1. A quote to consider…
Firstly, although some ‘rules of thumb’ concerning forms can be useful, many of the rules of grammar traditionally presented in ESL classrooms are at best half-truths, and at worst misleading…
However, it is not simply a question of coming up with better rules. It is in fact extremely difficult to adequately describe all of the grammatical patterns a learner will need to use in ways learners can both understand and usefully apply. We have observed many situations in which teachers have trapped themselves into embarking on long and confusing explanations because they are committed to ‘explaining’ to their students how a particular grammatical feature should be used, with the benefit of just one or two sentence level examples.
(Jones and Lock, 2010, p. 5)

2. Form follows Function: Situating the Why in the How
Jennifer Walsh Marr, Vantage College UBC
Tanya Tervit, Langara College
Add s, twitter, etc

3. A quote to consider…
Firstly, although some ‘rules of thumb’ concerning forms can be useful, many of the rules of grammar traditionally presented in ESL classrooms are at best half-truths, and at worst misleading…
However, it is not simply a question of coming up with better rules. It is in fact extremely difficult to adequately describe all of the grammatical patterns a learner will need to use in ways learners can both understand and usefully apply. We have observed many situations in which teachers have trapped themselves into embarking on long and confusing explanations because they are committed to ‘explaining’ to their students how a particular grammatical feature should be used, with the benefit of just one or two sentence level examples.
(Jones and Lock, 2010, p. 5)

4. Functional Grammar
“the constituents of language are intrinsically ‘semantic’ and always involved in the enactment of certain social meanings.” (Moore, 2007, p.53 on Halliday)
“Language is, in the first instance, a resource for making meaning; so text is a process of making meaning in context.” (Halliday, 2014, p. 3)
“Our discussions about language use centered not on what the rules were but rather what the rules of the game were, in other words, how writers effectively used language to persuade their readers to act.” (Schulze, 2011, p. 149)

5. The Metafunctions in Action
Textual Mode
“how language represents the ‘doings and ‘happenings’ in our lives through various types of Processes in which different kinds of Participants engage, surrounded by Circumstances relating to time, manner, cause and place, and so on.”
(Derewianka and Jones, 2010, p. 9)
Context/Register
“create coherent text – text that coheres within itself and with the context of situation” (Halliday, 2003, p. 17)
Ideational/Experiential Field
Interpersonal Tenor
Text
Text (Author)
“reflect and enact relationships between speakers and listeners or readers and writers”
(Gebhard, Chen, & Britton, p. 107)
“realize a text’s intended purpose” (Schulze, 2011, p. 132)

6. The Metafunctions in EAL
What context comes to mind when you see this sentence?:
I am very thankful for your consideration.

7. The Metafunctions in EAL
Dear Kana,
I am a student at the English Language Program.
I want to share my moments with the homestay office family.
Please check my attachment.
I think I have been having a great time thanks to you.
Sincerely,
YunSook 
I am very thankful for your consideration.

8. The Metafunctions in Action
Textual Mode
The way information is organized in s and in this .
The Metafunctions in Action
Interpersonal declarative statements come across as terse Tenor nominalization creates more social distance jarring register difference: consideration, check
Ideational/Experiential Field
“consider” mental process or attribute
Context: Goal of the text
Dear Kana,
I am a student at the English Language Program.
I want to share my moments with the homestay office family.
Please check my attachment.
I am very thankful for your consideration.
I think I have been having a great time thanks to you.
Sincerely,
YunSook 
Text (Author)

9. The Metafunctions in EAP
Gender is the institutionalized system that dividing people as two significantly different categories in society, also known as men and women (Ridgeway & Correll, 2004). Basically, when people consider about gender differences, firstly they usually refer to people’s biological differences, such as genitals. The biological gender differences will be more clear after people enter into puberty, for example, their voices change, men’s voices would be deeper while women’s get sharper, other features would change too. Gender also reveals advantages and disadvantages in both physically and psychologically, for instance, men are usually stronger than women physically, so they could be more suitable doing jobs that require physical abilities than women in that field, meanwhile women often more sensitive than men emotionally, so they are probably more careful that men (Clougherty et al., 2001). In that way, gender differences could apply to optimize division of labor in society.

10. The Metafunctions in EAP
Content
Organization
Interpersonal Positioning
Participants
Processes
Circumstances
Clause level theme & rheme
Staging of text
Representation of source text
Position of writer in scholarly community
hedging

11. The Limitations of Functional Grammar
Advantages those without a strong understanding of form-based grammar
Learning the terminology and metalanguage
“for those who are not familiar with traditional grammar, SFG provides a more relevant ‘way in’ through genre and function, eventually making contact with the traditional grammatical categories that realize those functions.” (Derewianka and Jones, 2010, p. 13)
Functional grammar is not as worksheet friendly
Easier with collaboration
“Preparing texts for use in grammar teaching is not always straightforward or easy” (Jones and Locke, 2011, p. 9)
“The approach calls for close analysis of the language of student’s texts and is best accomplished by teachers working together to identify the language features.” (Schleppegrell and Go, 2007, p. 529)

12. References and Resources
Books
Jones, R., & Lock, G. (2010). Functional grammar in the ESL classroom: Noticing, exploring and practicing. Springer.
Halliday, M.A.K On the "architecture" of human language. In On Language and Linguistics. Volume 3 in the Collected Works of M.A.K. Halliday. London and New York: Equinox.
Halliday, M., Matthiessen, C. M., & Matthiessen, C. (2014). An introduction to functional grammar. Routledge.
Articles
Coffin, C., & Hewings, A. (2005). IELTS as preparation for tertiary writing: distinctive interpersonal and textual strategies. In L. Ravelli, R. A. Ellis (Eds.), Analysing Academic Writing: Contextualized Frameworks (pp ) New York : Continuum.
Derewianka, B. & Jones, P. (2010). From traditional grammar to functional grammar: bridging the divide. NALDIC Quarterly, 8(1), 6-17.
Gebhard, M., Chen, I. A., & Britton, L. (2014). “Miss, nominalization is a nominalization:” English language learners’ use of SFL metalanguage and their literacy practices. Linguistics and Education, 26,
Oliveira, L. C. (2015). A Systemic-Functional Analysis of English Language Learners' Writing. DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada, 31(1),
Moore, T. (2007). The ‘processes’ of learning: on the use of Halliday’s transitivity in academic skills advising. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 6(1),
Schleppegrell, M. J. (2013). The role of metalanguage in supporting academic language development. Language Learning, 63(S1),
Schleppegrell, M. J. and Go, A. L. (2007). Analyzing the Writing of English Learners: A Functional Approach. Language Arts, 84(6),
Schulze, J. (2011). Writing to Persuade: A systemic functional view. GIST Education and Learning Research Journal, 5,
Online
Nordquist Richard. (2017, March 24). Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL): Glossary of Grammatical and Rhetorical Terms. functional-linguistics
Mannion, Patrick. (2015, Nov 7). An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics [Video File] Retrieved from
Lukin, Annabelle. Macquarie University. Videos of Lectures: An Introduction to Functional grammar