1. Technical English Episode 5 High-Tech Material Cools Buildings, Sends Heat Into Space

2. High-Tech Material Cools Buildings, Sends Heat Into Space
Before reading the text
Using air conditioning system is the only way to keep the buildins cool.
To chill objects even under daylight without using electricity.
We can not keep astronauts cool under sunlight exposure.
In summer car’s inside can not be kept cool under sunshine without using air conditioner.
Air conditioning sytems use very little amount of electricity.
A passive cooling system uses no electricity at all.
_True_ False No idea
______ _______ ________

3. High-Tech Material Cools Buildings, Sends Heat Into Space

4. High-Tech Material Cools Buildings
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space. The researchers say the material can cool buildings even on hot days.
The cooling material is a very thin sheet with many layers that could be placed on a roof like solar panels. However, instead of turning sunlight into energy as solar panels do, the material turns heat into infrared radiation.
Shanhui Fan is an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University. He says that the panels have a layer of material that is like sand. He says that the panels act like a mirror. They take heat out of buildings and reflect the light from the sun. He says both the heat and sunlight are sent 100 kilometers into outer space.
"It's a structure that cools itself without electricity input, even under the sun. So, what it does is basically radiate heat to outer space and also reflect the sunlight so it doesn't get heated up by the sun. And the net result is you get something that if you put on the roof will have a temperature below ambient air temperature by a significant amount."

5. High-Tech Material Cools Buildings
The panels are cool to the touch, even in the sun. Researchers say they can reduce the indoor temperature to nearly 5 degrees Celsius below the temperature outside.
Mr. Fan says it is like having a window into space. He says the heat is sent directly into space without warming the air.
He says buildings in developing countries that do not have electricity or air conditioning could use the panels.
“In areas where one is off-grid, there is a significant potential benefit for storing medicine or even food. In many of these situations, being able to reduce the temperature is important. And this would provide a way to do it."
The Stanford researchers described their technology in the science publication Nature. They say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels. They say it may be possible to develop a cooling spray that could be used on existing solid structures.
The researchers believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years. They say as much as 15 percent of the energy used in the United States is spent providing power to air conditioning systems.

6. Words to Learn USEFUL EXPRESSIONS Underline the words you do not know.
sheet
roof
reflect
ambient
off-grid
benefit
exposure
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
a significant amount
layer of material
act like a mirror
cool to the touch
significant potential benefit

7. sheet : /ʃiːt/ Definition:
a thin flat piece of something such as metal or glass, that usually has four sides
Sample sentence:
Cover the dish with a sheet of plastic wrap.

8. sheet : /ʃiːt/

9. roof : /ruːf $ ruːf, rʊf/ Definition:
the structure that covers or forms the top of a building, vehicle, tent etc
Sample sentence:
We'll need a ladder to get up on the roof.

10. roof : /ruːf $ ruːf, rʊf/

11. reflect : /rɪˈflekt/ Definition:
if a surface reflects light, heat, or sound, it sends back the light etc that reaches it
Sample sentence:
Wear something white – it reflects the heat.

12. reflect : /rɪˈflekt/

13. ambient: /ˈæmbiənt/ Definition:
Surrounding, the temperature etc of the surrounding area
Sample sentence:
The ambient temperature for each day of the study was determined from local weekly weather statistics.

14. ambient: /ˈæmbiənt/

15. off-grid
Definition:
if you live off-grid, you do not use the normal electricity, gas, or water supply
Sample sentence:
They supply all types of off-grid energy products for caravans and motorhomes.

16. off-grid

17. exposure : /ɪkˈspəʊʒə $ -ˈspoʊʒər/
Definition:
the state of being exposed to contact with something
Sample sentence:
For one thing, the rate is dependent on temperature, and exposure to direct sunlight over long periods increases hydration

18. exposure : /ɪkˈspəʊʒə $ -ˈspoʊʒər/

19. Answer the Questions :
1 - What new technology does the article describe?
A new way to make low-cost solar power.
A heating system for developing countries.
A new construction material for tall buildings.
A new kind of material that cools buildings.
2- How does the new technology work?
It takes cool air from space to cool a building.
It reflects sunlight and sends off heat into space.
It uses electricity to cool the roof of a building.
It uses solar power to run cooling machines.

20. Answer the Questions :
3- What are some advantages of the technology, according to Mr. Fan?
It cools a building without the use of electricity.
It would make storing medicine or food easier.
It provides cooling without heating the surrounding air.
It provides all of these benefits to those using it.
4- What challenge do the scientists face in their future work?
Finding a source of pure water for their cooling sprays.
Limiting the use of energy in air conditioning systems.
Making actual cooling systems using the high-tech materials.
Water proofing buildings to be cooled by water sprays.

21. TEXT ANALYZING Listen and repeat exercises. Reading laudly.
Understand the text
-- Underline the verbs (Use pink colour)
-- Circle plural words (Use blue color)
-- Underline two times the words you do not know.
-- Highlight good expressions. (Use brown color)

22. Assignment - Assessment
Learn all vocabulary.
Listen to the text 10 times while reading, and listen to the same text 10 times without reading.
Then record your voice while reading.
Undersand the text deeply (TEXT ANALYZING)
Write the text on the right of your notebook, then analyze it on the left...
.. verbs, tense, plural nouns, - my favourite sentence, good expressions, words to learn
6. Summarize the text

23. ASSIGNMENT Make a sentence with the given expressions
move heat out of buildings
get heated up
developing countries
providing power