1. Blood transfusion complications Infectious & non infectious
Dr.Khanaliha _2017

2. the noninfectious hazards or risks have gained attention
NONINFECTIOUS RISKS
OF BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
In fact,
the noninfectious hazards or risks have gained attention
partly because of the decrease in risk for infectious
complications such as hepatitis and human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infection.

3. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO):
excessive
administration of blood.
Patients with cardiopulmonary
disease, renal failure, and extremes of age (i.e.,
especially infants; see also Chapter 93) are especially
vulnerable.
decreasing the rate of infusion,
administration of diuretics may be helpful.

4. Transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM):
suppress the immune system
because of circulating lymphocytes.
transplant outcomes
the effects on malignancy and infection are
not clear

5. Chimerism refers to more than one cell line in an individual organism.
Microchimerism:
Chimerism refers to more than one
cell line in an individual organism.
. Specifically, donor
lymphocytes may persist in a patient.
pregnancy, transplant, and trauma.
The outcome
of patients with microchimerism is not known.

6. Posttransfusion purpura:
recipient alloantibodies
attacking donor platelet antigens
treated with intravenous immunoglobulin.

7. Hypotensive transfusion reactions:
Activation of the
coagulation pathway activates production of bradykinin
and allergic reactions.

8. Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD):
this refers to transfusion into
an immunocompromised host.
extremely
serious and often fatal problem

9. Other complications Iron overload: Transfusion-related AKI.
trOoOther
Transfusion-related AKI.
Undertransfusion and overtransfusion:
Alloimmunization ) in 2-8% chronically recipient)
Iron overload:
HLA alloimmunization and human platelet antigen
(HPA) alloimmunization:

12. “avoidance of unnecessary transfusions will be the most
effective way to reduce complications of blood transfusions.”

13. TRANSFUSION-TRANSMITTED INFECTION
The use of more sensitive screening tests and changes
in transfusion medicine practices has made these infectious
risks quite rare.
demand for autologous
blood has decreased
The changes in blood transfusion testing

15. HEPATITIS Ninety percent of posttransfusion hepatitis is
Fatigue (67%)
• Hepatomegaly (67%)
• Chronic hepatitis (23%)
• Chronic active hepatitis (51%)
• Hepatocellular carcinoma (11%)
It was found that 20 patients had died of the following:
• Complications of cirrhosis (8 patients)
• Hepatocellular carcinoma (11 patients)
• Chronic active hepatitis-pneumonia (1 patient)
Ninety percent of posttransfusion hepatitis is
caused by the hepatitis C
donors from large cities
have a more frequent incidence of the hepatitis virus).

16. CYTOMEGALOVIRUS the primary concern is recipients who
are at risk because of pregnancy (multiple), immaturity, or
immunosuppression.
Asymptomatic chronic infection
infectious mononucleosis–like syndrome that can occur 1
to 2 months after open-heart surgery is known as the postperfusion
syndrome or posttransfusion mononucleosis.
The risk for seroconversion is
approximately 0.14% overall,
Plasma components, such as FFP and cryoprecipitate,
components from seronegative donors,

18. OTHER TRANSFUSION-ASSOCIATED INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Y. enterocolitica is a bacterium that can cause
mostly mild gastrointestinal problems.
Posttransfusion syphilis with blood product that stored in room tempratures
Malaria blood banksdonors for history of travel or migrationfrom areas where malaria is endemic.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease