1. The Scientific Revolution

2. I. Causes of the Scientific Revolution
The Italian Renaissance
Idea of Challenging the Church
Trade (Navigational Issues)
Renewed emphasis on math
Better scientific instruments

3. Possibly The Greatest Invention in History
The Printing Press
Created in 1456
Johann Gutenburg
First Printed Book was the ………
BIBLE

4. Effects of the Printing Press
Books were cheaper and more accessible
This lead to a greater spread of knowledge and a higher population of educated people
Exposed Europeans to new ideas that expanded their minds (EXPLORATION)

5. II. Old Scientific

6. Old View Aristotle – geocentric theory: earth is center of universe.
Upheld by the Church, which said that God put the earth at the center of the universe.

7. III. New Science “Revolutionaries”

8. A. Copernicus ( )
Sun-centered universe called Heliocentric Model
Earth no different than any other planet just part of a large universe

9. Proved that the planets revolved around the sun.
B. Tycho Brahe ( )
Proved that the planets revolved around the sun.
Also proved that rotation was not circular but oval shaped thus creating day and night.

10. C. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Revolutionized using the telescope
Said Earth moves and their was more out there than Heaven there was in fact a universe.
Threatened by Death for findings

11. D. Isaac Newton ( )
Investigates and brings the idea of Gravity to world.
Created the math we know today as Calculus
Formed 3 Laws of Motion

12. Newton’s First Law of Motion: An object in motion tends to stay in motion and an object at rest tends to stay at rest, unless the object is acted upon by an outside force

13. Free Fall
Air Resistance
Newton’s Second Law of Motion: The acceleration of an object is directly pro-portional to the net force acting upon it and inversely proportional to its mass.

14. Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

15. Effects of the Scientific Revolution
Skepticism and Independent Reasoning: For example, Descartes reached the extreme of skepticism by doubting his own existence. Then, he realized that his own act of thinking proved his own existence (I think, therefore, I am.)
Challenges to Religion: The idea that the universe worked like a machine according to natural laws and without the intervention of God challenged established religious ideas.

16. Decline in Belief in Magic, Demons, and Witchcraft: By the 18th century, the educated classes denied the existence of demons and the power of witchcraft. The skeptical views of the educated classes were not shared by the common people for whom religion remained important. The result was a divide between learned and popular culture.
Questions about Humanity's Role in the Universe: By making humans the inhabitants of a tiny planet circling the sun, the Copernican Universe reduced the importance of humanity. It led people to begin to question the place of humanity in creation.

17. Gave Humanity Control of Nature: Some philosophers argued that by gaining knowledge of the laws of nature, people could control nature. Through science and technology, they could improve human life. This belief in progress became an integral part of Western culture.
New Views on a Women's Worth: The new scientific ideas challenged the ancient and medieval beliefs about the physical and mental inferiority of women by concluding that both men and women made equal contribution to reproduction. Nevertheless, traditional notions about women continued to dominate

18. Elements & chemical compounds discovered.
IV. Other Advancements
CHEMISTRY
Elements & chemical compounds discovered.
Also idea of gases changing with temperature and solids and liquids forming came about.
Renaissance major chemist was Robert Boyle

19. IV. Other Advancements MEDICINE
Human Anatomy evolved during the time period with works from Da Vinci
Ointments to cure infections was created.
Microscope invented to see cells in body.
Idea of blood circulation from heart flourished and an accurate depiction of it was crated