1. Circuit Court of Appeals
12 circuits, 167 judges (Panels of 3)
Appellate
Civil and Criminal
1891 (Relieve S.C.)
Life
40,000 cases, uphold, reverse, send back

2. District Courts
94 Courts, 632 judges
Original Jurisdiction
Civil and Criminal
1789
Life
300,000 cases yearly (80%)

3. Ct. of Appeals for Federal Circuit
1 ct. 12 judges
Appellate
Civil
1982
Life
Courts 8, 9, 14

4. Court of International Trade
1 ct., 9 judges (panels of 3)
Original
Civil
1926
Life
Tariff and Trade Laws

5. 2. Legislative Courts: Created to help Congress exercise its powers.

6. US Claims Court
1 ct., 16 judges
Original
Civil
1892
15 years
$ Claims against US

7. US Tax Court
1 Ct, 19 judges
Original (Tax)
Civil
1969
12 yr terms
IRS disputes

8. Court of Military Appeals
1 ct., 5 civilian judges
Appellate
Criminal
1951
15 years
GI Supreme Ct.

9. Territorial Courts
4 cts, 10 judges
Original
Civil and criminal
Varies
10 years
Like state courts

10. Courts of District of Columbia
1 ct. 15 judges
Original (DC)
Civil/Criminal
1863
4 years superior, 8 years appellate
Like State Courts

11. Ct. of Veterans’ Appeals
1 ct, 7 judges,
Appellate
Civil
1988
15 years
Veteran Affairs Claims

12. Military Courts
Army, Navy, Marine, Air Force
Original
Criminal

13. Federal Regulatory Agencies
Quasi-judicial
FTC, EPA, etc.

14. State Supreme Courts 50
Civil/Criminal