1. England’s

2. Coming to America
English and European Settlers would come to the American colonies for many reasons.
Each colony was unique in it’s characteristics. However, they are grouped together based on location, reasons they were founded, and what types of industries they had.

3. New England Colonies
Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies

4. Southern Colonies

5. Southern Colonies
The first permanent English Settlement in the Americas was at Jamestown in Virginia.
During the early years, many settlers died from malaria and other diseases. Many died from starvation.
Jamestown was established by a joint stock company.
Joint Stock Company: a business with many owners who pay to be a part.

6. Southern Colonies The chief goal of Jamestown was to make money.
The cash crop of Tobacco would be the salvation Jamestown was looking for.
A cash crop is a crop that is grown for profit rather than for use by the grower.

7. Southern Colonies
The London Company (the stock company that ran Jamestown) started the headright system.
The Headright System gave land to anyone who paid their own passage or the passage of others to the settlement.
The headright system would help create large tobacco plantations.

8. Vocabulary
Headright System

9. Southern Colonies
Growing tobacco required a lot of land and it also required a lot of workers.
Indentured servants were used at first.
Indentured servants were poor people who agreed to work for someone who paid their travel expenses to a colony.
Indentured servants would be free after 3 to 7 years.
Plantation owners would turn to slavery to get the help they needed to harvest crops.

10. Southern Colonies
The London Company set up the House of Burgesses in 1619.
This was the first group of elected representatives of English colonists in North America.
It gave settlers a voice in governing the colony even though it wasn’t democracy (govt. run by the elected people).

11. Southern Colonies
It was like the English way of government since the Magna Carta.
The Magna Carta was a constitutional document created in England that limited the power of kings and helped guarantee rights.
Jamestown grew into the colony of Virginia and established the pattern for the southern colonies.

12. Southern Colonies
The plantation system would develop in the southern colonies. These were large farms which depended on slaves for labor.

13. Vocabulary Slavery: Slave:
A system where an individual is owned by another person and used as a source of labor.
Slave:
A person owned by another person and does not have any rights or freedoms.

14. Economy Southern Colonies -almost entirely agricultural
-plantations were abundant
-a large part of the workforce was African slaves
-plantations grew tobacco, rice, and indigo

15. Southern Colonies Facts
-Slavery was legal
-Children born to slaves became slave themselves
-Sometimes families were broken apart and sold to other plantation owners
-Enslaved people were often abused or beaten

16. Southern Colonies Life Life revolved around large plantations
Populations were spread out and there were few cities.
Charles Town was the biggest city during colonial time.
There were fewer churches and schools in Southern colonies.
The death rate was high in the South.

17. South Carolina
South Carolina was founded as a proprietary colony when the king of England gave land to the eight Lords Proprietors in payment of a debt.
The proprietors hoped to make a profit by charging settlers a quitrent (rent money) on the settlers land.

18. South Carolina
John Locke was asked to write the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina.
This document wrote out rules, such as religious toleration, designed to attract settlers.

19. South Carolina
It set up a social class system where people who owned a lot of land were higher up in society than other people.
In order to encourage immigration, the proprietors gave away large tracts of land to settlers through the headright system, just like they did in Virginia.
This led to the establishment of large plantations based on cash crops.

20. South Carolina
The first settlers to South Carolina were Englishmen who moved away from the British colony of Barbados and brought a well-developed slave system with them.

21. South Carolina
Slavery made the plantation owners very wealthy and South Carolina would become a wealthy colony.
Other settlers that were attracted to the prosperous colony came from France, Switzerland, Germany, Scotland, and Ireland.
Religious freedom promised by the Fundamental Constitutions brought settlers from diverse religious backgrounds, including French Huguenots.

22. Middle Colonies

23. Middle Colonies

24. Middle Colonies
The Middle Colonies had the greatest diversity of people and religions in British North America.
The Dutch settled into New York. They would buy Manhattan Island from the Natives for 60 guilders, or about $74.
They called it New Amsterdam.

25. Middle Colonies The Swedish were first settled Delaware.
English Puritans also moved into the Middle Colonies and English Quakers settled Pennsylvania.
The Quakers supported religious tolerance and good relations with the natives in their region and so the colony attracted many other groups of people.

26. Middle Colonies
William Penn got land in the New World which would become known as Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania also had a Representative Assembly as did the other colonies in the region.
A Representative Assembly is a political institution in which members are elected to represent the population.
Penn named his new city “Philadelphia” which means “brotherly love” in Greek. It would become one of the bigger port cities in colonial America.

27. Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies were founded to make a profit
This region’s economic prosperity was due to its good harbors and fertile fields. It became known as the ‘breadbasket’ of the colonies.

28. Economy Middle Colonies
-These Colonies were part agriculture, part industrial
-Wheat and other grains were grown
-Factories produced iron, paper and textiles
-Trading goods with England was common

29. Middle Colonies
Facts
-Sometimes called the “The Bread Basket” colonies because they grew so many crops for making bread.
-In addition to the lush land for growing crops, there were several large harbors.
- Germans built the Conestoga wagon here.

30. New England Colonies

31. New England Colonies

32. New England Colonies
The New England colonies were founded as a haven (safe place) for religious groups persecuted (mistreated) in England.

33. New England Colonies
The Separatists, also know as the Pilgrims, sailed across the Atlantic Ocean and landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts.
The pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact in 1620.
It was a document like a constitution that established the idea that people form the government.
The Pilgrims struggled to survive just like the settlers in Jamestown.
A Native American taught the Pilgrims how to plant corn.
This corn stopped the Pilgrims from starving but their colony still didn’t grow.

34. New England Colonies Puritans came next to Massachusetts Bay.
The Puritans started their own joint stock company and brought their charter (deed to the land) with them to the New World.

35. New England Colonies
Puritans established a democratic form of government, run by the elected people that live there that included town meetings and a general assembly (a congress).
All male church members could vote.
They prospered almost immediately by selling lumber of the great northern woods, building ships, and trading with others.
They established schools so that their children could learn to read the Bible and established religious conformity.

36. New England Colonies
Dissenters , people who didn’t agree with the Puritans, were thrown out, or exiled.
Puritan families were large so the population grew and spread to other areas of New England.
New England enjoyed a thriving economy based on trade, and a democratic government.

37. The meetinghouse was the most important building in the town.
New England Colonies
Facts
People in New England towns lived, worked, and worshiped close together.
People used a barter system instead of money. This means to trade goods.
The meetinghouse was the most important building in the town.

38. Women and girls spent hours cooking and preparing food.
New England Colonies
Facts
Women and girls spent hours cooking and preparing food.
They churned butter and dried fruits. This food was stored to last through the winter. They used animal fat to make candles and soaps.
The men would hunt and work in the fields. They also made their own tools.

39. New England Colonies Economy -farming and fishing communities
-made their own clothes and shoes
-corn and wheat grew in large numbers and much was shipped to England.
-Boston was the major New England port.

40. New England Colonies Economy
New England’s cold climate and thin rocky soil made large-scale farming difficult.
Colonists there had small farms and only grew what they needed. This was called Subsistence Farming.

41. New England Colonies School
One room
One teacher
Very strict, children were often whipped for punishment
The main subject was reading

42. Colonial Life…

43. Facts About School
Boys normally went to grammar schools while girls went to dame school.
There were no chalkboards, maps, or paper.
School teachers were strict and were allowed to hit their students or make them wear a dunce hat if they were bad or said the wrong answer.

44. Other Facts About School
In the New England colonies, children were taught to read so they could study the Bible. Boys got to also learn Latin and Math and other subjects to get into college. Girls could learn to read, but they weren't allowed to go to grammar school or to college.
In the Middle Colonies, most schools were private. Students also learned other subjects so they could get into college. Girls weren't allowed to attend (unless they were Quakers).
In the Southern Colonies, children were mostly taught at home. As in the other colonies, Southern girls did not go to higher schooling.

45. Sleigh Rides & Ice Skate
Free Time
Barn Raising
(was a social event!)
Make new clothes
Sleigh Rides & Ice Skate
Dances & Social Clubs
Plays

46. Conflict in the Colonies
As colonists settled and spread across New England, they entered land that was already lived on by Native Americans.

47. Conflict in the Colonies
The Native Americans and colonists began attacking each other’s villages.
They had very different ideas about owning land. Natives believed no one could own land while colonists believed you could own it if you claim it.
Arguments began to lead to war resulting in lives lost. Some tribes were nearly completely wiped out.

48. Fact & opinion
Decide which are facts and which are opinions.
On the next slide, decide if the statement is fact or opinion. Then, tell why.
Fact: A state that is supported by evidence and is true.
Opinion: A statement that tells what a person might believe or feel.

49. Decide which are facts and which are opinions.
Fact & opinion
Decide which are facts and which are opinions.
The settlers traded goods with each other.
Farming families were the best workers.
Slaves were owned by plantation owners.
Leaders during this time were excellent speakers.
The Quakers had the best ideas about religion.
If children misbehaved in school, they would be punished.
Trading is a better way to run a community than using money.
The Southern colonies had many plantations.
FACT
OPINION
FACT
OPINION
OPINION
FACT
OPINION
FACT

50. Fact & opinion Facts opinions
Write 3 facts and 3 opinions about the colonists and their lives by making a t-chart.
Facts opinions

51. Assignment
OBJECTIVE: Students will write an historical fiction paragraph in the form of a journal entry.
Step 1: Imagine you are a colonist from either the New England, Middle, or Southern colonies.
Step 2: Write a journal entry of your life during this time. It should be a few paragraphs long.
Step 3: Include your thoughts, feelings, activities around you, conflicts, daily life, etc.
Hint; use a combination of the notes your took from this presentation, research from your Social Studies book, library books, or internet to assist you in your facts.

52. Rubric 1 2 3 4 Too short, less than 6 sentences. Not in journal form.
total sentences
Paragraphs are small.
total sentences.
In journal form.
Appropriate length of 15 + sentences split into 2 paragraphs.
Is in journal form.
Does not reference daily life.
References daily life sometimes.
Daily life is referenced, facts accurate.
Daily life is referenced, facts accurate. Feelings and thoughts some great effort.
Is not clear what colony area you are from. No facts to back it up.
Is semi clear what colony area you are from. Some facts as evidence.
Colony area is mentioned. Facts are clear.
Colony area is clearly identified and described. Effort is above and beyond.