2. Let’s Review…..Churchill’s Speech
“A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately light by the Allied victory. Nobody knows what Soviet Russia and its Communist international organization intends to do in the immediate future, or what are the limits, if any, to their expansive and proselytizing tendencies”
“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and, in some cases, increasing measure of control from Moscow”
“The Communist parties, which were very small in all these Eastern States of Europe, have been raised to pre-eminence and power far beyond their numbers and are seeking everywhere to obtain totalitarian control. Police governments are prevailing in nearly every case, and so far, except in Czechoslovakia, there is no true democracy”

3. Notes # ____________________ Date: _____________________
2nd Red Scare
Notes # ____________________
Date: _____________________

4. A Brief Timeline of issues
1946
Stalin provides money to Greek and Turkish Communists to force change in power structures
1947
Truman Doctrine-U.S. supplies money to fight against totalitarian regimes
1948
East Berlin cut off from rest of City and Country by Stalin
1949
Creation of NATO to confront aggression against European/US States
Communist Revolution in China
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg sell secrets of the bomb to the Soviets; executed for high treason
1950
Alger Hiss, long-time U.S. diplomat accused of hiding microfilm in a hollowed-out pumpkin; accused of treason
Korean Conflict; 1st major military conflict of the Cold War

8. Korean Conflict
Ancient country the size of Mississippi located opposite of Japan
Country had been divided since the end of World War II
Division was the 38th Parallel
Free elections held in the South-seen as a protégé of America in terms of democracy
Puppet government set up in the North by the Soviets and Chinese
North attacked the South for control
All of a sudden, this little island is vital to our national security- policy of containment
BUT, called “the forgotten war” and didn’t register for many Americans
Actually was called a police action, because Truman never asked for a declaration

11. McCarthy & Nixon Senate Hearings
House Un-American Activities Committee
A junior Senator from Wisconsin
Lied about his wartime record, smeared his opponents, drank to excess
Found some old documents dealing with Communist spies
Created celebrated hearings that destroyed lives
Freshman Congressman from California
Excellent debator but charm-free
Went after Alger Hiss- everything Nixon hated
Went after Communists because it gave him power
In 1956, became V.P to Eisenhower

14. McCarran Internal Security Act
Passed in 1950, it required ALL Communist organizations to register with the U.S. Attorney General
These organizations had to turn over all membership lists
Members were investigated for “Un-American” activities
Many members lost their jobs and could be “un- naturalized” as American citizens

16. 2nd Red Scare A sense of conspiracy soon developed
The CIA had been created after WWII and was now in the spy business
All Federal Employees were checked for signs of disloyalty
Many organizations began to be black-listed as subversive
Hearings broadcast on TV and many people had their reputations ruined overnight
There WERE Communist spies everywhere BUT a feeling of fear was everywhere