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FIG. 1. H<sub>2</sub>S contents in plasma and myocardial tissue were measured by the Methylene Blue method (A, B). Representative immunoblots and densitometric.

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Presentation on theme: "FIG. 1. H<sub>2</sub>S contents in plasma and myocardial tissue were measured by the Methylene Blue method (A, B). Representative immunoblots and densitometric."— Presentation transcript:

1 FIG. 1. H<sub>2</sub>S contents in plasma and myocardial tissue were measured by the Methylene Blue method (A, B). Representative immunoblots and densitometric analysis of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) (C, D). *P < 0.05, versus Control; **P < 0.05, versus CS (n = 5). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

2 FIG. 2. Echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular structure (A) and function (B, C). LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVPWT: left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS: left ventricular fractional shortening; E: peak velocity of early ventricular filling; A: peak velocity of transmitral flow during atrial contraction. *P < 0.05, versus Control; **P < 0.05, versus CS (n = 10). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

3 FIG. 3. Left ventricular tissue sections were stained with Masson’s trichrome and collagen volume fractions were measured (A). Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative analysis of types I and III collagen in left ventricular tissue (B, C). *P < 0.05, versus Control; **P < 0.05, versus CS. From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

4 FIG. 4. Measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (A), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities (B, C), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in myocardial tissue (D). *P < 0.05, versus Control; **P < 0.05, versus CS (n = 10). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

5 FIG. 5. Detection of Nrf2-ARE binding activity by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (A). Representative immunoblots and densitometric analysis of Nrf2 in the nucleus and cytosol (B) and its downstream targets HO-1 and NQO1 (C). *P < 0.05, versus Control; **P < 0.05, versus CS (n = 5). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

6 FIG. 6. Western blot analysis of nuclear Nrf2 protein in NRCMs (A)
FIG. 6. Western blot analysis of nuclear Nrf2 protein in NRCMs (A). Pre-conditioning of NRCMs with NaHS reduced CSC-induced oxidative stress; Nrf2 siRNA-transfected cells exposed to NaHS and CSC exhibited increased ROS production (B). NRCMs: neonatal rat cardiomyocytes; CSC: cigarette smoke condensate; ROS: reactive oxygen species. *P < 0.05, versus cells treated with normal culture medium; **P < 0.05, versus cells treated with CSC; <sup>#</sup>P < 0.05, versus cells treated with CSC and NaHS (n = 5). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

7 FIG. 7. PI3K activity in myocardial tissue was measured by ELISA (A)
FIG. 7. PI3K activity in myocardial tissue was measured by ELISA (A). Representative immunoblots and densitometric analysis of Akt phosphorylation in myocardium (B). *P < 0.05, versus Control; **P < 0.05, versus CS (n = 5). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

8 FIG. 8. PI3K activity in NRCMs was detected by ELISA (A)
FIG. 8. PI3K activity in NRCMs was detected by ELISA (A). Western blot analysis of Akt phosphorylation in NRCMs (B). Nrf2 protein expression was increased in cells treated with CSC and NaHS and decreased in PI3K siRNA-transfected cells exposed to CSC and NaHS (C). PI3K siRNA-transfected cells pre-conditioned with NaHS prior to CSC exposure exhibited increased ROS production (D). NRCMs, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes; CSC, cigarette smoke condensate; ROS, reactive oxygen species. *P < 0.05, versus cells treated with normal culture medium; **P < 0.05, versus cells treated with CSC; <sup>#</sup>P < 0.05, versus cells treated with CSC and NaHS (n = 5). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

9 FIG. 9. Western blot analysis of GSK3β phosphorylation (A) and Fyn nuclear expression (B) in NRCMs. NaHS significantly increased phosphorylation levels of GSK3β and decreased nuclear localization of Fyn in NRCMs exposed to CSC. Akt siRNA-transfected NRCMs exposed to CSC and NaHS exhibited reduced GSK3β phosphorylation and elevated Fyn nuclear expression. NRCMs, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes; CSC, cigarette smoke condensate. *P < 0.05, versus cells treated with normal culture medium; **P < 0.05, versus cells treated with CSC; <sup>#</sup>P < 0.05, versus cells treated with CSC and NaHS (n = 5). From: Antioxidant Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Smoking Rats Are Mediated via PI3K/Akt-Dependent Activation of Nrf2 Toxicol Sci. 2014;144(1): doi: /toxsci/kfu272 Toxicol Sci | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

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