1. >> Fundamental Concepts in PHP

2. Variables Variable In PHP An entity that can hold a value
Variable Names start with “$” sign
Assignment operator is the same “=“
Must begin with a letter or an underscore (_)
Must contain only alpha-numeric values and underscore
No Spaces
Case-sensitive
NAMING RULES
TRY NOW
Create a variable called name and add your name as the value

3. Strings Strings PHP Like JavaScript, PHP also uses strings
String concatenation is done using “.” (unlike JavaScript where we use the “+” operator)
Provides a number of string processing functions
echo $txt1 . " " . $txt2;

4. Greater than or equal to
Operators
Inc / Dec
Operator
Name
++ x
Pre-increment
x ++
Post-increment
-- x
Pre-decrement
x --
Post-decrement
Comparison
Arithmetic
Operator
Name
x + y
Addition
x - y
Subtraction
x * y
Multiplication
x / y
Division
x % y
Modulus
Operator
Name
x == y
Equal
x === y
Identical
x != y
Not equal
x <> y
x !== y
Not identical
x > y
Greater than
x < y
Less than
x >= y
Greater than or equal to
x <= y
Less than or equal to
Logical
Operator
Name
x and y
And
x or y Or
x xor y
Xor
x && y
x || y
! x
Not

5. Conditional Conditionals PHP
Provides a way to have certain commands executed only if some condition is met
PHP
If statement
If…..Else statement
Switch statement

6. IF Conditional If statement TRY NOW SYNTAX Create a variable password{ }
SYNTAX
Create a variable password
Initialize it with a value
Now check if the password is equal to
If true, Echo “Welcome”
TRY NOW

7. IF-Else Conditional If-Else statement TRY NOW SYNTAX
if(cond) { }
else
SYNTAX
Now add an else statement to the previous statement
If the password is not correct then echo “You are in the wrong neighborhood”
TRY NOW

8. Complex Conditional If-Else statement with Complex Conditional TRY NOW
if(cond) { }
else
SYNTAX
Now add another variable called username and initialize to a value called “labuser”.
Now change the if condition to check if username is equal to “labuser” and password is equal to
TRY NOW

9. Switch Conditional Switch statement TRY NOW SYNTAX
switch (n) { case label1:    code to be executed if n=label1;    break; ………
default: }
SYNTAX
TRY NOW
Create and initialize a variable called item.
Then switch the variable
If item is eggs then echo “SAR 3.65”
If item is milk then echo “SAR 5.00”
Else echo out “SAR 0.00”

10. Loops
Looping
Provides a way to have certain block of commands to be executed again and again for certain number of times
PHP
While Loop
Do….While Loop
For Loop
ForEach

11. While Loop While statement TRY NOW SYNTAX
while(cond) { }
SYNTAX
Use the while loop to repeat some text 10 times
TRY NOW

12. Do-While Loop Do-While statement At least runs the loop once TRY NOW{ }
while(cond);
SYNTAX
At least runs the loop once
Repeat the previous exercise using do-while loops instead.
TRY NOW

13. For Loop For Loop TRY NOW HINT: SYNTAX Create an array
for(init; cond; increment) { }
SYNTAX
Create an array
Display its elements using the for-loop
TRY NOW
HINT:
Use count() to get the length of the array

14. Functions in PHP Functions Group Block of Code Reusable Code TRY NOW
function name(paramters) {
return value; }
SYNTAX
Separate by comma
Use “$” sign
Create a function add() which takes two parameters and returns the result which is the sum of the two numbers.
TRY NOW

15. Important String Functions
Length: strlen(‘string’);
Substring: mb_substr(‘string’, start, length);
Break string into array: explode(break-char, ‘string’);
Join: implode(array-name, join-char);
Reverse: strrev(‘string’);
To Upper Case: strtoupper(‘string’);
To Lower Case: strtolower(‘STRING’);
Times Occurance: substr_count(‘My My’,’sub-string’);

16. Web-Based Systems - Misbhauddin
Next on PHP
Integrating PHP with HTML
Reusing PHP Files
Web-Based Systems - Misbhauddin

17. Web-based Systems | Misbhauddin
Mini-PHP Project
Mini Course Project
Build an e-commerce website
“Buy 4m Me”
Listing all items you want to sell through the online store
Customers can view and select the items
Customers can add them to their cart
Customer can checkout and make payment
Confirmation s
Web-based Systems | Misbhauddin