1. Cambodia’s National Social Protection Strategy
Valerie Schmitt, ILO
Experts meeting on Social Protection
Jakarta, 12 December 2011

2. An historical development
Cambodian Development Cooperation Forum – Acknowledgement of vulnerability related to economic and social shocks (food crisis, economic crisis, natural disasters)
 Mapping and Scoping Exercise of SP measures (RGC & Development Partners)
National forum on Food Security and Nutrition (6-7 July 2009)
PM “improving social protection for the vulnerable is the principle strategy of the RGC to protection the poor, build human capital and expand economic opportunities for them”
 Development of the NSPS (CARD, Development partners, Line Ministries)
Adoption of the NSPS by council of Ministers (18 March)
Official launching of the NSPS by PM (5 December)
 Pilot testing phase before scaling up

3. An historical development

4. What is the situation in Cambodia?
NSSF-C – Maternity, Death, Old Age, Survivor, Invalidity, Work Injury (180,000 CS + dependants  total 675,000 persons)
Level of coverage
Scattered interventions for the Poor and Vulnerable, mostly donor funded, lack of coherence
NSSF – Work injury (500,000 workers)
Health Equity Funds (50% of the poor), PWPs, School Feeding, etc.
CBHI (123,000 persons)
Poor Informal economy Form. Sect.

5. The NSPS - clear reference to the two dimensional extension strategy

6. Cambodia’s Social protection floor
1- Addressing the basic needs of the P&V in situations of emergency and crisis
Overarching
2- Reducing the poverty and vulnerability of children and mothers and enhancing their human development
Guarantee  : minimum income security for children
3- Addressing seasonal un- and underemployment and providing livelihood opportunities for the poor and vulnerable
Guarantee  : Minimum income security for working age population
4- Promoting affordable health care for the poor and vulnerable
Guarantee  : Access to essential health care for all
5- Improving social protection for special vulnerable groups
Guarantee  : Income security for the elderly & people with disabilities

7. For each of the 5 objectives “front runners” programs identified based on guiding principles
PEOPLE Service

8. The PEOPLE service to increase outreach, coordination & synergies
Scholarships, school feeding, re-entry programs…
Public Employment Programs
CCTs
TVET
Job centers
NSSF
HEFs &CBHI
Social workers & Advisors
Information on programs
Vulnerability & skills assessment
Registration under the different programs & facilitating use of the services…
Delivery of membership cards…
Channeling social protection & employment services
Creating development linkages between interventions
Families
Children, Working age, Elderly & Disabled
PEOPLE SERVICE

9. Several functions of the PEOPLE service
INCREASE OUTREACH – access to social protection and employment related services will be facilitated through one entry point, information on these programs, registration, etc.
MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION –
Utilization of the ID poor system & update ID Poor database
Collect data on beneficiaries, provision of the SP and employment services as well as the utilization of these services
Transfer data to an harmonized database system at central level (line ministries and CARD)
The monitoring of the NSPS will be made possible

11. Several functions of the PEOPLE service
COORDINATION AT LOCAL LEVEL
PEOPLE service established within government structures
District and provincial sub-national bodies will be involved in the design and oversight of the PEOPLE service (deputy governors, OSWO at district level, CCWC at commune level …)
DEVELOP LINKAGES & COORDINATION
Between SP interventions (ex. Maternal & child health and nutrition with access to education)
Between SP and employment programs (ex. Access to Health Care for those enrolled under PWPs, TVET, micro-credit)
… to maximize the impact of those interventions and ensure graduation out of poverty

12. Where do we stand ILO – CARD mission to three provinces, choice of two
Assessment of social protection situation and employment security situation using the SPF and Employment Security Matrix
Identification of existing SP programs and initiatives that could be included under the pilot testing phase of the NSPS (guiding principles), geo-localisation, choice of the districts where the pilot testing will start
Launching of the NSPS in Siem Reap and separate workshop on the PEOPLE service on December
2011
2012
Final design of the PEOPLE service in the selected districts
Establishment of the Monitoring and Evaluation system
Starting implementation in June 2012

13. Thank you!

14. Existing policies and schemes
SPF Matrix
Objective
Existing policies and schemes
Indicators
Gaps and issues
Access to Health Care
Social health protection schemes
Number of persons covered and levels of benefits / protection
Income security for children
CCT, Scholarships, Free Education, Food distribution
Income security for the working age
Social security provisions, Labour law
PWPs, community programs
Income security for the elderly
Minimum pension scheme
Community support
Objective
Existing provisions
Indicators
Gaps and issues
Establishing a macro-environment for productive employment growth
Policies
Tax exemption, subsidies for creation of enterprises, …
Systems/schemes
Structures to support Enterprise creation and development (chamber of commerce, maison de l’entrepreneur, etc.)
Employers’ counselling and network for corporate management and good governance
Description of situation & evolution
Number of registered enterprises (code of commerce…)
Number of vulnerable enterprises (family, sub-contracting, …)
Access to services:
Availability of credit and other services for enterprises,
Coverage (geographic, sectors)
Enabling environment for job placement & recruitment of employees
Full employment policy
Labour market information system
Institutional structures to support job placement
Labour demand and supply:
Employment-to-population ratio ;
New entrance to the Labour market
Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers (as a proxy for informal employment);
Unemployment rate
Labour & supply shortages
Access to services
availability & efficiency of job placements services (number of vacancies & placements, number of staff),
coverage (geographic, sex, sectors, age, vulnerable groups…)
Income security while working
Existence and enforcement of minimum wage
Systems/schemes:
Schemes to provide income security while searching a new job
Income support for graduated students to search a first job
Schemes to provide employment guarantee (PWPs…)
Level of minimum wage
Underemployment rates
Number of working poor
Level of enforcement of minimum wage (nb of enterprises?)
Coverage (geographic, sex, skills, sectors…)
Accessing training and skills development
Education & skills development policies
Existing structures/programmes for each level of education and training in the public and private sector
Public-Private Partnerships among education and vocational training centers.
Number of years of compulsory education…
Basic education (coverage - geographic, sex … - and adequacy)
Vocational training (coverage - geographic, sex, age, specific vulnerable groups … - and adequacy)

15. Employment Security Matrix
Objective
Existing policies and schemes
Indicators
Gaps and issues
Establishing a macro-environment that supports productive employment growth, enterprise creation…
Chambers of commerce
Tax exemptions, subsidies for the creation of enterprises
Description of situation & evolution- Nb of registered enterprises
Access to services- Credit & other services
Enabling environment for job placement & recruitment of employees
LMI systems
Job placement services
Other measures for vulnerable groups
Income security while working
Minimum wage, PWPs, measures for the new entrants…
Accessing training and skills development
Education and TVET system, Apprenticeship, Volunteers programs…
Objective
Existing provisions
Indicators
Gaps and issues
Establishing a macro-environment for productive employment growth
Policies
Tax exemption, subsidies for creation of enterprises, …
Systems/schemes
Structures to support Enterprise creation and development (chamber of commerce, maison de l’entrepreneur, etc.)
Employers’ counselling and network for corporate management and good governance
Description of situation & evolution
Number of registered enterprises (code of commerce…)
Number of vulnerable enterprises (family, sub-contracting, …)
Access to services:
Availability of credit and other services for enterprises,
Coverage (geographic, sectors)
Enabling environment for job placement & recruitment of employees
Full employment policy
Labour market information system
Institutional structures to support job placement
Labour demand and supply:
Employment-to-population ratio ;
New entrance to the Labour market
Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers (as a proxy for informal employment);
Unemployment rate
Labour & supply shortages
Access to services
availability & efficiency of job placements services (number of vacancies & placements, number of staff),
coverage (geographic, sex, sectors, age, vulnerable groups…)
Income security while working
Existence and enforcement of minimum wage
Systems/schemes:
Schemes to provide income security while searching a new job
Income support for graduated students to search a first job
Schemes to provide employment guarantee (PWPs…)
Level of minimum wage
Underemployment rates
Number of working poor
Level of enforcement of minimum wage (nb of enterprises?)
Coverage (geographic, sex, skills, sectors…)
Accessing training and skills development
Education & skills development policies
Existing structures/programmes for each level of education and training in the public and private sector
Public-Private Partnerships among education and vocational training centers.
Number of years of compulsory education…
Basic education (coverage - geographic, sex … - and adequacy)
Vocational training (coverage - geographic, sex, age, specific vulnerable groups … - and adequacy)