1. Warm-Up: March 20 GUESS…
How do you think the literary and artistic world was impacted by the Civil War Era?

2. INFLUENCES… Major Historical Events taking place:
Slavery and the Civil War
Industrial Revolution
Rise of modern science and medicine
Westward expansion

3. A Harvest of Death

4. GUESS…

5. REALISM
Sought to portray life as faithfully and accurately as possible
“Scientific” observations
Focused on ordinary subjects and ordinary people suffering the harsh realities of everyday life
Tell life how it is, the bare-bones approach
A “slice of life” approach
Realism was in reaction to Romanticism – authors no longer wanted to focus on the idealistic but now the realistic

6. “An Episode of War” Stephen Crane
Ordinary subjects and ordinary people suffering the harsh realities of everyday life
Lieutenant (only name given)
Coffee
“Scientific” observations
Attention to detail (life and historical)
Matter-of-fact account of the ordinary and extra-ordinary

7. “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”

8. “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”
Ambrose Bierce
Point of view –
Shift from objective third person to limited third person
Stream of consciousness
Realistic Elements
Detail
Character- victim of forces beyond human control

9. “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”
News Report Assessment:
Realistic and Objective Point of View - 10 points
Adherence to the Story Plot - 10 points
Equal Roles/Responsibilities - 5 Points

10. NATURALISM
An extreme approach to Realism which sought to portray ordinary people’s lives, but suggested humans are victims of uncontrollable forces
Environment
Hereditary
Chance
How is naturalism seen in “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”?

11. from My Bondage and My Freedom
"Frederick Douglass is an example of somebody who's done an amazing job and is getting recognized more and more, I notice." 

12. from My Bondage and My Freedom
Frederick Douglass
Autobiography – to prove the humanity of blacks
Tone
The writer’s attitude toward the subject, characters, or audience
Douglass’ tone?
Realistic and Naturalistic Elements

13. “An Account of an Experience With Discrimination”

14. “An Account of an Experience With Discrimination”
Sojourner Truth
Historical Narrative
Tone
Truth’s tone?
Realistic and Naturalistic Elements

15. Warm-up: March 26
What region of the country is described in “Heading West”?
What region of the country is described in “I Will fight No More Forever”?

16. EFFECTS OF WESTERN EXPANSION IN LIT
Local color- highlights characteristics and details unique to a specific area
Regionalism- literary movement in which writers attempt to depict and analyze the distinctive and unique qualities of a geographical area and its people
Regional dialect- language specific to a particular area of the country

17. Comparison of “Heading West” and “I Will Fight No More Forever”
Miriam Davis Colt
Representative of families who traveled west (Kansas)
Chief Joseph
Representative of settler-Native American relations
Mood – (or atmosphere) the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage
Mood vs. Tone

18. Mark Twain: “Grandfather’s Story of the Old Black Ram”
Local color
Regionalism
Shaggy Dog Story
Mood and Tone?

19. Living in a Changing World
Women’s roles
Civil Rights
Shift from Rural to Urban existence

20. “The Story of an Hour” – Kate Chopin
Title – elements of Realism
Expectations with first sentence – foreshadowing
Suspense and Climax?
Situational irony-
Dramatic irony-

21. “Richard Corey” – Edwin Arlington Robinson
Comparison with S & G’s “Richard Corey”
Speaker
Modern dilemma
Irony
Situational

22. “Lucinda Matlock” – Edgar Lee Masters
Epitaphs from Spoon River Anthology
Free verse
Realism of small town life
“Degenerate sons and daughters,
Life is too strong for you—
It takes life to love Life.”

23. “We Wear the Mask” – Paul Laurence Dunbar
Use of dialect in many popular poems
Formal poems – “We Wear the Mask” comments on his “jingles in a broken tongue”
“The Garden Gate”
W'en de hinges creak an' cry, 
An' de bahs go slantin' down,  You kin reckon dat hit's time  Fu' to cas' yo' eye erroun',  'Cause daih ain't no 'sputin' dis,  Hit's de trues' sign to show  Dat daih's cou'tin goin' on  W'en de ol' front gate sags low.