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jUANDE zORNOZA jORNADAS ific – 20 de ENERO 2017
ANTARES-KM3nEt jUANDE zORNOZA jORNADAS ific – 20 de ENERO 2017
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UPV and UGR also part of ANTARES and KM3NeT
ANTARES – KM3NeT **Juanjo Hernández-Rey (Profesor de Investigación CSIC) Juan Zúñiga (Profesor Titular UV) Ramón Cases (Profesor Titular UV) *Juande Zornoza (Ramón y Cajal) Alexis Coleiro (Postdoc-S8A) Javier Barrios (Atracció de Talent) Christoph Tönnis (Grisolía) Moritz Lotze (Grisolía) Giulia Illuminati (FPI-S8A) Diego Real (Projecto) David Calvo (Personal Técnico de Apoyo) faculty tenure track postdoc PhD students engineers * PI, ** co-PI UPV and UGR also part of ANTARES and KM3NeT
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History of phd theses in the group
“Search for high energy cosmic muon neutrinos from variable gamma-ray sources and time calibration of the optical modules of the ANTARES telescope”, Agustín Sánchez Losa, GNN prize awarded by APPEC “Characterization of the optical properties at the ANTARES site using the Optical Beacon system. Influence on the detector performance”, Harold Yepes Ramírez, 2014. “Time calibration and search for cosmic sources of high energy neutrinos with the ANTARES neutrino telescope”, Juan Pablo Gómez González, 2013. “Time Calibration and Point Source Analysis with the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope”, Francisco Salesa Greus, Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado. “Search algorithms for point-like cosmic neutrino sources and the optical beacon calibration system of ANTARES”, Juan Antonio Aguilar Sánchez, 2008, “Sensitivity to diffuse fluxes and energy spectrum reconstruction in the Antares neutrino telescope”, Juan de Dios Zornoza Gómez, 2005. “Study of the event reconstruction and expected performances for point-like sources of the future ANTARES neutrino telescope", Emilliano Carmona Flores, 2003.
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tracking of former members
PhD Students Agustín Sánchez Postdoc at INFN (Bari) Harold Yepes Permanent position at University Antonio Nariño (Colombia) Paco Salesa Postdoc at IFJ-PAN (Krakow) Juanan Aguilar Professor at ULB/VUB (Brussels) Emiliano Carmona Private company (Munich) Postdocs Guillaume Lambard Proj. Asist. Prof. at the Institute of Statistical Mathematics (Japan) Ciro Bigongiari Postdoc at INAF (Torino) Salvatore Mangano Postoc at CIEMAT (Madrid) Umberto Emanuele Private company (Amsterdam) Damien Dornic Tenure at CPPM (Marseilles) Simona Toscano Postdoc at KU Leuven (Brussels) Engineers Fernando Urbano Private company (Valencia) Víctor Roca Private company (Valencia)
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Neutrino sources Big Bang = 330 / cm3 E = 0.0004 eV
(1 MeV = 1.6 x 10-13J) AGNs/GRBs/others? E-2Earth 10-8 GeV/ cm2s sr E 100 TeV – PeV SN1987 EMeV Sun e Earth = 6 x 1010 / cm2s E 0.1 – 20 MeV Atmospheric neutrinos e,,e, 1 /cm2s E0.1– 100 GeV - - Human body = 340 x 106/day Nuclear reactors few MeV Terrestrial radioactivity 6 x 106/cm2s Accelerators E – 30 GeV _ F. Halzen
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Scientific Scope Origin of cosmic rays
Hadronic vs. leptonic signatures Neutrino mass hierarchy Dark matter Detector size Limitation at high energies: Fast decreasing fluxes E-2, E-3 Limitation at low energies: -Short muon range -Low light yield -40K (in water) Supernovae Oscillations-Mass hierarchy Dark matter Astrophysical neutrinos GZK MeV GeV TeV PeV EeV Detector density Other physics: monopoles, nuclearites, Lorentz invariance, etc...
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main research topics ANTARES KM3NeT Other things Point-like sources
Dark matter Time calibration Multi-messenger KM3NeT Design of electronic boards (Neutrino mass hierarchy) (Multi-messenger) Other things Review of Particle Physics (J.J. Hernández-Rey) (+ site characterization + detector elements characterization + detector layout optimization)
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ANTARES time line 2004: Main electro-optical cable deployed
2006: first line deployed 2007: five lines deployed 2008: completed 2017: decommissioning
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Cosmic fluxes Kowalksi, Neutrino 2016, adapted from L. Mohrmann
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“IFIC” papers Published papers with IFIC corresponding authors Limits on Dark Matter Annihilation in the Sun using the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope, Physics Letters B, Volume 759 First combined search for neutrino point-sources in the Southern Hemisphere with the ANTARES and IceCube neutrino telescopes, The Astrophysical Journal 823 (2016) 65 Time calibration with atmospheric muon tracks in ANTARES, Astroparticle Physics78 (2016) 43-51 Search for muon neutrino emission from GeV and TeV gamma-ray flaring blazars using 5 years of the ANTARES Telescope, JCAP12(2015)014, Searches for Point-like and Extended Neutrino Sources Close to the Galactic Center Using the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 786:L5, 2014 First results on dark matter annihilation in the Sun using the ANTARES neutrino telescope, JCAP11 (2013)032. Search for cosmic neutrino point sources with four year data of the ANTARES telescope. (The Astrophysical Journal 760:53(2012)) Measurement of the group velocity of light in sea water at the ANTARES site. Astropart. Phys. 35 (2012) A method for detection of muon induced electromagnetic showers with the ANTARES detector, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A675 (2012) 56-62 First search for point sources of high energy cosmic neutrinos with the ANTARES neutrino telescope, Astrophys. J. Lett. 743 (2011) L14-L19 Time calibration of the ANTARES neutrino telescope, Astropart. Phys. 34 (2011) The Antares optical beacon system, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 578 (2007) Study of large hemispherical photomultiplier tubes for the ANTARES neutrino telescope, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 555 (2005) Recently-sent papers with IFIC corresponding authors Time-dependent search for neutrino emission from x-ray binaries with the ANTARES telescope, arXiv: Results from the search for dark matter in the Milky Way with 9 years of data of the ANTARES neutrino telescope, arXiv: Preparation “legacy” papers on point sources and dark matter with all the data ANTARES is foreseen
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selected physics results: Point sources
First all-flavour search (tracks and cascades). Data from 2007 to 2015 Javier Barrios Highlights: Primer análisis de fuentes puntuales donde se usan tanto las trazas (lo clásico) como las casdadas. En el hielo (IceCube) las cascadas tienen una resolución angular muy mala, pero en el agua (ANTARES, KM3NeT) es acceptable, con lo que se añade algo de señal Estamos terminando el artículo con datos , a cargo del grupo del IFIC A Agustín le dieron el premio GNN a su tesis sobre correlaciones entre sucesos de ANTARES y fuentes de rayos X y rayos gamma Most significant cluster: (, )=(-16.25o, o) P-value=5.9% 1.9 No statistically significant excess flux limits set (best of Southern Hemisphere
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combined analysis Highlighted in ICRC 2015
First ANTARES+IceCube joint analysis (J. Barrios) Improvement in sensitivity up to a factor two in intermediate declinations “First combined search for neutrino point-sources in the Southern Hemisphere with the ANTARES and IceCube neutrino telescopes”, The Astrophysical Journal 823 (2016) 65 Highlighted in ICRC 2015 Updated analysis in preparation
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transient sources Search for correlations with variable gamma and X-ray sources Sources:AGNs, Crab PWN, X-ray binaries Detectors: Fermi-LAT, Rossi, Swift, HESS, MAGIC... Neutrino telescopes have a large field of view (half the sky) and duty time (almost 100%) Perfect studies on transient sources Agustín Sánchez Losa’s PhD thesis was awarded with the Global Neutrino Network Prize, sponsored by APPEC
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selected results: Dark matter
New DM limits for the Sun and GC (Christoph Tönnis) Sun Galactic Centre Neutrino telescopes are the best tool for probing spin dependent cross section A signal from the Sun would be a smoking-gun For the Galactic Centre, ANTARES has the best limits for masses above ~30 TeV (and better than IceCube for all masses) JCAP 5 (2016) 016 arXiv: Somos los que llevamos el tema de dark matter en ANTARES y los resultados son muy buenos, según se cuenta Nuestro paper de 2013 tiene 66 citas (“well known paper”) Our old paper (IFIC made) on the subject (2013) has 66 cites on HEP-INSPIRES! ("well known paper") Juande Zornoza is the Dark matter and Exotic Physics Coordinator
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KM3NeT KM3NeT is a common project to construct neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean with an instrumented volume of several cubic kilometers It will also be a platform for experiments on sea science, oceanography, geophysics, etc. 240 groups of Astroparticle Physics and Sea Science from 12 countries are involved New groups very welcome! SKA Prototype lines installed The first two KM3NeT lines are already installed in water
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Km3net Phases Phase 1: Phase 2.0:
Already funded 31 lines (24 in Italy, 7 in France)to be deployed in Proof of feasibility and first science results Phase 2.0: ARCA (Astroparticle Research with Cosmic Rays) Test IceCube signal Italy 2x115 lines Sparse configuration ORCA (Oscillation Research with Cosmic Rays) Mass ordering (and DM) France 115 lines Dense configuration PHASE 3: final configuration 6x115 lines (in total) Neutrino astronomy including Galactic sources
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ORCA and ARCA Same technology ARCA ORCA 1 km 1 km 200 m France Italy
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Km3net status Detector deployment Two lines in operation
Data are being taken successfully Next lines to be deployed soon Phase 1 (31 lines in total) to be completed in about 1½ year In just two years of Phase I, better limits than all data of ANTARES up to now
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km3net performance 0.1 degree accuracy! All flavor astronomy! Tracks
Cascades All flavor astronomy! Angular resolution Energy resolution
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ARCA Very quickly: confirmation of IceCube signal
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ORCA Neutrino mass ordering: quick (and cheap!)
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KM3NeT: lab@IFIC At IFIC’s labs:
Phase 1: Readout (TDCs) firmware produced Phase 2: Main board designed Diego Real, KM3NeT Electronics Coordinator Juande Zornoza, Coordinator of Time Calibration
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KM3net @ ific lab Coordination of the electronics group of KM3NeT
Phase 1 Design of the Central Logic Board v2 Development of the firmware for the TDCs and State Machine for the front-end. Prototype tests Commissioning of the first lines of the experiment (electronics part related) Development of the nanobeacon (time calibration device) White Rabbit protocol (deterministic Ethernet) integration in KM3NeT Phase 2 Design of the Central Logic Board & Power Board v3 Development of the schematics of both boards Participation on the general timing architecture modifications
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“Its scientific case is evaluated ‘very high’ and its maturity ‘high’”
esfri roadmap list “Its scientific case is evaluated ‘very high’ and its maturity ‘high’” Mandate by the European Commission KM3NeT 2.0 included in the ESFRI Roadmap for scientific infrastructures on pan-European interest Only three new infrastructures in Physics and Engineering in 2016: KM3NeT 2.0, CTA, EST Strong political support from at least two countries is now a must; physics case is a necessary but not sufficient condition anymore The Spanish FPA Committee for infrastructures (CIFPA) has given a positive report (with input from outside evaluators) Critical for funding by national agencies
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FUNDING European National Regional Prometeo (since 2009)
H2020: InfraDeV FP7: “Preparatory Phase” FP6: “Design study” Marie Curie Program (ITN: under evaluation) National FPA (since 2001) INNPACTO Consolider Severo Ochoa AIC ICTS (Infraestructuras Científico-tecnológicas PICS and other IN2P3 and INFN agreements Regional Prometeo (since 2009) GVPre (Precompetitive projects)
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Master/Diploma Theses:
training Master/Diploma Theses: “Analysis of flares on transient sources using SWIFT/XRT, SWIFT/BAT and RXTE/ASM for neutrino detection in the ANTARES telescope “, Javier Barrios Martí, Master Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València , July 2012. “Developing an automate procedure for the time calibration of the Antares Neutrino Telescope", Agustín Sánchez Losa, Master Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València, December 2010. “Optical properties on the ANTARES site. MC vs data”, Joaquín Ruiz-Rivas Onjes, Master Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València, December 2010. “Calibración temporal del telescopio de neutrinos ANTARES”, Juan Pablo Gómez González, Master Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València , September 2009, “Evolución temporal y estimación de la longitud de atenuación efectiva de la luz en el telescopio de neutrinos ANTARES”, H. Yepes Ramírez, Master Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València , July 2008 “Integration and first results of the optical beacon calibration system of the ANTARES neutrino telescope ”, F. Salesa Greus, Diploma Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València, September 2006. “Study of the performances of several layouts and geometries for the future ANTARES neutrino telescope”, J.A. Aguilar Sánchez, Diploma thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València, July 2004 “Characterization of two Photomultiplier Models and Study by Monte Carlo simulation of several Calibration Systems based on Optical Beacons for the ANTARES detector”, J.D. Zornoza Gómez, Diploma thesis, Universitat de València, Marzo 2001 “Estudio de fotomultiplicadores de gran fotocátodo para el telescopio submarino de neutrinos ANTARES”, E. Carmona Flores, Diploma Thesis, Sobresaliente, Universitat de València, November 1999. Xiabo Li – Student from the École Superieur d’ Ingénieurs de Luminy, he made his undergraduate thesis (final year dissertation) in our group. Tamara de Ara, Prácticas de Introducción a la Investigación (S8A) Faye Lovelock, Erasmus student from Imperial College (2016) Liam Quinn, Erasmus student from Imperial College (2014) Cecilio García Physics undergraduate, he made a stage in our group in 2015 through the JAE-Intro programme (beca de Introducción a la Investigación del programa Junta de Ampliación de Estudios del CSIC). Ibles Olcina Samblás Physics undergraduate, he made a stage in our group in 2015 through the JAE-Intro programme (beca de Introducción a la Investigación del programa Junta de Ampliación de Estudios del CSIC). Mireia Crispín Ortúzar – – Physics undergraduate, he made a stage in our group in 2009 through the JAE-Intro programme (beca de Introducción a la Investigación del programa Junta de Ampliación de Estudios del CSIC). Bernat Josep Olivera Esteve – Physics undergraduate, he made a stage in our group in 2009 through the JAE-Intro programme (beca de Introducción a la Investigación del programa Junta de Ampliación de Estudios del CSIC). Celia María Pacheco Moreno – Physics undergraduate, he made a stage in our group in 2009 through the JAE-Intro programme (beca de Introducción a la Investigación del programa Junta de Ampliación de Estudios del CSIC). Carlos Llongo March – Student of Telematics Engineering at the University of Valencia. He made his undergraduate thesis (final year dissertation) in our group Alberto Pérez García – Technician (FP2-CFGS) he worked one year with us and then went to the Instituto Astrofísico de Granada and later on to JRC-Ispra hired by Lainsa/Iberinco. Alejandro Grau Jornet - Student of Telematics Engineering at the University of Valencia. He made his undergraduate thesis (final year dissertation) in our group Sergiy Nizhelovskiy – Undergraduate of Computing Science (Ingeniería Informática) in the University of Valencia. He made his undergraduate thesis (final year dissertation) in our group Maria Lizondo Gisbert She made a stage as undergraduate in our group (becario de colaboración del Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear de la Universidad de Valencia, 2010) and summer student of the MultiDark Project (2010). Elena Marimon Muñoz – She made a stage as undergraduate in our group (becario de colaboración del Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear de la Universidad de Valencia, 2010) and summer student of the MultiDark Project (2010). Miguel González Pinto – Undergraduate in the University of Sevilla. Summer student in our group funded by the Consolider MultiDark Project (2010). Patricia Fernández Martínez - Summer student in our group funded by the Consolider MultiDark Project (2011). Miguel Giner Sala – He made a stage as undergraduate in our group (becario de colaboración del Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear de la Universidad de Valencia, 2007). Javier Barrios Martí - Summer student in our group funded by the Consolider MultiDark Project (2011). Ricardo Álvaro Blanco – Traineeship in Companies (Practicas en empresa), Ingeniero Técnico Telecomunicaciones especialidad sistemas electrónicos Ricardo Álvaro Blanco - Traineeship in Companies (Practicas en empresa), 2011 and undergraduate thesis (final year dissertation) in our group Ingeniero Técnico Telecomunicaciones especialidad sistemas electrónicos. Alejandro Fernández Orts - Traineeship in Companies (Practicas en empresa), 2011 and undergraduate thesis (final year dissertation) in our group Ingeniero Técnico Telecomunicaciones especialidad sistemas electrónicos. Miguel Sanchís Hernandez – Traineeship in Companies (Practicas en empresa), Ingeniero Técnico Telecomunicaciones especialidad sistemas electrónicos. Josep Añó Golp: Traineeship in Companies (Practicas en empresa), 2012 and undergraduate thesis in our group 2012 (ongoing). Ingeniero Técnico Telecomunicaciones especialidad sistemas electrónicos. Summary 7 PhD theses 11 Master/Diploma theses 5 TFGs 4 JAE Intro students 5 MultiDark summer students 2 Erasmus students 4 “Estancias de Investigación” of theoreticians 8 Traineeships by engineers
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MultiDark (Consolider)
responsibilities ANTARES Deputy spokesperson (J.J. Hernández-Rey) Point Source Working Group coordinator (J.D. Zornoza) Dark Matter Working Group coordinator (J.D. Zornoza) Time calibration in ANTARES (J.J. Hernández-Rey, J.D. Zornoza) Conference Committee (J.D. Zornoza, chairman) Publication Committee (J.J. Hernández-Rey, J.D. Zornoza) KM3NeT Electronics in KM3NeT (D. Real) Time Calibration in KM3NeT (J. D. Zornoza) Publication Committee (J.D. Zornoza) GNN Panel (J.J. Hernández-Rey) MultiDark (Consolider) Deputy Principal Investigator (J.H. Hernández-Rey) Neutrinos and UHECRs Working Group Coordinator (J.D. Zornoza)
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outreach Visits by students (J. Zúñiga, J. Barrios, C. Tönnis, G. Illuminati) Expociencia (J. Zúñiga, J. Barrios, C. Tönnis, J.D. Zornoza) Talks in High Schools CPAN (J.D. Zornoza) Blog IFIC (J.D. Zornoza)
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KM3NeT time line determination of neutrino mass ordering confirmation
of IC signal start KM3NeT 2.0 open access user ports ERIC construction operation 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
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Letter of Intent Letter of Intent for Phase 2 published in J.Phys.Nucl. Part. Phys. 43 (2016) Well defined designed and performance Essential input for funding requests in national agencies Se ha terminado la Letter of Intent para la Fase 2, que se presentó al Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee Muestra que podríamos medir la jerarquía de masas de los neutrinos a tres sigmas en tres años y que podemos confirmar la señal de IceCube en un año (4 sigmas) Se ha incluido a KM3NeT en el Roadmap ESFRI de infraestructuras científicas prioritarias (de física solo están CTA y EST además) Strong political support from at least two countries is now a must; physics case is a necessary but not sufficient condition anymore) Informe postivo del CIFPA, basado en evaluadores externos
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Conclusions Coherent history in the group
Good visibility in ANTARES and KM3NeT Physics (point sources, dark matter) Time calibration Responsibilities Neutrino astronomy: new window! Good prospects Active fund search (European, national, regional)
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