1. Why does Parkinson’s Disease occur?
Research Team Members
Berfin Akıl, Zeliha Akıl, Çağdaş İlteriş Kapusız
12 May, 2017
This presentation is submitted in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for
PSYC 374
Biological Psychology,
METU-NCC
Spring 2017

2. The Objectives of this presentation
To enlighten you about Parkinson’s Disease
To show the effects of PD
To make you aware of the risk factors

3. Outline Definition and general symptoms The causes of PD -Head injury
-Shortage of dopamine
-Loss of norepinephrine
-Environment & Genetic Interaction
Summary & Conclusion

4. Parkinson’s Disease

5. Described by James Parkinson in 1817. Syptoms
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a nervous system disorder that affects movement
Described by James Parkinson in 1817.
Syptoms
trembling hands, jaw, arms, legs or head
limbs and trunk stiffness
slowness of movement (bradykinesia)
imbalance

6. Other signs and syptoms
Fatique
Sleep problems
Depression
Behavioral change
Memory difficulties
Factors that effect Parkinson’s disease incidence
Age
Gender
Heredity
Environment

7. Head injury Injuries destroy dopamine-producing cells.
Head or brain trauma causes PD.

8. Shortage of dopamine Dopamine is responsible for transmiting signals.
nihseniorhealth.gov

9. Con’t
Substantia nigra and corpus striatum produce smooth, purposeful movement.
Lose of dopamine causes impairment in the movement
examinedexistence.com

10. Loss of norepiephrine
Loss of it explains non-movement features of parkinson’s
Such as; fatigue, irregular blood pressure, postural hypotension etc.

11. Genetic & Environment Interaction of both
Toxics and unhealthy life style
Twin study
No manifest evidence

12. Summary Symptoms Risk factors -head injury -shortage of dopamine
-loss of norepinephrine
-environmental and genetic factors

13. Question 1
Which one is not the secondary symptom of Parkinson’s Disease?
a.) tremor
b.) sleep problems
c.) depression
d.) fatigue A

14. Question 2 Which famous celebrity suffered from Parkinson’s Disease?
a.) Amy Winehouse
b.)Debbie Reynolds
c.) Kurt Cobain
d.) Muhammed Ali D

15. Question 3 For which reason boxers suffer from Parkinson’s Disease?
a.) Age
b.) Environment
c.) Head injury
d.) Shortage of dopamine C

16. references
What causes parkinson’s disease? (n.d).NIHSeniorhealth. Retrieved from: esparkinsonsdisease/01.html
Dolhun, R. (2016). Ask the MD: Head Trauma and Parkinson's Disease. Retrieved from:
What Is Parkinson's Disease?. (n.d.). Retrieved from:
Roth, E. (2016, September 6). What are the early signs of Parkinson’s disease? Retrieved from: slideshow/parkinsons-warning-signs
What Is Parkinson's?. (n.d.). Retrieved from:
Parkinson's disease. (2015, July 7). Retrieved from: factors/con
Parkinson's disease. (2015, July 7). Retrieved from: disease/basics/definition/con
Parkinson’s Disease Foundation. (2017). What Causes Parkinson’s? retrieved from:
Tanner, C. M. (2011). Environmental Factors and Parkinson’s: What Have We Learned? Retrieved from:
Gartner, C. E. (2006). Environmental Risk Factors for Parkinson ’s disease. Retrieved from: ature=H~jJDjPgMebS58d9w5QveNg02Vk36mYeUsyBweiaZgFekLVHKOIS77lFfMpGqlOcHJG7P 2FgjM7RTekweeP4pT1R4GtZlR44sArqSVAIYLlReVEwF7PffO6kqM8BkzYC- q0iEBi8zauvmDRlH3w7uarT6p8wZZueaZlgQMu6NwOjRMOaxBBG7JsNNetjhMsvZIXXm52zAFk j62WzKUCZtMFJ5wvexKXipXQ0n~KPHlxSkD3s7qWKt1V~k-lQx9xsOFHt03c~swc3SoN-