1. Hope, Violence, Woodstock
The late 1960s
Hope, Violence, Woodstock

2. Causes of the youthful outburst
Baby boomers come of age
Rejection of post-WWII consumerism
Cold War,
US Foreign Policy, Korean War, Vietnam War
Rock and Roll culture encouraged rebellion

3. Vietnam War,
In north Vietnam: Resistance War Against America
Communist forces: North Vietnam, China, Viet Cong, Khmer Rouge, Soviet Union, North Korea, Cuba
Anti-Communist forces: South Vietnam, USA, South Korea, Thailand, Australia.
Part of a longer war against western imperialism
US involvement increased greatly in early 1960s
August 1964: Gulf of Tonkin Incident

4. Vietnam War,
President Lyndon Johnson given full powers to deploy “conventional” forces in southeast Asia.
Containment of communism, but far away, and many youths not really willing to fight.
Peace movement also played a role.
Napalm bombing
War crimes (both sides, but in west US war crimes got most press).
Tet Offensive, February 1968
Most famously: My Lai massacre, March 1968.

5. Anti-War Protests Alice Herz (1882 – March 26, 1965)
Norman Morrison (2 Nov 1965): Quaker, emulated himself in front of Robert McNamara’s office window, 2 November 1965.
Students burned draft cards.
Fled to Canada: “The Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada, published jointly by the Toronto Anti-Draft Programme and the House of Anansi Press, sold nearly 100,000 copies.”
Street demonstrations:
Phil Ochs, “Draft Dodger Rag,” 1965:

6. Protest Music Arlo Guthrie, “Alice’s Restaurant,” 1967
Buffalo Springfield, “For what it’s worth,” 1967
CBF4B4E
Creedence Clearwater Revival, “Fortunate Son,” 1969
Jefferson Airplane, “Volunteers,” 1969
Martha and the Vandelas, “I should be proud,” 1970
Edwin Starr, “War,” 1970

7. The Rock Concert
Authorities did not like them from the start: Alan Freed, 21 March 1952: “Moondog Coronation Ball”: desegregated, but also 20,000 tickets sold.
Rock Concert versus playing at a club: Keith Richards about Mick Jagger
Rock Festival: in Europe, grew out of Jazz festivals.
USA, summer 1967:  
KFRC Fantasy Fair & Magic Mountain Music Festival on Mount Tamalpais (June 10–11)
Monterey International Pop Festival (June 16–17): Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, The Who, and Otis Redding; Jefferson Airplane, Mamas and the Papas.
Sparked “Summer of Love”

8. Woodstock Music and Art Fair,
White Lake/Bethel, NY, August 1969: Three Days of Peace and Music
186,000 advance tickets sold ($18 each).
Banned from initial site, which promoted festival.
Max Yasgur’s milk farm formed the bowl.
Late change of site left no time to prepare: stage or fence; chose stage.
About 500,000 showed up.
Two deaths, two births, lots of rain.
Hendrix closed on Monday morning, as people straggled home.

9. Performers’ paychecks!
Jimi Hendrix: $30,000 for two sets (plus $2,000 for expenses)
Blood, Sweat & Tears: $15,000
Joan Baez: $10,000
Creedence Clearwater Revival: $10,000
The Band: $7,500
Janis Joplin: $7,500
Jefferson Airplane: $7,500
Sly and the Family Stone: $7,000
Canned Heat: $6,500
The Who: $6,250
Richie Havens: $6,000
Arlo Guthrie: $5,000
Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young: $5,000
Ravi Shankar: $4,500
Johnny Winter: $3,750
Ten Years After: $3,250
Country Joe and the Fish: $2,500
Grateful Dead: $2,500
Joe Cocker: $1,375
Santana: $750
Sha Na Na: $700