1. INTRODUCTION TO JROTC MARKSMANSHIP
JROTC Marksmanship Instructor Course (JMIC)
Section II: Introduction to JROTC Marksmanship
This section reviews the history of rifle marksmanship, introduces the sport of shooting and shows how this sports activity fits into the JROTC program. This session also identifies the benefits of rifle marksmanship to JROTC cadets.
Revised: 31Jan09, CMP

2. Introduction to JROTC Marksmanship
Section Objective:
The objective of this section is to familiarize JROTC Instructors and cadets with rifle marksmanship and the sport of shooting. It begins by taking a brief look at the origins and history of marksmanship. It goes on to describe the experiences that JROTC cadets receive from participation in marksmanship and how the positive values of rifle marksmanship support the values of the JROTC program.

3. What is Rifle Marksmanship?
A SPORT SKILL WHERE A RIFLE IS AIMED, CONTROLLED AND FIRED SO AS TO CONSISTENTLY HIT DISTANT, DIFFICULT TARGETS
2.2 What is Rifle Marksmanship?
Learning about rifle marksmanship starts with understanding what it is. Rifle marksmanship is defined as:
A SPORT SKILL WHERE A RIFLE IS AIMED, CONTROLLED AND FIRED SO AS TO CONSISTENTLY HIT A DISTANT, DIFFICULT TARGET
There are three key phrases in this definition:
Sport Skill. Rifle marksmanship is a skill that can lead to competitions where athletes can compete on rifle teams at the school or club level and rise as high as the Olympic Games.
Aim-Control-Fire. The fundamental sport skills of rifle marksmanship involve aiming the rifle, controlling its stability and releasing its trigger in precise coordination with aiming.
Consistently Hit a Distant, Difficult Target. The objective of rifle marksmanship is not to fire shots randomly, but to develop the skills needed to fire them accurately so that difficult targets can be hit on a consistent basis.

4. Rifle Marksmanship Is:
A sport with a military heritage
An Olympic sport practiced world-wide
A sport that stresses control, discipline, concentration and extreme precision
An enjoyable, lifetime recreation & competition activity
2.3 Rifle Marksmanship Is:
A Sport with a Military Heritage. The sport of shooting is similar to almost all sports in that it for began as a skill humans needed for survival or military purposes. Soldiers who could shoot skillfully and accurately have been valued by military services for centuries. Accurate rifle marksmanship was developed by military leaders through training and competition.
An Olympic Sport. The sport of shooting enjoys the prestige and recognition that goes with its status as an Olympic sport different countries practice organized forms of the Olympic shooting events and belong to the world governing body of shooting, the International Shooting Sport Federation. Shooting ranks among the top five participation sports in the world in terms of the numbers of people worldwide who practice target shooting.
A Sport that Stresses Control, Discipline, Concentration and Precision. These are special qualities that are developed through rifle marksmanship practice. These skills also benefit marksmanship participants in other ways.
A Lifetime Sport. People who participate in target shooting on a recreational or competitive basis range from 4-H BB gun competitors as young as nine or ten to people in their 70s and 80s. Shooting is a lifetime participation sport.

5. 1 2 3 All Sports Have Three Common Components Athletes
2.4 The Components of Sport--The Components of Shooting:
This slide illustrates how rifle marksmanship shares a common structure with all sports. All sports have three component parts: 1) athletes, 2) sports equipment and 3) scoring or a means of measuring results. In the sport of shooting those components are:
Athletes: Shooting athletes who acquire and demonstrate rifle marksmanship skills are called shooters (from the German Schuetzen).
Sports Equipment: In the sport of rifle marksmanship, the primary item of sports equipment is the rifle or air rifle used to fire at targets. Target rifles are sports equipment and not “weapons” and should not be called weapons. Target rifles have sights to facilitate aiming. Rifle shooters fire in different positions (the standing position is illustrated here) where they must control the rifles they fire. As they aim and control their rifles, they fire shots by releasing the triggers on their rifles.
Scoring: All sports also have a means of measuring the competitive performances of its athletes. In shooting, targets provide this means of measuring athlete performances. The target shown here is the 10-meter air rifle competition target that is used in JROTC competitions. Its ten ring is the 0.5mm dot in the center of the target. To score a ten, the shooter’s shot must hit or touch that dot, which is only as large as a dot made by a sharp pencil. The further shots are from the 10 dot, the fewer points they score.
Athletes
Sports Equipment
Scoring 3

6. JROTC Rifle Marksmanship
Popular activity for JROTC Cadets
Governed by Cadet Command Regulations
Uses 4.5mm (.177 cal.) target air rifles
Firing at 10 meters distance
Cadets learn gun safety & basic marksmanship in range firing activities
Competition firing in prone, standing, kneeling positions
Many units have JROTC Rifle Teams
2.8 JROTC Rifle Marksmanship:
This is a brief description of the JROTC Rifle Marksmanship program.
Popular Cadet Activity. Rifle marksmanship is offered by Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force JROTC units wherever this activity is approved by host schools. Almost all JROTC units offering rifle marksmanship report that it gives a significant boost to JROTC recruiting and retention.
Regulations. Each of the four services now have regulations governing rifle marksmanship. These regulations establish a starting point for the rifle marksmanship programs offered in JROTC units. Instructors must be sure to study the regulations for their service.
4.5mm Target Air Rifles. All JROTC rifle marksmanship activity is now done with 4.5 mm (.177 caliber) single shot target air rifles.
10M Distance. All range firing activities in JROTC marksmanship programs are done on ranges that are 10 meters (33 feet) long. Firing may be done on indoor or outdoor ranges.
Gun Safety and Marksmanship Training. All cadets who participate in rifle marksmanship receive gun safety training first and then practice rifle marksmanship in range firing activities.
Prone, Standing and Kneeling Positions. JROTC competition firing is done in three standard firing positions.
JROTC Rifle Teams. Many JROTC units give advanced cadets opportunities to represent their units and schools in three-position air rifle competitions.

7. Marksmanship Offers: 1. Safety Instruction
3. Practice Firing & Qualification
2.9 Marksmanship Offers JROTC Cadets:
These photos illustrate the variety of experiences JROTC cadets can have while participating in air rifle marksmanship.
Safety Instruction. The most important lessons in marksmanship are the gun safety training that teaches cadets how to handle guns safely and responsibly. The safety lessons learned in JROTC marksmanship are applicable to all guns.
Marksmanship Instruction. Cadets receive detailed training in the skills that shooters must master in order to accurately fire at targets in the standard firing positions.
Practice Firing and Qualification. Most JROTC marksmanship programs afford cadets many opportunities for practice firing and a chance to do qualification firing where they can earn badges or ribbons that may be worn on their JROTC uniforms. Cadets in this photo are practicing in the kneeling position.
Rifle Team Participation. Many JROTC units also have rifle teams for cadets who wish to do additional practice and strive to excel in JROTC and open competitions. Many JROTC rifle teams travel to competitions that take place all over the USA.
2. Marksmanship Instruction
4. Rifle Team Participation

8. JROTC Competition Opportunities
JROTC Competition Program:
JROTC Postal Competitions
Regional JROTC competitions and leagues
Army, USMC, Navy & Air Force JROTC Service Championships
National JROTC Championship
Open Junior Competitions:
High School Rifle Team Competitions
Regional and National Junior Competitions
2.10 JROTC Competition Opportunities:
Competition firing comes after completing safety and basic marksmanship instruction and qualification firing. The JROTC air rifle competition season begins in the fall with practice and annual postal competitions for each service. The full program of opportunities for JROTC unit rifle teams includes:
JROTC Postals. In postal matches, participating teams fire official match targets at their home range. Every year, the CMP administers Army, USMC, Navy and Air Force JROTC programs where every JROTC unit with marksmanship can participate in team and individual competition in either sporter or precision air rifle classes. Scores in postals determine unit teams and individual cadets that advance to the JROTC Service Championships.
Regional JROTC Competitions. JROTC units in many areas of the country compete with each other or form leagues that conduct postal or shoulder-to-shoulder matches.
Army, USMC, Navy & Air Force JROTC Championships. Unit teams and at-large individual cadets who advance from the postals to this level compete for championship awards. These championships are shoulder-to-shoulder competitions where all qualifying cadets compete together in one location for individual and team sporter and precision air rifle titles for that service.
National JROTC Championship. Each year the best JROTC unit teams and at-large individuals in each service championship advance to the JROTC Nationals. This is the most important competition of the year for JROTC marksmanship.
High School Rifle Teams. In many schools, there is also a high school varsity or club rifle team that is open to JROTC cadets as well as to other students.
Regional & National Junior Competitions. JROTC rifle teams often compete in junior regional and national competitions in three-position air rifle events sponsored by the National Three-Position Air Rifle Council or its member organizations.

9. SHOOTING IS A SPORT THAT EMPHASIZES AND DEVELOPS THESE QUALITIES:
CONTROL
SHOOTING IS A SPORT THAT EMPHASIZES AND DEVELOPS THESE QUALITIES:
DISCIPLINE
CONCENTRATION
CONCENTRATION
0.5mm 10-Ring, 10M Distance
2.12 Shooting Emphasizes and Develops Special Qualities:
One of the most important benefits of participating in the sport of shooting is that it develops certain skills and attributes in its participants that can help them perform better in school and in life. Skills or attributes that are enhanced by the marksmanship experience include:
Control. The target shooter must learn to apply physical, mental and emotional control to be able to consistently fire accurate shots.
Discipline. A high level of personal discipline is necessary in order to always handle guns safety and to perform the practice necessary to develop the skills required for success in this sport.
Concentration. Target shooting in an intensely mental activity where participants develop the ability to concentrate and focus their attention on real performance factors. The improved concentration skills of shooters typically transfers to doing better work in school.
Extreme Precision. The target used for air rifle target shooting has a ten ring that is really just a very tiny “dot.” To score the maximum of ten points on a single shot on this 10 meter target, the firer’s shot must hit or touch this dot that is only one-half millimeter in diameter. The effort to achieve such precision on a consistent, shot-after-shot basis yields the positive benefits of control, discipline and concentration.
EXTREME PRECISION

10. Qualities of Marksmanship
Safety—one of the safest youth sports
Open to All--Gender, size, speed, etc. do not determine success
Practice, not ability, makes the difference
Teaches life skills—discipline, responsibility, rewards of hard work
Teaches control, respect for others
It’s fun—scoring a ten is a big thrill!
2.12 Qualities of Marksmanship:
The “qualities” that result from marksmanship participation are positive and beneficial. These qualities or benefits of marksmanship include:
Safety: Statistics compiled by the CMP as well as similar statistics provided by the National Safety Council, National Shooting Sports Foundation and other organizations confirm that air rifle shooting and the shooting sports are among the safest of all sports. Properly conducted, rifle is the safest sport a school can offer.
Open to All. Shooting is a sport where boys and girls can compete together on an equal basis. It is also a sport where physical size, speed or strength has almost nothing to do with chances for ultimate success. Champion shooters represent both sexes and have many different physical characteristics.
Practice, Not Ability. Shooting is a sport where only practice can develop the motor skills, muscular coordination and concentration abilities needed to consistently scores tens. So-called natural ability that is so vital in many sports makes very little difference in shooting. The most important natural ability in shooting may be an interest in shooting and a desire to work hard in practice and competition.
Teaches Life Skills. One of the real benefits of marksmanship is that it teaches valuable life skills that can benefit those who participate in the shooting sports throughout their lives.
Teaches Control and Respect for Others. Rifle marksmanship is unique in that it does not require aggressive actions against opponents. In target shooting, the shooter’s competitive energies must be directed towards an inanimate target that is ten meters downrange and not directly against an opponent. This allows target shooting participants to learn special qualities of self-control and emotional-control as well as a unique respect for their opponents.
It’s Fun. One of the most important reasons young people participate in any sport is that they enjoy the sport. People who participate in shooting do it because it really is fun.

11. Why Marksmanship in JROTC?
Popular, fun, exciting and uniquely challenging
Teaches safety through rules and responsibility
Develops life skills—discipline, self-control, emotional control
Enhances performance skills—concentration, goal setting, teamwork
An Olympic sport with a military heritage
A high school and NCAA college sport, cadets can earn scholarships
2.13 Why Marksmanship in JROTC:
This summary statement responds to the question of why marksmanship is offered as part of the JROTC program.
Popular, fun, exciting and challenging. JROTC cadets are motivated and excited by the unique challenges that rifle marksmanship provides. Whenever marksmanship is offered by a JROTC unit it is very popular with cadets and becomes an important means of supporting recruitment and retention for JROTC units.
Safety. When conducted according to established safety procedures, rifle marksmanship is extremely safe.
Life Skills. One of the unique benefits of target shooting is that it does a great job of teaching life skills like discipline, self-control and emotional control.
Performance Skills. Rifle marksmanship also teaches and enhances important human performance skills such as concentration, goal setting and teamwork. These are skills that can benefit students’ academic performances as well.
Olympic Sport with a Military Heritage. Marksmanship as a sport originated from ancient martial or military requirements. It continues to be a skill that military commanders hold in high esteem. From this military heritage, shooting became recognized as an Olympic sport that gives all who participate in it a chance to live the Olympic dream.
High School and NCCA Sport. Rifle is recognized as a high school sport in many states and offers participants opportunities to earn athletic letters. Rifle also is recognized by the NCAA as one of its championship sports. Outstanding rifle shooters can aspire to earn college athletic department scholarships or one of the CMP ROTC scholarships that are awarded annually to JROTC or ROTC cadets who excel in marksmanship.

12. YOU ARE THE KEY TO SAFETY!
WHAT do you think is the PRIMARY concern when handling firearms?
SAFETY!!!
is ALWAYS the primary concern when handling firearms, whether the guns are located in the home, at the range or in the field!
YOU ARE THE KEY TO SAFETY!
Ask: Why is safety a primary concern?
There is no wrong answer.
Safety is of upmost importance.

13. Major Causes for Accidents
Ignorance – the lack of knowledge of firearm safety or operation
Carelessness – Failure to apply one’s knowledge when handling firearms!
Direct students to read the two major causes for accidents.
Ask: Does everyone understand these two reasons?
If they do not understand, then address accordingly.
Emphasize the safety and knowledge.

14. Gun Safety Rules
MUZZLE CONTROL - ALWAYS keep your gun pointed in a safe direction
CLEAR BARREL INDICATOR (CBI) – insert in muzzle and breach
TRIGGER CONTROL - ALWAYS keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot
Direct students to read “NRA Gun Safety Rules.”
Ask: What does a “safe direction” mean”
The gun is pointed so that if it were to go off it would not cause injury or property damage.
Ask: What is a safe direction in this classroom?
Discuss why the direction was chosen. State that circumstances dictate the safest direction. Discuss examples, such as building with multiple floors and rooms.
Ask: Unless shooting, where should the shooter’s trigger finger rest”
The trigger finger should rest alongside the gun, i.e., on the frame, receiver, or trigger guard.
Ask: What does “ready to use” mean?
“Ready to use” depends upon the circumstances.
When target shooting, the gun should be loaded only at the firing line and only when authorized to load.
Emphasize that safeties can fail and cannot replace safe gun handling. NRA Gun Safety rules should be followed all of the time!

15. Gun Safety Rules
TRIGGER CONTROL - ALWAYS keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot
ACTION CONTROL - ALWAYS keep your gun unloaded until ready to use, action is open with CBI at all times except when firing
GROUND YOUR RIFLE – ALWAYS put rifle down when not firing
Direct students to read “NRA Gun Safety Rules.”
Ask: What does a “safe direction” mean”
The gun is pointed so that if it were to go off it would not cause injury or property damage.
Ask: What is a safe direction in this classroom?
Discuss why the direction was chosen. State that circumstances dictate the safest direction. Discuss examples, such as building with multiple floors and rooms.
Ask: Unless shooting, where should the shooter’s trigger finger rest”
The trigger finger should rest alongside the gun, i.e., on the frame, receiver, or trigger guard.
Ask: What does “ready to use” mean?
“Ready to use” depends upon the circumstances.
When target shooting, the gun should be loaded only at the firing line and only when authorized to load.
Emphasize that safeties can fail and cannot replace safe gun handling. NRA Gun Safety rules should be followed all of the time!

16. Gun Safety Rules
RANGE OFFICER IS GOD!! - ALWAYS obey every command of the Range officer immediately without question. Same for all safety personnel.
Direct students to read “NRA Gun Safety Rules.”
Ask: What does a “safe direction” mean”
The gun is pointed so that if it were to go off it would not cause injury or property damage.
Ask: What is a safe direction in this classroom?
Discuss why the direction was chosen. State that circumstances dictate the safest direction. Discuss examples, such as building with multiple floors and rooms.
Ask: Unless shooting, where should the shooter’s trigger finger rest”
The trigger finger should rest alongside the gun, i.e., on the frame, receiver, or trigger guard.
Ask: What does “ready to use” mean?
“Ready to use” depends upon the circumstances.
When target shooting, the gun should be loaded only at the firing line and only when authorized to load.
Emphasize that safeties can fail and cannot replace safe gun handling. NRA Gun Safety rules should be followed all of the time!

17. Range Commands
LOAD – do not load your rifle until this command is given. Keep rifle pointed down range.
START – begin firing do not fire before this command is given.
STOP – stop shooting IMMEDIATELY!! DO not fire any pellet in your rifle.
SAFETY or WHISTLE – stop shooting IMMEDIATELY!!
Direct students to read “NRA Gun Safety Rules.”
Ask: What does a “safe direction” mean”
The gun is pointed so that if it were to go off it would not cause injury or property damage.
Ask: What is a safe direction in this classroom?
Discuss why the direction was chosen. State that circumstances dictate the safest direction. Discuss examples, such as building with multiple floors and rooms.
Ask: Unless shooting, where should the shooter’s trigger finger rest”
The trigger finger should rest alongside the gun, i.e., on the frame, receiver, or trigger guard.
Ask: What does “ready to use” mean?
“Ready to use” depends upon the circumstances.
When target shooting, the gun should be loaded only at the firing line and only when authorized to load.
Emphasize that safeties can fail and cannot replace safe gun handling. NRA Gun Safety rules should be followed all of the time!

18. Range Procedures
COMPLETION OF FIRING – open action, insert CBI, and ground rifle. Keep rifle pointed down range.
LOADED RIFLE – after command to STOP, do not shoot, keep gun pointed down range, raise hand, wait Range Officer command.
GOING DOWN RANGE – Range Officer must give clearance, all rifles grounded, actions open, CBIs inserted.
Direct students to read “NRA Gun Safety Rules.”
Ask: What does a “safe direction” mean”
The gun is pointed so that if it were to go off it would not cause injury or property damage.
Ask: What is a safe direction in this classroom?
Discuss why the direction was chosen. State that circumstances dictate the safest direction. Discuss examples, such as building with multiple floors and rooms.
Ask: Unless shooting, where should the shooter’s trigger finger rest”
The trigger finger should rest alongside the gun, i.e., on the frame, receiver, or trigger guard.
Ask: What does “ready to use” mean?
“Ready to use” depends upon the circumstances.
When target shooting, the gun should be loaded only at the firing line and only when authorized to load.
Emphasize that safeties can fail and cannot replace safe gun handling. NRA Gun Safety rules should be followed all of the time!

19. Range Procedures
RIFLE JAM or MISS FIRE – open action, insert CBI, and ground rifle. Keep rifle pointed down range.
TRANSPORTING RIFLES – Open actions, insert CBI, await Range Officer approval to enter or leave range.
Direct students to read “NRA Gun Safety Rules.”
Ask: What does a “safe direction” mean”
The gun is pointed so that if it were to go off it would not cause injury or property damage.
Ask: What is a safe direction in this classroom?
Discuss why the direction was chosen. State that circumstances dictate the safest direction. Discuss examples, such as building with multiple floors and rooms.
Ask: Unless shooting, where should the shooter’s trigger finger rest”
The trigger finger should rest alongside the gun, i.e., on the frame, receiver, or trigger guard.
Ask: What does “ready to use” mean?
“Ready to use” depends upon the circumstances.
When target shooting, the gun should be loaded only at the firing line and only when authorized to load.
Emphasize that safeties can fail and cannot replace safe gun handling. NRA Gun Safety rules should be followed all of the time!

20. Rifle Parts…Air Rifle Barrel Break Action Pump Lever Loading Port
Chamber
Front Sight
Rear Sight
Barrel
Grip
Comb
Muzzle
Direct students to point out each part of the air rifle. You may want to use your air rifle owner’s manual to teach the parts of your rifle.
Emphasize muzzle, safety, butt, chamber, trigger, and forearm.
Emphasize where the muzzle is located and where it should always be pointed.
Butt
Forearm
Safety
Toe
Pellet Magazine
Trigger Guard
Trigger

21. Demonstrate Air Rifle Operation
Instructor demonstration only
Simulate loading
Cocking
Firing “Dry-fire only”
Check the Owner Manual to ensure you can dry-fire your air rifle.
Unloading
During Live-fire on the range, your instructor will load and unload the air rifle for you.
Explain that, in addition to firing (which will be discussed in Lesson II), there are two basic operations of most air rifles: loading and unloading.
Emphasize where safe direction is in the classroom and this is for demonstration purposes only.
You will be explaining, demonstrating, and reviewing the operations indicated. Refer to the general operational guidelines in the Basics of Rifle Shooting handbook for the type of air rifle you are using in this orientation. These guidelines discuss the indicated procedures in a clear, simple, step-by-step manner.
Consult the owner's manual of your participant's air rifle to see whether the manufacturer has any particular guidelines for its operation.
Do not conduct the orientation unless you are thoroughly familiar with the correct operation of the participant's air rifle as recommended by the manufacturer.
Be sure to observe, cite, and reinforce the applicable NRA rules of safe gun handling throughout the exercise. Note that ammunition that falls to the ground must remain on the ground until it may be safely retrieved by someone who is not handling a firearm (the instructor or another participant under the instructor's direction).
Loading-Explain, demonstrate, and discuss the loading procedure of your participant's air rifle in a clear, simple, step-by-step manner. Then have participants repeat the steps back to you as you repeat the demonstration.
Unloading-Explain, demonstrate, and discuss the unloading procedure for your participant's air rifle in a clear, simple step-by-step manner. Then have participants repeat the steps back to you as you repeat the demonstration. 21

22. Air Rifle Range Layout Firing Line Range Officer Station Firing Points
Firing Distance = 10 meters
Firing Points
Ready Line
3.6 Air Rifle Range Layout:
Here is a generic range layout scheme. When looking for a site for an air rifle range and when laying out a range on that site, there are certain range features that must be taken into account:
Target Backstops. Target backstops or target holders corresponding to each firing point are placed at the front of the range.
Firing Line. The firing line is a distinct line that designates the forward limit where shooters or firers can stand while shooting.
Firing Distance. The distance from the target backstops to the firing line must be 10 meters or 32 feet, 9 1/2 inches.
Firing Points. Sections of the firing line are designated for each shooter or firer to occupy while firing. Both the target backstops and firing points have corresponding numbers to designate the target and firing point numbers.
Safety Barrier. Ranges must have a safety barrier on the two side walls and front (behind the target backstops) of the range. The safety barrier does not have to have a regular configuration, but it must be capable of excluding access from outside of the range during firing and of containing shots fired from within the range.
Range Officer Station/Area. An area for the range officer to move and work in while controlling the firing line must be designated behind the firing points. A table or lectern may be placed behind the firing line for the Range Officer to use in controlling range activities.
Ready Line. On ranges where there is sufficient room, a Ready Line should be established to limit the forward movement of persons waiting to fire or of spectators and visitors. The area behind the firing line is designated as the Ready Area.
Target Backstops
Safety Barrier

23. Review Lesson I – Safety, Parts & Operation
Safety Gun Handling Rules
Parts
Operation
Range Layout
Ask: What are the three NRA Gun Safety rules?
Always keep the gun pointed in a safe direction.
Always keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
Always keep the gun unloaded until ready to use.
Emphasize ALWAYS
Ask: What are the three MAJOR components of an air rifle?
Action, barrel, and stock
Ask: Describe the loading and unloading procedures for the specific air rifle model used in this orientation.
Ask: What are your questions?
State: Next lesson is the Introduction to Ammunition and the Fundamentals of Rifle Shooting.

24. Lesson II: Introduction to Ammunition and The Fundamentals of Air Rifle Shooting
Direct students to read slide aloud.
LESSON II. Introduction to Ammunition and the Fundamentals of rifle Shooting
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: As a result of their participation in this training session, participants will be able to:
Identify the three items to check to determine the proper ammunition for their air rifle
Identify and define the three major types of cartridge malfunctions and explain how to respond safely when they occur.
Determine the dominant eye.
Explain the fundamentals of rifle shooting and demonstrate them from the benchrest position.
LENGTH: 45 Minutes
FACILITY: Classroom or Range
TRAINING AIDS: BB/Air Rifle, BB/Air Rifle owner's manual, one per participant of the following: The Basics of Rifle Shooting handbook, NRA Gun Safety Rules brochure. (Note: No live ammunition is to be used during this lesson.
REFERENCES: The Basics of Rifle Shooting handbook.

25. Ammunition Parts of the Pellet
Head
State Pellets are usually pressed from lead, and are available in two basic styles: the hourglass or diabolo style, and the cylindrical style. The nose portion or the pellet is called the head, the nipped-in constricted middle portion is known as the waist, and the base potion is known as the skirt.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.
Waist
Picture from Federal Cartridge
Skirt 25

26. Air Rifle Ammunition Potential ammunition malfunctions
Air Rifle MISFIRE: AN Air Rifle MISFIRE IS THE FAILURE OF THE GUN TO PROPEAL THE PELLET OUT OF THE CHAMBER OF THE GUN.
Action to take:
THE GUN SHOULD BE KEPT POINTED IN A SAFE DIRECTION .
RAISE YOUR HAND TO NOTIFY THE RANGE SAFETY OFFICE YOU NEED HELP.
THE INSTRUCTOR WILL DIRECT YOU TO RECOCK THE GUN AND REFIRE.
Air Rifle SQUIB LOAD: A SQUIB LOAD IS WHEN AN Air Rifle DEVELOPS LESS THAN NORMAL PRESSURE, AND RESULTS IN THE PELLET FAILING TO EXIT THE MUZZLE AND LODGING IN THE BORE.
IF SIGNS OF A SQUIB LOAD ARE ENCOUNTERED:
REDUCED NOISE
THE INSTRUCTOR WILL DIRECT YOU TO:
OPEN THE ACTION OF THE Air Rifle
CHECK THE BORE FOR PELLET.
KEEP THE GUN POINTED IN A SAFE DIRECTION PUSH PELLET OUT OF BARRELL.
RELOAD AND FIRE.
Direct students to read aloud this slide.
Emphasize that the air rifle should always be kept pointed in a safe direction.
Ask: What is the difference between a misfire and a squib load?
With a misfire the pellet never leaves the chamber. With a squib load the low pressure only pushed the pellet part way down the barrel.
Ask: What actions should be taken as result of a squib load?
Open the action of the Air Rifle.
keeping the rifle pointed downrange in a safe direction.
Raise your hand to notify the Range Safety Officer.
Follow the RSOs instructor on checking the bore for the pellet.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.

27. Shooting Fundamentals Determining the Dominant Eye
Extend arms forward and form opening between the hands
With both eyes open, look at a distant object through opening
Bring hands to face while looking at object – Opening will be aligned with the dominant eye
Direct all students to follow along in this exercise.
Direct students to focus on you the instructor’s nose while bringing hands to their face.
Point out to each individual in the class what their dominate eye is. Have each student repeat the steps 2-3 times to make sure you have determined their correct dominate eye.
Ask: Why is determining eye dominance an important part of this course?
Knowing your eye dominance is critical for the shooting sports.
Shooting with the correct eye will increase your accuracy tremendously.
It may be hard for you the shooter to change hands to match their dominate eye but after some practice and time you will become a much more efficient and accurate shooter. 27

28. Air Rifle Shooting Fundamentals
1. AIMING (sight alignment & sight picture)
2. BREATH CONTROL
3. HOLD CONTROL
4. TRIGGER CONTROL
5. FOLLOW-THROUGH
Direct students to read the five Air Rifle Shooting Fundamentals.
Ask What is a fundamental?
Fundamentals are basic building blocks on which we can develop and expand.
State:
Aiming is the process of lining up the air rifle with the target. It involves the alignment of your eye, the rear sight, the front sight or scope, and the target.
Instructor Note: Select the AIMING Slide ( ) that represent the sight on your air rifle.
Breath Control means stopping your breathing before you fire a shot. Breathing causes your body to move. That’s fine, unless you happen to be ready to fire a shot. Continuing to breathe makes it impossible to get a steady sight picture.
Hold Control is trying to keep the aligned sights or scope reticles aimed as close as possible on the center of the target. This is the most important part of firing the shot.
Trigger Control is a smooth, controlled trigger squeeze to eliminate disturbance of the air rifle.
Follow-through is the act of continuing to aiming control, breath control, hold control and trigger control immediately following the shot.

29. FUNDAMENTALS “Aiming”
Notch Rear and Post Front Sight
FRONT SIGHT IS IN SHARP FOCUS
Sight Alignment
With Post-and-Notch sights:
The tops of the front and rear sights are even
The front post is centered in the rear notch
Ask what is "Aiming?"
Aiming is the process of positioning the air rifle so that the pellet will hit the target.
The process first involves sight alignment and then sight picture.
Ask What makes up sight alignment?
The proper positioning of the shooting eye, rear sight and front sight.
Ask What makes up sight picture?
The alignment of the shooting eye, rear sight, front sight and target or adding the target to aligned sights.
The sight picture varies with the type of sights you are using, but the basic rule is to focus on the front sight (the rear sight and target will be slightly out of focus).
Explain 6 O’clock hold on the bullseye.
Ball on a fence post. The ball is the bullseye and the post is the front sight.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.
Sight Picture
6 O'clock Hold on the Bullseye

30. FUNDAMENTALS “Aiming”
Aperture Rear and Post Front Sight
FRONT SIGHT IS IN SHARP FOCUS
Ask what is "Aiming?"
Aiming is the process of positioning the air rifle so that the bullet will hit the target.
The process first involves sight alignment and then sight picture.
Explain: An aperture rear sight will improve accuracy, because it easer to center the front sight in the rear sight.
Ask What makes up sight alignment?
The proper positioning of the shooting eye, rear sight and front sight.
Ask What makes up sight picture?
The alignment of the shooting eye, rear sight, front sight and target or adding the target to aligned sights.
The sight picture varies with the type of sights you are using, but the basic rule is to focus on the front sight (the rear sight and target will be slightly out of focus).
Explain 6 O’clock hold on the bullseye.
Ball on a fence post. The ball is the bullseye and the post is the front sight.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.
Sight Alignment
Sight Picture
6 O'clock Hold on the Bullseye
Aperture Rear and Post Front Sight
The tops of the front is center in the rear sights aperture

31. FUNDAMENTALS “Aiming”
Aperture Rear and Aperture Front Sight
FRONT SIGHT IS IN SHARP FOCUS
Ask what is "Aiming?"
Aiming is the process of positioning the air rifle so that the bullet will hit the target.
The process first involves sight alignment and then sight picture.
Ask What makes up sight alignment?
The proper positioning of the shooting eye, rear sight and front sight.
Explain: An aperture rear and front sight will improve accuracy, because it easer to center the front sight in the rear sight. This sight combination is the preferred system used by competitive shooters restricted to using metallic sights.
Ask What makes up sight picture?
The alignment of the shooting eye, rear sight, front sight and target or adding the target to aligned sights.
The sight picture varies with the type of sights you are using, but the basic rule is to focus on the front aperture (the rear sight and target will be slightly out of focus).
Explain Center mass hold on the bullseye.
The aligned sights are center on the target.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.
Sight Alignment
Sight Picture
Bullseye is center in the front sight aperture
Aperture Rear and Post Front Sight
The front aperture is center in the rear sights aperture

32. FUNDAMENTALS “Aiming”
Scope
FOCUS ON THE CROSS HAIRS
Ask What is a fundamental?
Fundamentals are basic building blocks on which we can develop and expand.
Ask what is "Aiming?"
Aiming is the process of positioning the BB/Air Rifle so that the bullet will hit the target.
The process first involves sight alignment and then sight picture.
Ask What makes up sight alignment?
The proper positioning of the shooting eye and cross hairs (reticles).
Ask What makes up sight picture?
The alignment of the shooting eye, reticles and target.
The sight picture varies with the type of reticles in the scope. With a scope you can focus on the reticles or target.
Explain Center mass hold on the bullseye.
The reticles are centered on the target.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.
Sight Alignment
Sight Picture
Cross Hairs are centered on the target
Looking through the scope , You see the whole scope tube (not just small hole in tube)

33. Shooting Fundamentals Breath Control
Body movement while breathing can produce gun movement that impairs shooting.
Stop breathing momentarily while firing the shot! (Respiratory pause, a moment between breaths)
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.

34. Shooting Fundamentals Hold Control
Body movement affects the shot.
Hold your body still.
Hold control allows you to maintain the proper sight picture and sight alignment during the process of firing the shot.
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.

35. Shooting Fundamentals Trigger Control
Trigger is moved straight to the rear in a smooth, continuous manner without disturbing the sight alignment.
Gradually and evenly increasing pressure until the BB gun/Air Rifle fires.
SURPRISE yourself when the gun shoots.
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: What does it mean to surprise yourself?
Trigger should be moved slow and continuous. You should not know when the shot goes off hence being surprised by the shot.
Example: Using your pen and trigger finger, demonstrate a slow, continuous, trigger squeeze.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.

36. Shooting Fundamentals Follow-Through
In Air Rifle Shooting:
Follow-through means to maintain aiming (perfect sight alignment and acceptable sight picture), breath control, hold control, and trigger control until the gun settles back into the aiming area after firing.
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly. 36

37. Shooting Fundamentals The Fundamentals…A Review
“Maintaining perfect sight alignment and acceptable sight picture.” –
“Stop breathing.” –
“Holding still.” –
“Moving only your trigger finger.” –
maintain position, and continue aiming, breath control, hold control, and trigger control until the gun settles back into the aiming area after the shot is fired.” –
AIMING
BREATH CONTROL
HOLD CONTROL
TRIGGER CONTROL
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.
FOLLOW-THROUGH

38. Most Important Fundamentals!
NOTE –
The TWO most IMPORTANT shooting fundamentals are……..
“Maintaining sight alignment” – AIMING
“Moving only the trigger finger” – TRIGGER CONTROL
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.

39. Review Lesson II – Safety, Parts & Operation
Identify in the ammunition for your air rifle
Ammunition malfunctions
Eye dominance
Fundamentals of shooting
Ask: How do you select the correct ammunition for your air rifle?
Barrel, Boxes and cartridge head stamp.
Ask: What are the two types of Ammunition Malfunctions?
Misfire, and Squib load.
Ask: What are the five fundamentals of air rifle shooting?
Aiming
Breath control
Hold Control
Trigger control
Follow-through
Ask: What are your questions?
State: Next lesson is the Introduction to Air Rifle Shooting from the Benchrest Position.

40. RULES FOR USING AND STORING A GUN
When you are shooting -- whether hunting, recreational practicing, or competing -- these rules must always be followed:
1. Know your target and what is beyond
2. Know how to use your gun safely
3. Be sure the gun is safe to operate
When you’re actually engaged in shooting – whether hunting, recreational, practice, or competition -- these rules must always be followed:
Ask what is meant by each of the Topics.
1. Know your target and what is beyond -- Be absolutely sure that you have identified your target beyond any doubt. Equally important, be aware of the area beyond your target. This means observing your prospective area of fire before you shoot. Never fire in a direction in which there are people or any other potential for mishap. Think first. Shoot second.
2. Know how to use a gun safely -- Before handling a gun, learn how it operates. Know its basic parts, how to safely open and close the action, and remove any ammunition from the gun or magazine. Remember, a gun’s safety is a mechanical device and is not foolproof. Nothing can ever replace safe gun handling.
3. Be sure the gun is safe to operate -- Just like other tools, guns need regular maintenance to remain operable. Regular cleaning and proper storage are part of the gun’s general upkeep. If there is any question concerning a gun’s ability to function, a knowledgeable gunsmith should look at it.

41. RULES FOR USING AND STORING A GUN Continued”
4. Use only the correct ammunition for your gun
5. Wear eye and hearing protection as appropriate
6. Never use alcohol or drugs before, or while shooting
7. Store guns so they are not accessible to unauthorized persons
8. Be aware that certain types of guns and many shooting activities require additional safety precautions.
Ask what is meant by each of the Topics.
Use only the correct ammunition for your gun -- Only BBs, pellets, cartridges, or shells designed for a particular gun can be fired safely in that gun. Most guns have the ammunition type stamped on the barrel. Ammunition can be identified by information printed on the box and sometimes stamped on the cartridge. Do not shoot the gun unless you have the proper ammunition.
Wear eye and ear protection as appropriate -- Guns are loud and the sound can cause permanent damage to your hearing. They also emit debris and hot gas that can cause eye injury. For these reasons, shooting glasses and hearing protection must be worn by shooters.
Never use alcohol or drugs before, or when shooting -- Alcohol, as well as many other substances affect normal mental or physical bodily functions. They must never be used before or while handling, or shooting guns. Prescription medication can also impair your mental and physical abilities.
Store guns so they are not accessible to unauthorized persons -- Several factors should be considered when you decide on where and how to store your guns. Your particular situation will be a major part of the consideration. Be sure to check state and local laws regarding firearm storage. Safe and secure storage requires that untrained individuals (especially children) be denied access to your gun.
Be aware that certain types of guns and many shooting activities require additional safety precautions-- Most ranges will have standard operation procedures for shooting on that range. Ensure that you follow the range regulations.

42. At The Firing Point Eight Steps in learning a shooting position
Study the characteristics of the position.
Practice the position without the air rifle. Focus on correct position of body
Practice the position with the air rifle.
Align position to the target. Adjust the position to the Natural Point of Aim.
Dry-fire at the blank target: Review Aiming, Breath Control, Hold Control, Trigger Control and Follow-through.
Live-fire at the Blank target -five shots
Adjust sight (Zero the rifle): Move the group to the center of the target.
Resume live fire exercise
Shooting Exercise 1.
BB gun place blank target at 15 feet.
Air Rifle place blank target at 33 feet.
.22 Rifle place blank target at 50 feet.
Ammunition ??
Note: Prior to the exercise
Make sure the guns are working properly, and that the air rifle can shoot a five shot group that can be covered with a quarter at the required distance for the type of air rifle.
Emphasize: that these eight step are use in learning all the shooting positions.
Direct students to read slide.
Ask: Are there any questions?
Address questions accordingly.

43. Dry-fire Check your Natural Point of Aim Dry-fire at the blank target
The blank target will help you to focus on sight alignment (the relationship between the front and rear sights)
When the trigger breaks the whole position should not move! The front and rear sight should remain aligned!
Fundamental of Shooting are:
“Maintaining perfect sight alignment and acceptable sight picture.”
“Stop breathing.” – respiratory pause
“Holding still.” –
“Moving only your trigger finger.” –
“To maintain position, and continue aiming, breath control, hold control, and trigger control until the gun settles back into the aiming area after the shot is fired.” –
Reinforce the bulleted points on the slide.
Note: Position yourself so you can see the front sight, outside the shooter’s field of vision. Watch the front sight for any motion when the trigger is pulled. Have the shooter dry-fire until there is no movement when the trigger is pulled.

44. Live-fire at a blank target
Exercise Requirements:
From a benchrest or prone supported position
Shoot five – three shot groups
Each group must be small enough to be covered by a quarter to count.
“Commence Firing”
Inspect down range area prior to commencing fire to ensure no one is down range.
“Cease Firing”
Inspect each air rifle to ensure they empty prior to letting anyone go down range to change targets.
Direct:
Shooters to put their hearing protection in place.
Command “Commence Firing”
Command “Cease Firing” as needed to change targets.
Inspect each air rifle to ensure that they are unloaded prior to letting anyone go down range to change targets.
Hang a bullseye target after the student shoots their fourth - three shot group that can be covered by a quarter. Use the student’s targets to teach the sight adjustment lesson.
Inspect the down range area prior to commencing shooting.

45. Resume live fire exercise at Bullseye Target
Resume live firing exercise
Requirements:
From a benchrest, or prone, supported position
Shoot five – five shot groups
Each five shot group must be smaller than a quarter and in the center of the bullseye to count.
“Commence Firing”
Inspect down range area prior to commencing shooting to ensure no one is down range.
“Cease Firing”
Inspect each air rifle to ensure it is empty prior to letting anyone go down range to change targets.
Shoot on a blank target first

46. Adjusting the sights “Zeroing the air rifle”
Calling the shot, using the "Clock System."
Locate the center of the group.
Use the clock system to locate shots
Move the rear in the direction you want to move the impact. 6 12 1 11
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3 10
Using one of the student’s shot targets, explain that we describe the location of a single shot, or group of shots, on the target as it relates to the numbers on a clock with 12 o’clock at the top (the group on the slide is located at 2 o'clock). On the slide, point to a different location on the target and ask the students what they would call that shot location (for example, 9 at 3 o'clock).
Explain that once we know where the shots are located on the target, we can use the rear sight to move the shot group to the center of the target. (Remember that we move the rear sight to the center of the target.) Depending on the type of sight you have on your air rifle, you can accurately move the shot group to the center of the bullseye. Using the example on the slide, we would move the shot group to the center of the bullseye by the following steps:
Step 1-- Locate the center of the shot group (2 o'clock on our slide).
Step 2 -- Move the rear sight to the left (left/right is called "Windage")
Step 3 -- Move the rear sight down (up/down is called "Elevation")
Explain that the next group the students shoot will be closer to, or maybe right in the center of the bullseye. If it is not, then the same procedure will be followed until the air rifle is "zeroed."
Explain that this process is called "Zeroing The Air Rifle," or “Finding The Zero Point." x 9 3 8 4 7 5
Rear Sight
Move left
Move Down

47. Prone Supported Position
Position is 45 degrees off the firing line.
Feet and legs are flat on the ground with the legs relaxed.
Butt of the air rifle in the shoulder close to neck.
Elbows on the ground to support the air rifle.
Support hand under the Forearm.
Trigger hand.
Face firmly against the stock with eye looking straight down the sights.
Direct students to read slide.
Discuss: Each point on the slide.
Ask: Are there any questions with this position.
Address questions accordingly. 47

48. PRONE POSITION CONSISTENCY Left arm is extended elbow is close in,4. 1. 2. 3. 5.
CONSISTENCY
1. Head position
2. Shooting hand
3. Non-shooting hand
4. Rifle butt position
5. Elbow support
Left arm is extended
elbow is close in,
but not the under rifle
Explain that we are now going to look at the prone position. This slide shows the position with the rifle . After we study the position we will move on to the range where we will actually get into the prone position.
Note: Slide shows right handed person, reverse for left handed person.
Body placement degrees to the left of the target.
The spine -- straight with the left leg parallel to the line of the spine. Body line -- the left side of the body (forearm, upper arm, left side of the body, and left leg) is essentially a straight line.
Right leg parallel to the spine with the foot placed naturally on the mat or ground. Right leg and foot -- drawn upward toward the rifle, shifting weight to the left side while raising the diaphragm off the floor or ground to facilitate easier breathing and reduce the effects of the pulse beat transmitted from the stomach.
Left arm is extended fully.
Left elbow is close in, but not under the rifle.
Left wrist straight, fingers relaxed.
Forearm is not less than 30 degrees from the floor.
Head level.
Right elbow -- fully extended and positioned to the right side of the body.
Right wrist straight, fingers gripping stock to support trigger finger.
Spine is
straight
Left leg is parallel
to spine
Head
level
Right leg is
parallel to left leg
Right arm
is extended
elbow is out to the right of the body
Right leg
drawn up

49. STANDING POSITION Head level
Bone structure with the edition of a support object can build a steadier standing position than just using body structure.
Explain that we are now going to look at the standing position. This slide shows the position with the rifle. After we study the position we will move onto the range where we will actually get into the standing position.
Unsupported Standing;
The feet should be placed:
About shoulder width apart.
At a right angle to the target.
With weight equally distributed on both feet.
The back bend is much like how the body bends for balance when carrying a big rock.
When we bend the back, we push the hips forward and relax the shoulders back down into the position.
There may be some discomfort in the small of the back.
The shooters should note that the position makes maximum use of bone support for the rifle. (See diagram on the rifle shooting wall chart.)
The non-shooting elbow rests naturally on the rib cage.
The shooting arm may be out at a slight angle or drop naturally to the side.
Notice that the hand on the forward arm is just forward of the trigger guard.
Elevation is adjusted by moving the hand slightly forward or backward.
Supported position:
Modify the standing position to take advantage of the support available.
Keep the head as level as possible.

50. STANDING POSITION Bone structure for support CONSISTENCY1
Bone structure for support 4. 2 3.
CONSISTENCY
1. Head position
2. Shooting hand
3. Non-shooting hand
4. Rifle butt position
5. Elbow support 5.
Explain that we are now going to look at the standing position. This slide shows the position with the rifle. After we study the position we will move onto the range where we will actually get into the standing position.
Unsupported Standing;
The feet should be placed:
About shoulder width apart.
At a right angle to the target.
With weight equally distributed on both feet.
The back bend is much like how the body bends for balance when carrying a big rock.
When we bend the back, we push the hips forward and relax the shoulders back down into the position.
There may be some discomfort in the small of the back.
The shooters should note that the position makes maximum use of bone support for the rifle. (See diagram on the rifle shooting wall chart.)
The non-shooting elbow rests naturally on the rib cage.
The shooting arm may be out at a slight angle or drop naturally to the side.
Notice that the hand on the forward arm is just forward of the trigger guard.
Elevation is adjusted by moving the hand slightly forward or backward.
Supported position:
Modify the standing position to take advantage of the support available.
Keep the head as level as possible.

51. KNEELING POSITION SUPPORTED KNEELING CONSISTENCY in position
1. Head position
2. Shooting hand
3. Non-shooting hand
4. Rifle butt position
5. Elbow support
Explain that we are now going to look at the kneeling position.
Supported position:
Modify the kneeling position to take advantage of the support available
Keep the head as level as possible.
Bone structure with the addition of a support object
can build a steadier kneeling position than just using body structure.

52. KNEELING POSITION Continued
CONSISTENCY in position
1. Head position
2. Shooting hand
3. Non-shooting hand
4. Rifle butt position
5. Elbow support
SUPPORTED
KNEELING 1. 3. 2.
Explain that we are now going to look at the kneeling position.
The students should note the following:
Position is about degrees to the target.
Left hand and fingers are relaxed.
Flat spot of left elbow rests on flat spot on left knee.
Left arm is relaxed.
Sling is above or below biceps and supports the weight of the rifle.
Sling buckles are located for easy adjustments.
Shoulders are relaxed.
Rifle butt is close to neck to allow head to drop correctly into position.
Right elbow is relaxed and hangs down naturally.
Right wrist is straight.
Right hand has a firm grip to support trigger finger.
Trigger finger falls naturally on the trigger bar (move hand so the finger meets trigger).
Head drops straight forward on the stock, cant rifle to head.
Spot weld or stock weld noted.
Shooting eye is looking out the center of eye socket.
Back is relaxed forward (slumped).
Left foot is flat on the floor and parallel to the right leg.
The toe of the left foot is turned inward to tighten ligaments in the leg.
Left foot is pushed forward to transfer weight to the right knee, kneeling roll under right foot.
Right leg is resting on the kneeling roll for support.
The weight is equally on the right knee, kneeling roll and right toe.
Bone structure with the addition of a support object
can build a steadier kneeling position than just using body structure. 4. 3. 5.

53. Lesson IV: Introduction to Air Rifle Cleaning, Storage, and Training Opportunities
As a result of this lesson, participants will be
able to:
Importance of Cleaning your firearm.
Outline the three safety guidelines to be followed when cleaning an air rifle.
Identify materials needed to clean an air rifle.
Explain and demonstrate how to clean an air rifle safely.
Name the NRA rule for safe firearm storage, and discuss options for applying this rule when storing an air rifle.
Discuss the hygienic guidelines to be followed concerning exposure to airborne particulate lead, or cleaning solvents.
Discuss the benefits of receiving additional air rifle training through the NRA Basic Firearm Training Program.
Direct students to read slide aloud.
LESSON IV. Introduction to Rifle Cleaning, Storage, and Training Opportunities
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: As a result of their participation in this training session, participants will be able to:
Ask Why it is important to clean an air rifle.
Remove metal fouling
Remove rust & crud
Protect the air rifle from rust, corrosion and wear.
Make sure air rifle is correctly assembled and functions properly
LENGTH: 30 Minutes
FACILITY: Classroom or Range
TRAINING AIDS: Air rifle, air rifle owner's manual, cleaning equipment, lockable rifle cases, The Basics of Rifle Shooting handbook, NRA Gun Safety Rules brochure. One per participant of the following: NRA Basics Firearm Training Program brochure, Winchester/NRA Marksmanship Qualification booklet, NRA Basic Practical Rocker and Flyer.
 REFERENCES: The Basics of Rifle Shooting handbook.

54. Importance of Cleaning Purpose of Cleaning
Remove metal fouling
Remove rust & crud
Protect the air rifle from rust, corrosion and wear
Make sure air rifle is correctly assembled and functions properly
Ask Why is it important to clean your air rifle?
Remove lead fouling from the barrel will help maintain accuracy of your rifle.
Proper cleaning will also help maintain the value of your rifle..

55. Air Rifle Cleaning Materials
Gun Oil. (designed for Air Guns)
Clean cloth.
Small brush.
Other materials as indicated by Owners Manual.
Ask: Where will you find information on what materials are need to clean your rifle and how to clean it?
Explain that the Owners Manual has all the information and go over the manual with your students. 55

56. Safety Guidelines While Cleaning
The action must be open
The gun must be unloaded
BB’s and Pellets must not be present in the area
Store pellets to prevent the firearm from being accidently loaded, and possible contamination by gun oil or bore solvent.
Remove any magazine, clip, or other ammunition storage device. Check chamber. Engage safety, if possible.
Leave the action open, as a second level of safety.

57. Air Rifle Cleaning Procedures
Consult your owners manual for the proper cleaning procedure for your air rifle.
Use small brush and solvent to clean other parts and metal surfaces. (Air Gun Solvent only)
Be careful to not get solvent on seals.
Wipe metal parts with a lightly oiled cloth.
Conduct a cleaning practical exercise by having the student/s clean the air rifle under your direction.
If your owner’s manual differs from the slide’s steps, follow the owner manual. 57

58. Hygienic guideline to be followed for exposure to airborne particulate lead, or cleaning solvents
Hygiene Considerations
Avoid eating, drinking or putting anything in you mouth while shooting or cleaning BB/air guns
After shooting and cleaning BB/air guns, wash hands and face with cold water and soap, before eating or drinking.
Change clothes and shower after a shooting session
Ask: What hygienic practices should be followed during and after a shooting, or gun cleaning session?
Explain: The three hygienic guidelines on the slide.

59. Air Rifle Storage NRA Rule: Store guns so they are not accessible to unauthorized persons
LOCK IT UP!
- Lockable gun case or rug
- Trigger lock
Any lockable box
2. Store guns and ammunition separately
Safe
Lock Box
Locking gun case
Ask: How would you store guns so they are not accessible to unauthorized persons?
Lock the gun up in a gun safe.
Be sure to check local or state laws regarding firearms and ammunition storage.
Explain: Ammunition should store separately from the guns in a cool, dry, locked container.

60. THE LOOP SLING
The loop sling takes longer to assume, but adds more support to the position.
Instructor Notes:
The “loop sling” is commonly used in target shooting and can also be used for hunting when sufficient time is available. It takes longer to put on, but provides far more support than the hasty sling.
Use a loop sling in this manner : (The numbers correspond to the pictures on the slide.)
Ensure the rifle is unloaded.
1. Open sling’s loop.
2. Twist loop clockwise one-half turn (right).
Note: How you hold the rifle will determine which way you twist the sling.
3. Place loop high on left arm.
4. Tighten sling’s keeper.
5. Move the left hand from the outside over the sling to your fore-hand, then down between the rifle and the sling.
6. Sling is positioned smoothly across the back on the hand pushing the hand tightly against the fore-end of the rifle.
7. Get into position with sling loosened. Tighten sling so that it holds the rifle in the correct position. (Once the sling is adjusted for length, it should not need to be readjusted each time the shooter gets into position).
Mark the sling so the shooter knows what setting to use next time they shoot.

61. Winchester/NRA Marksmanship Qualification Program
A recreational shooting activity that provides incentive awards for developing and improving marksmanship skills.
Progression is self-paced and scores are challenging but attainable.
Now that you have taught Gun Safety and the shooting positions have your students participate in the Winchester/NRA Marksmanship Qualification Program. Shooters acquire the large discipline patch at the onset of the program and as each rating is earned, they are entitled to all of the corresponding awards for the rating. Each rating level has a skill rocker, medal, and certificate award that recognizes and highlights the achievement.
The courses of fire in the qualification program are designed to take shooters from beginning skill levels (Pro-Marksman, Marksman) through intermediate levels (Marksman 1st Class, Sharpshooter, Expert) up to a nationally recognized skill level -- Distinguished Expert -- the pinnacle of the program. By the time a shooter completes the Distinguished Expert rating, he or she has attained a proficiency level paralleling that of a competitively classified Sharpshooter
Awards All awards, Pro-Marksman through Distinguished Expert, can be ordered directly from the NRA Program Materials Center by the shooter or the program administrator. Awards should be ordered in advance so they are available as soon as the rating is earned -- instant recognition. Ordering in advance also saves additional shipping fees.

62. Lesson Conclusion WHAT ARE YOUR QUESTIONS?
Present the Home Course Instructions Air Rifle Completion Certificate.
Thank you for participating in the firearms training programs of the National Rifle Association.

63. Air Rifle 3-Position
In the American Rifleman Qualification Course, air rifle shooters have two courses to choose from.
American Rifleman 3-Position Aggregate Course
American Rifleman 3-Position Stage Skill Course

64. Next Steps Additional Training
NRA Basic Rifle and Pistol Training Program Site
Additional NRA Opportunities
National Rifle Association Membership
Other shooting Activities
Winchester/NRA Marksmanship Qualification Program
Visit each of the web site.