1. Chapter 9
Shock

2. In order to survive…
There are 3 conditions that are necessary to maintain adequate blood flow in the body
The heart must be working well
An adequate amount of oxygen-rich blood must circulate the body
Blood vessels must be intact and able to adjust blood flow

3. What is shock?
A life threatening situation in which the body is not getting enough blood flow
If there is not enough blood flow the body is not getting enough oxygen and nutrients to function
Shock requires immediate attention; as many organs can be damaged/begin to shut down
As many as 1 in 5 people who suffer from shock will die from it

4. What causes shock? TWO causes
Severe Injuries that involve rapid blood loss
Significant fluid loss
Bleeding
Vomiting
Diarrhea

5. Shock: Signs & Symptoms
Restlessness & irritability
Altered state of consciousness
Pale or ashen, bluish, cool, moist skin
Rapid breathing
Rapid/weak pulse
Excessive thirst
Nausea/vomiting

6. Domino Effect of Shock Severe bleeding
Heart beats faster to compensate for lose of blood
Rapid pulse = more blood lose =volume drop
Increased workload for heart mean more oxygen needed = breathing becomes faster
Blood vessels constrict to protect vital organs from blood loss = Pale, cool, moist skin
Lack of O2 causes tissue death in the arms and legs
Brain now sends signals to return blood to arms and legs
Vital organs now are not receiving adequate O2
Heart beats faster to compensate
Blood loss worsens
Domino Effect of Shock

7. Shock: Care Help victim lie down on their back
Elevate feet about 12 inches to help blood circulation
Do not elevate if…
Nauseated/trouble breathing
Suspect a head/neck/back injury
Moving causes more pain

8. Shock: Care Do not give the victim anything to eat/drink
Their condition could require surgery
Monitor the victims breathing/consciousness
Keep the victim from being chilled/overheated
Make them as comfortable as possible
Reassure the victim
Control external bleeding

9. Common Types of Shock Anaphylactic Life threatening allergic reaction
May cause airway to swell affecting ability to breathe
Insect stings, food, drugs

10. Common Types of Shock Cardiogenic
Failure of the heart to effectively circulate blood to all parts of the body
Occurs with a heart attack

11. Common Types of Shock Hypovolemic
Severe bleeding or loss of blood plasma
Occurs with internal or external wounds or burns
Severe fluid loss, as from vomiting or diarrhea

12. Common Types of Shock Neurogenic
Disruption of the autonomic nervous system; results in blood vessels expanding and creating a drop in blood pressure
Caused by fluid loss, trauma to nervous system, emotional shock
Fainting

13. Common Types of Shock Septic
Toxins cause by severe infection cause the blood vessels to dilate
Causes organ failure & dangerously low blood pressure