1. Plate Tectonics

2. PROOF or it didn’t happen…
EVIDENCE #3
Most features on land and in the ocean are the result of geological activity and earthquakes along plate boundaries (where the pieces meet).
The exact patterns depend on HOW the plates are moving… together – apart – or sliding.

3. Changes in Landform areas over Geologic Time Summary
As the plates continued to __move__ and split___ apart, oceans___ were formed, landmasses____ collided and split apart until the Earth’s landmasses came to be in the positions they are now;
Evidence of these landmass collisions and splits comes from fossils, landform shape, features, and rock structures, and climate change.
Landmass changes can occur at hot spots within ______Lithospheric____ plates;
Earth’s landmasses_ will continue to move and change during the geologic time of the future.

4. What else do we know?
The plates are still moving!! Though they move VERY SLOWLY  between 1-10 centimeters per year

5. What else do we know?
There are places within the lithosphere where magma rises and leaks through the crust This is called a HOT SPOT and is where volcanic activity occurs. HOTSPOTS are how the Hawaiian islands were formed!!

6. REVIEW CHECK
Where are the Tectonic plates located? What part of the Earth do they float on? How do they move?

7. Plate Boundaries Boundaries
Plates float on the upper mantle (Asthenosphere) They move due to Convection Currents
The edges of the different plates meet at lines called
Boundaries
At the border of plate boundaries are….
FAULTS—breaks or cracks in the Earth’s crust

8. Types of Boundaries
There are 3 different types of boundaries that occur because of their different movement
Convergent Boundaries
Divergent Boundaries
Transform Boundaries

9. Convergent Boundaries
WHAT IS A CONVERGENT BOUNDARY? WHEN ______2__________ PLATES COME TOGETHER AND ____COLLIDE__________.
KEY WORD: ______COLLIDE______
ILLUSTRATION BELOW
CRUST
CRUST

10. What happens when they hit?
The DENSITY of the crustal plates colliding determines if either…
A) One plate goes under the other
B) The plates rise up
Either way…. An Earthquake can always (and often does) occur when two plates interact

11. Collisions
PREDICTION TIME: Basalt (what Oceanic Crust is made out of) is more dense than Continental Crust.
What do you think will happen to the plate that is MORE dense?

12. THE ACTIVITY DEPENDS UPON THE TYPES OF ___CRUST_______.
More dense _OCEANIC_____ plate slides under less dense _CONTINENTAL_____ plate or another _____OCEANIC___ plate which is called the __SUBDUCTION ZONE___.

13. SUBDUCTION ZONE
Subduction is a way of recycling the oceanic crust. Eventually the subducting slab sinks down into the mantle to be recycled. It is for this reason that the oceanic crust is much younger than the continental crust which is not recycled.

14. COVERGENT BOUNDARY COLLISIONS
THERE ARE ____3______ TYPES OF COLLISIONS FOR THE CONVERGENT BOUNDARY.

15. CONTINENTAL-OCEANIC COLLISION (CO)
FORMS WHEN CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC PLATE COLLIDES CREATING A ___SUBDUCTION ZONE____ AS THE OCEANIC (MORE DENSE & THINNER CRUST) SUBDUCTS OR SINKS BELOW THE CONTINENTAL CRUST.

16. SUBDUCTION ZONE CRUST INVOLVED: OCEANIC & CONTINENTAL
MOVEMENT: More dense plate (Oceanic) slides under or sinks below the less dense Continental plate.
FORCE/STRESS ON THE ROCK: Compression (push or squeeze rocks)
FAULT: REVERSE
LAND FORMS:
SUBDUCTION ZONES
Smaller Mountain Ranges (Andes)
Volcanic Activity
Trench
Earthquakes

17. SUBDUCTION ZONE

18. SUBDUCTION ZONE

19. TRENCHES

22. ISLAND ARC

23. VOLCANIC ARC

24. OCEANIC-OCEANIC COLLISION (OO)
FORMS WHEN 2 OCEANIC PLATES COLLIDE CREATING A _____SUBDUCTION ZONE_____ AS THE MORE DENSE OCEANIC CRUST SUBDUCTS OR SINKS BELOW LESS DENSE OCEANIC CRUST.

25. NAME OF THE STRESS/FORCE: COMPRESSION NAME OF THE FAULT: REVERSE
WHAT CAN FORM FROM THIS COLLISION?
SUBDUCTION ZONE & VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
Deep Trenches, crust going below into the mantle melts and recycles
Island arcs (volcanic islands)
volcano arcs/chains
Earthquakes

26. CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL COLLISION (CC)
FORMS WHEN 2 CONTINENTAL PLATES COLLIDE AND BUCKLING UP TO CREATE A MOUNTAINS and MOUNTAIN RANGES (Himalayas.

29. DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
WHAT IS A DIVERGENT BOUNDARY? WHEN __2___ PLATES SPREAD OR MOVE ___APART________/DIVIDE. KEY WORD: ___DIVIDE_______
ILLUSTRATION:

30. Divergent Boundaries
The place where two plates move apart—or diverge—is called a divergent boundary
Most divergent boundaries occur at the mid-ocean ridge—so crust is forming
When divergent boundaries occur on land, a rift valley is formed

31. RIDGES
RIDGES- WHEN PLATES DIVIDE UNDER WATER (MID-OCEAN RIDGES-CAUSED BY VOLCANIC ACTIVITY)

32. RIFTS
RIFTS- WHEN 2 PLATES DIVIDE ON LAND

33. DIVERGENT NAME OF THE STRESS/FORCE: TENSION NAME OF THE FAULT: NORMAL
NAME OF THE FAULT: NORMAL
WHAT CAN FORM FROM THIS BOUNDARY?
RIFTS, RIDGES, VOLCANIC ACTIVITY, & NEW CRUST
ACRONYM: D-TOWN NATION (DIVERGENT- TENSION- NORMAL)

34. TRANSFORM BOUNDARY
WHAT IS A TRANSFORM BOUNDARY? WHEN ___2___ PLATES ___SLIDE___ PASS EACH OTHER. KEY WORD: _____SLIDE_____

35. Transform Boundaries
Along transform boundaries crust isn’t created or destroyed
At a transform boundary the two plates slip past each other

37. TRANSFORM BOUNDARY NAME OF THE STRESS/FORCE: SHEARING
NAME OF THE FAULT: STRIKE SLIP
WHAT CAN FORM FROM THIS BOUNDARY?
EARTHQUAKES, FAULTS, & VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
ACRONYM: TASTE SOME SKITTLES (TRANSFORM-SHEARING-STRIKE SLIP)

38. Station Work WHAT IS THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS?
WHAT IS A RIFT VALLEY? HOW IS IT FORMED?
WHAT TYPES OF PLATE MOVEMENT OCCUR AT PLATE BOUNDARIES
WHAT MAJOR EVENT BEGAN ABOUT 225 MILLION YEARS AGO?
LABEL ALL THE BOUNDARIES ON FIGURE 5 (OVERHEAD) AS TRANSFORM, CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT.