1. The Renaissance in
Hungary

2. The term Renaissance, literally means "rebirth" and is the period in European civilization immediately following the Middle Ages. It focused in not only wars, but knowledge: philosphy and all kind of arts. It is also called „Humanism”.

3. (Archbishop of Esztergom)
The Italian Renaissance had strong influence in Hungary. Many artists and statesmans learned in Italy:
Garázda Péter
(poet)
Vitéz János
(Archbishop of Esztergom)

4. During the reign of King Mathias ( ), this influence became stronger. He was educated in Italian, and his second wife was Beatrix of Naples.

5. Johannes Regiomontanus
Mathias was a real renaissance person, a fighting king (against the Ottomans), whose court was full of artists, and scientists:
Antonio Bonfini
historian
Johannes Regiomontanus
astronomer
Andrea Verrochio
sculptor, painter

6. but not only with Italians:
Hess András
typographer
Janus Pannonius
poet
Heltai Gáspár
writer

7. After Mathias, the fight against the Ottomans got higher priority, while in 1526 the Hungarian troops were defeated, and the country was diveded into three parts.
This diversificated state remained until the end of the XVII. century, what was late after the end of renaissance.

8. Architecture

9. Mathias built and renewed several castles in Italian style:
The castle of Buda
The Royal castle of Visegrád

10. The Italian influence was strong after Mathias too:
Fire-tower in Sopron
Mathias church in Buda
Bakócz chapel
in Esztergom (1519)
Lorántffy – loggia
Sárospatak
Thurzó-house in Lőcse

11. We have buildings from the Ottoman region either:
Mosque of Jakováli Hasszan
In Pécs
The building of the
Rudas Thermal Bath
In Budapest

12. Painting

13. or the painter known only by his initials
The Hungarian painters were educated on the the Italian renaissance too. Several Italian painters worked in Hunagry (Masolino , Verrocchio etc.) and the Hungarians went to Italy just like
Pannóniai Mihály
(Michele Pannonio)
Master M S (XVI.cent.)
or the painter known only by his initials
Ceres on thorne
( )
Maria visits Elizabeth

14. The court of Mathias was well known by his Corvinas
The court of Mathias was well known by his Corvinas. King Mathias had one of the biggest library of his age, about 2000 – 2500 highly decorated codexes.

15. Literature

16. Janus Pannonius ( ), the Humanist poet, developed the poetic genres of Renessaince in Hungary in the 15th century. The poetry of Janus Pannonius can be characterized by some of his own lines: ‘Look around and don’t forget to be a true son of the present.’ The main theme of the poetry was not God or Heaven, but
man and his natural surroundings. The life-work of Janus Pannonius is important in Hungarian literature; he explored and described the beauties of landscape and the problems of the emotional life for the first time in our literary culture.

17. Bálint Balassi ( ) by universal agreement, the first major Hungarian poet.  His poetry signals the maturity of the Hungarian language as a full-fledged medium of literary expression, on a par with the other languages of XVI. century Europe. Balassi made a unique contribution to Hungarian poetry: he invented the 'Balassi stanza.' Its basic structure, which he
occasionally varies, is syllables with an [aab/ccb/ddb/eeb] rhyming scheme.

18. Sculptures

19. or in the Báthory Madonna
The Italian influence can be seen in the most famous renaissance sculpture in Hungary: the Hercules-well from Mathias’s palace in Visegrád
or in the Báthory Madonna
(1526)
what could be above the entry of a temple or a chapel.

20. Not the Italian was the only style which was known in Hungary:
Christ’s farewell to his mother
( )
Reuber János’s grave statue
(1584)
They both shows the signs of the Northern Renaissance (Austrian – German) manner.

21. Music

22. The most famous Hungarian court musician was Bakfark Bálint ( ). He was the lutenist of the Hungarian and later the Polish King, and travelled France and Italy where he remained until his death during the plague of 1576.

23. But music was not just for the court; the best example is Tinódi Lantos Sebestyén (~1510-1556)
He served as a soldier, but after a serious wound, became an epic –poet. He put his poems to music and performed them to the accompaniment of a lute, which lead to his nickname, "Lantos" - the lute-player. His songs became important chronicles of the events of that age.