1. Common Causes of Falls in the Elderly
By Serge Jean, RN,BSN, APRN©

2. I’m falling and I can’t get up
Each year, millions of older people, those 65 and older, fall. In fact, one out of three older people falls each year, but less than half tell their doctor. Falling once doubles your chances of falling again (CDC).

3. Falls are serious and costly
One out of five falls causes a serious injury such as broken bones or a head injury.
Each year, 2.5 million older people are treated in emergency departments for fall injuries
Each year at least 250,000 older people are hospitalized for hip fractures.
More than 95% of hip fractures are caused by falling, usually by falling sideways.
Falls are the most common cause of traumatic brain injuries (TBI).
Adjusted for inflation, the direct medical costs for fall injuries are $34 billion annually. Hospital costs account for two-thirds of the total.

4. Fall Risk Factors Prior Falls Lower body weakness Vitamin D deficiency
Difficulties with walking and balance
Use of medicines, such as tranquilizers, sedatives, or antidepressants.
Vision problems
Foot pain or poor footwear
Home hazards or dangers such as
broken or uneven stairs,
throw rugs or clutter that can be tripped over, and
no handrails along stairs or in the bathroom.

5. Falls can be prevented Evaluate patient risks for falling
Review patient medications to see if any might cause dizziness and sleepiness
Evaluate patient for Vitamin D supplements with calcium
Encourage patient to do exercises that make their legs longer, stronger and improve their balance (Tai Chi is a good example).
Evaluate patient vision once a year and update glasses as needed
Evaluate patient’s home:
Get rid of clutter- Ensure that the home has enough light
Place grab bars inside and outside tubs or showers next to the toilet
Put railing bars in both sides of stairs

6. References
Important Facts about Falls. Retrieved on 6/29/ from: l