1. Welcome to Epi-pen and Glucagon Training

2. Epi-Pen Purpose Inhibiting anaphylaxis related to an allergy
What is anaphylaxis?
a rapidly developing and serious allergic reaction that affects several areas of the body at one time.

3. Common Triggers for Anaphylaxis
Insect stings
Foods: peanuts, tree nuts, milk, eggs, shellfish, food additives, chocolate (to name a few)
Medications
Unknown cause

4. Common Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis
Skin: hives, itchy rash, extremity swelling
Lips: itching, tingling, burning, swelling
Head and neck: swelling of tongue, mouth, throat, hoarseness, hacking cough, itching/tightening of throat.

5. Signs and Symptoms continued…
GI: abdominal cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea
Lungs: repetitive cough, wheezing, SOB
Heart: thready or unobtainable pulse; low BP, fainting; pale, blue or grey skin.

6. Treatment
Administer epinephrine via auto injector immediately.

7. Auto Injector
1. Grasp the auto injector in one hand and form fist around it. With free hand, pull off the safety cap.
2. Hold the tip of the auto injector near the outer thigh
3. Press firmly and hold the tip into the outer thigh so that the auto injector is perpendicular to the thigh.

8. 4. Hold the auto injector in place for 10-15 seconds.
5. Remove the auto injector from thigh and massage the injection site for a few seconds.
6. Check the tip – needle should be exposed.
7. Give expended auto injector to the paramedics.

9. What do I do now? Call 911 immediately!
Contact parents or emergency contacts.
Epinephrine only lasts minutes. Watch carefully for signs of no breathing or pulse. Start CPR in this circumstance.

10. Diabetes
Type 1: (Juvenile Diabetes) the body does not produce insulin.
Type 2: Either the body does not produce enough insulin or the body ignores the insulin that is produced.
Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to use glucose for energy.

11. Blood Glucose Monitoring
After washing your hands, insert a test strip into your meter.
Use your lancing device on the side of your fingertip to get a drop of blood.
Touch and hold the edge of the test strip to the drop of blood, and wait for the result.
Your blood glucose level will appear on the meter's display.

12. Glucagon Purpose To counteract severe low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
Causes: Too little food, too much insulin or diabetes medicine or extra activity.
Onset: sudden, may progress to insulin shock.

13. Hypoglycemia

14. What do I do? Notify the school nurse or diabetes personnel.
Never send a student without an escort.
Stay with the student.
Offer reassurance. “It’s going to be OK”

15. Treatment – Mild or Moderate
Student may or may not treat self
Provide quick sugar source.
3- 4 glucose tablets or
4 ox juice
6 oz. regular soda
3 teaspoons of glucose gel
Wait minutes
Repeat food if symptoms persist
Follow with a snack of CHO and protein (cheese and crackers)

16. Treatment - Severe Do not give anything by mouth.
Position on side, if possible.
Contact school nurse or delegate and 911.
Administer glucagon – used to increase blood glucose levels.
Contact parent/guardian.
Stay with student.
Provide quick sugar source once awake
Follow with a snack of CHO and Protein.

17. Glucagon Administration
Initial assessment of symptoms
Do not leave alone
Position the student on his side.
Remove the cap from the glass vial.
Pull the needle cover off the syringe.
Insert the needle into vial and inject liquid.
Shake to dissolve.

18. Glucagon Admin continued…
8. Withdraw the glucagon solution back into the syringe and remove the needle from vial.
9. Check for aid bubbles in the syringe, tap any bubbles to the top and push plunger until air is removed.
10. Insert the needle at a 90 degree angle and inject the glucagon into a large muscle.
11. Withdraw the needle and apply slight pressure to the injection site.

19. Glucagon Admin continued…
12. Keep student positioned on his side.
13. Remain with the student until EMS assumes control.

20. Thank you for coming!