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Nuclear 1 April 21-22, 2014 Ms. Boon.

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1 Nuclear 1 April 21-22, 2014 Ms. Boon

2 Catalyst Objective: I can define radioactivity and identify the parts of an atom involved. I can write nuclear reaction equations. Agenda: Catalyst Video Nuclear Submarines Notes: Radioactive decay Article Review: Nuclear power plants Pick up a handout Discuss: What do you think of when you hear the word “radioactive”?

3 Catalyst Objective: I can write a nuclear reaction equation. Agenda:
Nuclear Subs Nuclear reaction equations Exit Slip: Nuclear Chem. What are the three types of radiation? Nuclear power plants use (fusion/fission) to generate energy and the sun uses (fusion/fission) to generate energy. Take out your HW!

4 Spotlight: Nuclear Submarine
Video: movies file – nuclear submarine Spotlight: Nuclear Submarine Video Focus Questions: What is the mission of the US nuclear submarines? What type of nuclear reaction powers the sub? How does this work? Why does the Navy use nuclear subs rather than diesel fuel powered subs? (start at 24:05 and end at 29 or keep going for info on nuclear weapons too) To deter other countries from waging nuclear war on the US. These subs have missiles on them and they travel silently and fast all over the world. It is fission reaction. The fission reaction produces heat that heats up water, producing steam, the steam turns the turbine that produces electricity and moves the sub. It takes 4 lbs. of uranium to power the sub. If they used diesel it would require 10 million gallons of fuel. So using nuclear power stops the need to resurface frequently. This decreases danger and helps with the Navy’s mission.

5 Think, Pair, Share: Q: Which do you think produces more energy per gram of starting materials? (a) nuclear fission (b) combustion of fossil fuels Can you defend your decision to your partner?

6 Notes: The nuclear strong force
The nuclear strong force holds protons and neutrons in stable nuclei together. This force is stronger than chemical bonds. Breaking or changing the nuclei during fission or fusion reactions releases some of the nuclear strong force energy. Example: fission of 1 g of uranium-235 generates as much energy as the combustion of 2700 kg of coal.

7 Notes: The nuclear strong force
Example: fission of 1 g of uranium-235 generates as much energy as the combustion of 2700 kg of coal.

8 How much energy? E=mc2 C is the speed of light E is energy (J)
The energy released in a nuclear reaction is calculated using E=mc2 C is the speed of light 3.00 x 108 m/s E is energy (J) m is mass (kg) Using this equation, converting 1.0 g of a substance into energy produces over 1010 KJ of heat energy.

9 Quick Check: Which takes the most energy to occur: physical,
chemical or nuclear change

10 Quick Check: What part of the atom is involved in nuclear reactions?
The nucleus The electron cloud

11 How To Write a Nuclide Symbol:
Mass number = protons + neutrons Think, Pair, Share: How many neutrons does this nuclide have?

12 How To Write a Nuclide Symbol:
Compare the nuclide symbol to the periodic table symbol. Practice: Complete “B” Practice Writing Nuclides on your worksheet.

13 Radioactive decay equations:
1. Alpha (α) decay: The mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2. Po He + 214 Pb 82 Use the phet simulations!

14 Radioactive decay equations:
2. Beta (β) decay: The mass number remains the same. The atomic number increases by 1. C e 14 N 7

15 Radioactive decay equations:
3. Gamma (γ): Gamma rays are released during electron capture. Cr e γ 51 V 23

16 Practice Complete the Practice Worksheets. Use chapter 18 to help.
Raise your hand to check your answers and get a stamp when you are done. If you finish early: Do HW pp. 653 #1-4 Nuclear Chemistry: Read Ch. 18 Section 2 (p ). Do problems p. 657 #1, 2, 5, 6

17 Exit Slip: Nuclear Chemistry
What part of an atom is involved in nuclear reactions? What are the three types of radioactive particles/waves? What is the difference between fission and fusion? Which produces more energy per gram of fuel: a nuclear reaction or a combustion (chemical) reaction? Write the nuclear equation for the alpha decay of uranium-238.

18 Homework Read p. 642-643, 648-653 practice p. 653 #1-4
Nuclear Chemistry: Read Ch. 18 Section 2 (p ). Do problems p. 657 #1, 2, 5, 6 Read Ch 18 Section 3: p. 666 #4, 9, 10, p. 669 #25, 26, 27

19 Radioactivity: Expect the Unexpected
Video: Radioactivity: Expect the Unexpected Video Focus Questions: What is radioactivity? What are the three types of radioactive particles described in the video and how are they different? What are some uses of radioactive particles described in the video? The spontaneous changing of the nucleus of an atom from one element to another is called radioactivity. Beta particle (this is an electron that is made when a neutron turns into a proton and spits out an electron) This makes the atom now be the element with the next higher atomic number. Alpha particle is a helium nucleus – this has 2 protons and 2 neutrons. This makes the new atom the atom with two less protons. Gamma is a wave with a very high frequency (energy) (it passes through the body). Pacemakers, weapons, to kill cancer, used in satallites

20 Article Review: Nuclear Energy
We will go through the article and the questions and discuss answers. We will do this with the word document up on the screen and we will highlight the text where the answers are.

21 Quick Check: What are the three types of radiation?
Nuclear power plants use (fusion/fission) to generate energy and the sun uses (fusion/fission) to generate energy.

22 Homework Review Read p. 642-643, 648-653 practice p. 653 #1-4 218 4
Po He + 214 Pb 82 Pm Nd e -1 Es He n + 256 Md 101 Na e 22 Ne 10

23 Model: Mouse Trap Reactor
Video: movies file – mouse trap reactor regular and slow motion Model: Mouse Trap Reactor Video Focus Questions: In what ways does the mouse trap reactor model simulate a nuclear chain reaction? How is an actual nuclear chain reaction different from the mouse trap model?

24 Los Angeles 2020 Energy Proposal Project
Let’s review the assignment together. To get started – complete the activity in the box at the bottom of the first page. Pull up the assignment.

25 Nuclear Energy Research
Beginning with the resources posted on this blendspace, gather information both for and against the use of nuclear energy as part of your energy proposal.

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