1. Global Health and Global Inequity
UNC Global Health Seminar
September 15, 2004
Nils Daulaire, MD, MPH
Global Health Council

5. Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
Top 1/5 of the 131 million born in that year.

6. Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
64 years
Middle 3/5 of all children born.

7. Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
48 years
64 years
Bottom 1/5

8. Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
(+2.7)
48 years
(-1.5)
64 years
(+3.9)
How have things changed over the past decade?

10. Global health inequities:
One of every 7 children born into poverty in a developing country will not survive to age 5 – 20 times the risk faced here.

11. Global health inequities:
One of every 7 children born into poverty in a developing country will not survive to age 5 – 20 times the risk faced here.
In many countries, one of every 12 young women will die from pregnancy or childbirth before reaching the end of her reproductive years – 250 times the risk faced here.

12. Global health inequities:
One of every 7 children born into poverty in a developing country will not survive to age 5 – 20 times the risk faced here.
In many countries, one of every 12 young women will die from pregnancy or childbirth before reaching the end of her reproductive years – 250 times the risk faced here.
In some southern African countries, the likelihood that any given adolescent will die from AIDS is greater than that she will live her life HIV-free.

13. Premature Deaths in Developing Countries
Source: WHO, 2001

14. Principal Contributors to Global Burden of Disease* * * *
These 10 conditions comprise 46% of all healthy years of life lost worldwide. * * *
Disability-Adjusted Life-Years Lost (millions)
Source: WHO, 1999

15. Children under 5 bear the greatest burden…
Proportion of global burden of selected diseases borne by children 0-4 years (estimated, year 2000)
Pneumonia
Diarrhea
Malaria
Measles
54%
85%
79%
89%
And this slide from Murray and Lopez simply makes the point that the greatest share of this burden – even from pneumonia, which affects many adults as well, and certainly from diarrhea, malaria, and measles, falls on children under age 5.
Children 0 – 4 years
Percentage of deaths occurring among:
All other age groups
Source: Adapted from Murray & Lopez, 1996

17. Laxmi’s Short Life X M Kg KEY ARI – Acute Respiratory Infection15 14 13 12 11 M 10 X D 9
ARI D D D
ARI 8 D
ARI D D
ARI D D
ARI
ARI
ARI
FEVER
ARI
ARI
ARI 7 D D D D D D D D
ARI 6 D
ARI
ARI
ARI
KEY
ARI – Acute Respiratory Infection
D – Diarrhea
M – Measles
FEVER – Fever Unknown Origin
ARI 5 D 4 3
ARI 2
AGE IN MONTHS