
Interactive
Communication
(Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)

24. Sam Kaner, Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making

25. The Three Ds Debate Dialogue Deliberation Contest Compete Argue
Promote opinion
Seek majority
Persuade
Dig in
Tightly structured
Express
Usually fast
Clarifies
Majoritarian
Explore
Exchange
Discuss
Build relationships
Understand all
Seek understanding
Reach across
Loosely structured
Listen
Usually slow
Nondecisive / non-decisional
Choose
Weigh
Decide
Make decisions
Seek overlap
Seek wisdom/judgment
Framed to make choices
Complementary

28. The Cycle of Deliberative Inquiry (Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)
Issue
Analysis
Convening
Reporting
Action
Facilitating
Interactive
Communication
(Deliberation/Debate/Dialogue)

29. 15 Key Aspects of the Deliberative Perspective
1. Tough choices
2. Public Judgment
3. Democratic governance
4. Inclusivity and Equality
5. The role of citizens
6. The role of government
7. The role of experts
8. The role of the media
9. Faith in human nature
10. Wisdom of crowds and co-production of knowledge
11. Interactive communication
12. Passionate impartiality
13. Balancing individual interests and the public good
14. Legitimacy
15. Striving for an unreachable ideal