1. The Imperative Form “Commands”
Deutsch II Notizen
Einheit: Kochen

2. Formal Command Formal command = the “Sie” command
Used when you address one OR several people in a formal manner
Verb takes the –en ending of the Sie form
The pronoun Sie is always placed immediately after the verb
Kommen Sie hier!

3. Formal Command Examples: Nehmen Sie das Buch! Kaufen Sie es!
Finden Sie einen Bleistift!
Schälen Sie die Kartoffeln, bitte.

4. Familiar Command - Singular
Used when you are on a du basis with someone
Formed by removing the –st ending from the present tense of the du form
With MOST verbs (except funky ones), this leaves just the basic stem of the verb
NO pronoun used – just the verb itself
I’d say these two are on a du basis with each other.

5. Familiar Command - Singular
Examples:
Komm!
Geh!
Trink!
Halt!

6. Familiar Command - Singular
NOTE: Verbs whose stems end in a –t, -d, or a consonant cluster like –fn, keep the additional –e we’d add in the du form for pronunciation purposes
Examples:
antworten  Antworte!
reden  Rede!
öffnen  Öffne!

7. Familiar Command - Singular
You may also see an –e ending on other verbs in the familiar singular command form – especially in conversational German
This is optional – Germans usually add it in there while talking for “flow” purposes

8. Familiar Command - Singular
NOTE: On stem-changing verbs (funky verbs)  verbs that have a vowel change from e > i or e >ie keep this change in the familiar singular command
Examples:
essen  isst  Iss!
geben  gibst  Gib!
sehen  siehst  Sieh!

9. Familiar Command - Singular
However: verbs whose stem vowel changes from a > ä do NOT retain this change in the imperative
Examples:
fahren  fährst  Fahr!
laufen  läufst  Lauf!

10. Familiar Command - Plural
When you address several people with whom you are on a du basis, the familiar plural command is used
This form has exactly the same form as the ihr conjugation (-t ending)
No pronoun used

11. Familiar Command - Plural
Examples:
Esst!
Trinkt!
Antwortet!
Lernt!

12. Mild Commands
When expressing the phrase “let us” (let’s eat!) – the wir form of the verb is used
Verb = immediately followed by the pronoun wir
Examples:
Gehen wir jetzt!
Gehen wir ins Kino!
Essen wir den Kuchen!
Trinken wir den Wein!

13. Command Forms of SEIN Command forms of SEIN = slightly irregular
Formal = Seien Sie!
Familiar (singular) = Sei!
Familiar (plural) = Seid!
Mild Command = Seien wir!

14. Separable Prefix Verbs
If there is a separable prefix attached to the verb, it gets “kicked” to the end in ALL verb forms
Examples:
Steh auf!
Kommen Sie bitte mit!