1. Producing detector parts & The CNC machine
Mentor: Kerekes Zoltán
Makovsky Mihály
Bíró Dániel

2. General problems of producing detector parts
The parts must be strong enough to hold heavy structures
The parts shouldn’t stop or interract with the particles
The parts must be light, otherwise the detectors would be terribly heavy
They have to be connected perfectly so that they held the vacuum
Commonly used materials which meet these requirements: carbon fiber, special plastic, silicium, special glass

3. Carbon fiber parts Why carbon fiber is used in detectors: - light
- strong
- doesn’t stop particles
Carbon fiber’s special features:
- at -18°C, it is easily bendable, so you can make any shape from carbon fiber.
- it has almost no thermal expansion

4. Carbon fiber parts
Carbon fiber is used in the structural system of the detector
Our mentor manufectures the metal pieces which are used as a kind of tempate for making carbon structures
We went to the little factory where the carbon fiber parts are produced and saw the whole method of making these parts

6. Problems of making carbon fiber parts
It looses 70% of its stability if modified after producing it (for example if you brake a part of the sample, it deforms)

7. Carbon fiber
First, the carbon fiber is put on the aluminium template. The seperate carbon fiber wires are glued together with a special glu which holds only if it is first heated to more than 100°C. After heating, the aluminium template needs to be removed quickly, because the cooling ( shrinking )template crashes the carbon fiber structure. To make the removing easier, the middle part of the template is not a usual rectengular: some angles are 95° instead of 90°, so the template comes out easier

8. Silicon in detectors
Silicon is used in pixeldetectors, for example int the ATLAS experiment
Silicon is used for cooling systems which cool down the heat-producing electronic parts in the detectors.
We saw how the cooling system is produced and how it works

11. Other experiments We saw, how:
- pixel detectors are produced and developed
- a 3D printer works
- huge magnets work and how they are produced
- magnetic fields are measured (B sensors)
- we met a lot of people who work on different projects, they showed us a huge amount of new technologies used in the detectors of the CERN

16. CNC milling machine We worked on a CNC milling machine during the week
CNC milling machine is a piece of computerized workshop equipment which can perform multiple tasks such as milling, drilling.
In CERN, it is used for producing detector parts.

19. Our own project: Making a Turner’s cubes
Turners cube is a complex 3D geometrical item with special circles and squares inside
First step: planning the models with the CATIA software

21. Turner’s cube
2. step: planning the „toolpath”  the route which the milling tool will go through. We planned it with CATIA as well, CATIA translates the plan into the CNC machine’s own machine language (G code)

22. Turner’s cube
3. step: preparing the piece of Aluminium for the manufacturing  cutting to the right size, cutting the edges

25. Turner’s cube 4. step: producing the cube with the CNC machine
The milling process took 2 hours for 1 cube

27. Atomic model cube
Our other project was to create a cube which shows the atomic model on his sides
The manufacturing steps were the same
Here is a video about the toolpath on CATIA

30. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Special thanks to our mentor and to CERN for making it possible to work 2 weeks long in the factories of CERN