1. Welcome to AP European History

2. AP Modern European History
Mr. David Lickey
apcentral.collegeboard.com

3. Today Role & Handouts Book Draw Historical Memory
Why Study European History?
Homework!
Geography is Destiny: Guns, Germs, and Steel & Jarred Diamond’s Optimal Fragmentation Theory

4. Why Study History? Why especially a study in Modern European History
Henry Ford after all quipped “History in bunk.”
Faulkner has it that: “The past is not dead, in fact it is not past.”
George Santayana held the oft quoted: "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it"

5. Charlottesville, Historical Memory, and History’s Civic Function
Set up a Cornell style page of notes Titled: “Why Study History? & Why European History?” And jot down the following Essential questions:
What shapes our historical memory?
What are the consequences of forgetting history?
What is the difference between history and memory?
What relevance do the last 5 centuries of European history have to do with the multi-cultural interracial democracy that we Americans aspire to in the 21st Century?

6. Why? Why history? Why Modern European History? Why AP European History?
Reading from Erich Remarque’s All Quite on the Western Front
Paul has a nice definition of what education can do – I believe this course – this material – has unique power in these respects

7. Further Whys For the Study of European History in the Modern Era?
We are a product of the last 5 centuries of European History: economic, political, and social systems – PERSIA + G
Most importantly (And this is my bias and the bias of this class): Intellectually European history produces the ideas that govern our lives:
How do we reconcile the freedom to realize our individual potential while being responsible for the commonweal? – Think freedom vs. Equality
“All men are created equal”
“No taxation without representation”
“The people united can never be defeated”
Freedom of press, Assembly, Speech, Worship, (and now Marriage…)
Limited government (English Experience[WOD “Enumerated Powers”])
Legal protections of the individual – right to trial by jurry of peers for ex.
Not a racist celebration of white men, the intellectual tradition of the West are the ideas at center of world struggles for freedom and justice
Martin Luther King Jr.(Name, School, Dissertation on Paul Tillich, Movement, language [script. Shakes. Founding doc.], message)
Jefferson & Gandhi & Ho Chi Minh & Mao
Europe's contributions to the modern human condition has much to do with imperial domination and exploitation that the West now repents

8. MLK: Letter From A Birmingham Jail, 1963
“Just as the 8th/c. prophets left their little villages and carried their “thus saith the Lord” far beyond the boundaries of their hometowns; and just as the Apostle Paul left his little village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to practically every hamlet and city of the Greco-Roman world, I too am compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my particular hometown…”
Universal principals and messianic duty – principles of Judeo/Christian gospel that are the basis of our social contract: a “social gospel”?
“Just as Socrates felt that it was necessary to create a tension in the mind so that individuals could rise from the bondage of myths and half-truths to the unfettered realm of creative analysis and objective appraisal, we must see the need to having nonviolent gadflies to create the kind of tension in society that will help men to rise from the dark depths of prejudice and racism to the majestic heights of understanding and brotherhood…” “to a degree, academic freedom is a reality today because Socrates practiced civil disobedience…”
Socrates and the Greek intellectual tradition that favors the individual man’s capacity for reason to elevate our lives - a central theme of this class
“History is the long and tragic story of the fact that privileged groups seldom give up their privileges voluntarily. Individuals may see the moral light and voluntarily give up their unjust posture; but, as Reinhold Niebuhr has reminded us, groups are more immoral than individuals.”
Reinhold Niebuhr 20th/c ethicist who is often quoted by George Kennan, Hilary Clinton, and Pres. Obama. He wrote about the Nazi’s and USSR
King suggesting here that History has principles that operate like other natural phenomena and can be revealed through rational inquiry to improve human life; see the intellectual revolutions of the 17th and 18th Centuries.
“I would agree with St. Augustine that “An unjust law is no law at all.”
St. Augustine, wow don’t lets go there today
“To put it in the terms of St. Thomas Aquinas, an unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal and natural law.”
St. Thomas Aquinas’ project. Natural law? Higher law? Big ideas that are still with us – take note future Con Team players
“We can never forget that everything Hitler did in Germany was “legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was “illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany.”
20th Century history of Europe is awesomely powerful as a source of metaphor in our own political and ethical lives today
“Consciously and unconsciously, he has been swept in by what the Germans call the Zeitgeist, and with his black brothers of Africa and his brown and yellow brothers of Asia, South America, and the Caribbean, he is moving with a sense of cosmic urgency toward the promised land of racial justice.”
German philosophy of the early 19th/C. and the fact and legacies of European imperialism
Was not Martin Luther an extremist? – Here I stand, I can do no other so help me God.”
King’s namesake, one of the great liberation figures in human history

9. This class will give you a profound framework of cultural knowledge sufficient to allow a confident sense of who you are and what your place in the world is. It is a powerful tableau to explore ideas so powerful they become the basis of your convictions as you enter the world of maturity, of culture, and develop a sense of duty (as Paul said).
Are people fundamentally good or bad, are we fallen creatures in need of control or god like in our ability to exercise rational self control and capable of governing ourselves?
Do you control your life or is your life determined by the structures of society?
Can society be changed in meaningful ways through the collective political actions of people?
What laws are just and must you obey, and what laws are oppressive to which you have a duty to resist?
How should I and we confront the ignorance and evil in others?
What can we know and not know and how do you know that? Authority, empirical observation, traditional practices that allow us to navigate life’s difficulties/prejudice = pre-judgement
How do you answer the question “what am I? Am I American? Am I white? European, Judeo –Christian, or Not any of those things? Secular or Religious, Humanist, Liberal, Conservative? Romantic? Rational? Do you think people should be self sufficient and take care of themselves within the institution of the family or do you think that the community/the government should insure a decent and dignified life for all? Am I Middle Class, Working class, Underclass? Am I an Ubermensch or an untermensch? Privileged or Subject?
These questions and themes that emerge from the last 5 centuries of European History go right to the heart of our ongoing pursuit of justice and liberty
Class is demanding, requires commitment, curiosity, and a philoshical (love of truth/wisdom) turn of mind to really enjoy and excel in. If that is you, I personally assure you – this is your class.

10. Scope of this Class: Big Questions
Emergence of Europe from the so called “Dark ages” and its religious weltanschauung and the social hierarchy it implied

11. The Emergence of Nation States: The Fall of Nation States?
How did powerful centralized nation states replace decentralized agricultural princedoms of medieval Europe?
Is there an alternative to nation states in your life? Can the nation state system respond to today’s challenges? Is the state worthy of your dedication and allegence

12. How and why did Science Knock a Blow to Superstition & Prejudice
How did science become the new source of Western peoples security?
What were the implications for political and moral philosophy of the scientific revolution?

13. How and Why did Absolutism Yield to Individual Liberty and Democratic Government?
What are the anticedents of the rule of law in the Western tradition?
To what extent is Constitutionalism an expression of universal natural law – like math, a logical necessity?

14. How did the Europeans Capture Half the World Then Loose It
How did the Europeans Capture Half the World Then Loose It? And Why Does She Now Now Repents of Her Sins

15. Why did Europe Produce Two Great Antagonistic Economic Systems: Capitalism and Communism? And Do Either Address the Needs of the Current Moment?

16. Why Did Europe Fight Two World Wars That Ended With Her As A Prize Between Two Non-European Superpowers?

17. Characters: God Thucydides Plato Aristotle Epicurus Cicero Lucretius
St. Augustine
Petrarch
Machiavelli
Erasmus
Luther
Calvin
Elizabeth
Francis I
Louis XIV
Hobbes
Copernicus
Galileo
Descartes
Newton
Locke
Olype de Gouges
Fredrick the Great
Voltaire
Diderot
Rousseau
Emmanuel D=Sieyes
Mary Wollstoncraft
Robespierrre
David
Marat
Louis & Marie
Napoleon Pt. I & II
Duke of Wellington
Klemens von Metternich
Abraham Darby
James Watt
Adam Smith
Malthus and Recardo
Sam Smiles
Burke
John Stuart Mill
Alexis De Tocqueville
Emmiline Pankhurst
Charles Dickens/Darwin
Karl Marx
Disraeli/Gladstone
Alfred Dryfus
Theodore Herzl
Bismark
Nicholas II
Emily Davidson
Rasputin
John D. Rockefeller
Nietzsche
Freud
Gen. Brunhardi
Gavrilo Princip
David Lloyd George
Wodrow Wilson
Lenin
Stalin
Mussolini
Hitler
Chamberlin
Churchill
Onrad Adenauer
Charles du Gaulle
Ho Chi Mihn
Vaclav Havel
Margaret Thatcher

18. Structure Major Units/Topics Pedistal: Continuity and Change to 1450
Renaissance and Reformation
Religiouse Wars of the 16th & 17th Centuries
Early Modern Europe
French and Industrial Revolution
Restoration Europe
19th Century State Building
Imperialism
WWI
Criminal States & WWII
Postwar Europe

19. First Assignments
Go to the AP European History Course Home Page. Review the “Course Guide”. (Be warned, it is nearly 200 pages) So this is your first exercise in extracting information without reading like you read your favorite book.
What are the stated purposes of Advanced Placement courses – according to the College Board and according to you
The scope of the AP Exam
The parts of the AP Exam
Resources to help you succeed on the AP Exam contained in the Course Guide and on the AP European Homepage?
Write a 2 page summary of what you will be expected to know and do on the AP exam in May. Due next Wed. or first class day thereafter.
Answer the Prompt, Write with clear purpose and structure.
Write me and yourself a note on the first page of your notebook: Why did you choose to take this class and what are you hoping to get from it?

20. Geography is Destiny: “Optimal Fragmentation Principle” (p.411)

21. Geography is Destiny
Affix map to your note book and add the following:
Major Rivers, Bodies of Water, Peninsulas, Mountain Ranges, Climate Regions.
Rivers: Thames, Seine, Elbe, Oder, Danube, Tiber, Loire….
Mountains: Alps, Pyrenees, Cambrian & Crampian Mts. (UK), Apennines, Carpathian Mts.
Georgraphic Features: Black Forrest, Bohemian Forrest, North European Plain
Seas: Mediterranean, Adriatic, Aegean, Ionian, North, Irish, Black, Baltic, Norwegian Seas + English Channel, Straight of Gibraltar, Dardanelles
Label and color the political map of modern Europe
How many countries are in Europe?
Where is the boundary between Eastern and Western Europe?

22. Geography is Destiny

23. Homework: Finish Map Asn.
Start Reading Merriman Chapter #1 & look over the recommended readings in WC’s (after you check it out)
Get a spiral notebook you will use exclusively for this class and put your “Unit Guide”, “Standing Assignments”, “Rubric”, “Historical Thinking Skills”, & Maps in it
Write me a note/letter telling me why your taking this class, what you feel you have to gain, and what you are hoping for this year.
Review the “Course Guide” At the College Board’s AP European History home page and write a two page summary of what you need to know and do on the exam.

24. Lesson #2: Contributions of the Hebrews to Western Civilization
Sources Intro: Read aloud
Reading Doc’s in Sources Book
APPARTS 3 Doc’s
Quick write: Significance of the Hebrews in the Western Tradition
Make a single claim
Support claim with evidence/passages from each document