1. The Circulatory System
Period 7

2. Circulatory System or Cardiovascular System

3. What is it? A system responsible for the distribution of: Blood
Nutrients (amino acids and electrolytes)
Hormones
Oxygen
Other gases

4. Main Functions
Allows blood to flow through the body, carrying nutrients to and from cells.
In addition to blood, the circulatory system moves lymph, which is a clear fluid that helps rid the body of unwanted material.

5. Cardiovascular Component
Heart
Blood
Blood Vessels
The heart is a muscular pump, it’s main function is to propel blood throughout the body.

6. Chambers of the Human Heart
There are 4 chambers of the Human Heart:
Right Atrium (receives deoxygenated blood from the body)
Right Ventricle (pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs)
Left Ventricle (receives oxygenated blood from the lungs)
Left Atrium (pumps oxygenated blood into the body)

7. Circulatory Pathways Two Systems: Pulmonary Circuit (lungs)
Systemic Circuit (rest of the body)

8. Pulmonary Circulation
Lungs
A "loop" through the lungs where blood is oxygenated.
The pulmonary circulatory system sends oxygen depleted blood away from the heart through the pulmonary artery to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood to the heart through the pulmonary veins.

9. Pulmonary Circuit Deoxygenated blood:
Blood that has exchanged oxygen for carbon dioxide, contains mostly carbon dioxide
Blood enters Right Atrium from the rest of the body
Blood drains into Right Ventricle
Right ventricle contracts, forcing deoxygenated blood into pulmonary artery

10. Systemic Circulation Arteries Veins Coronary and Portal Vessels
Runs through the body to provide oxygenated blood. The blood from heart services the body's cells and then re-enters the heart.

11. Components of Blood Plasma Liquid component
Consists of water, sugar, fat, proteins and salt
Transports cells, waste, antibodies, clotting proteins, etc.
Red blood cells
Most abundant cell in blood
Bioconcave disk with no nucleus, allows travel through small vessels
Carries oxygen, throughout and returns carbon dioxide
White blood cells
Protects body from infection, one type targets infectious cells/tumors, other type targets bacteria/viruses
Platelets
Small fragments of cells
Help with clotting

12. Arteries Vs. Veins Carries oxygenated blood Can handle high pressure
Red blood vessels
Carries blood away from the heart
Located deeper in the body
Rigid cell walls
Carries deoxygenated blood
Layered with semilunar valves that prevent blood flow in the opposite direction
Blue blood vessels
Carries blood to the heart
Located close to the surface
Collapsible cell walls

13. Blood Pressure
The pressure of blood against blood vessel walls in the circulatory system.
Regulated by changes in diameter of blood vessels in response to changes in the cardiac output and stroke volume.
Cardiac output is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time interval of one minute.
Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the heart with each beat.

15. Homeostasis
Capillaries dilate, allowing heat from the blood to radiate off of the skin and out of the body (counteracts heat)
Prevents overheating
Your heart will beat faster and pump more blood to the cells that need the oxygen while exercising
Your cells use up more oxygen during exercise so oxygen needs to be moved through the body quicker

16. Disorders Related to the Circulatory System
Atherosclerosis - hardening of plaque on walls of blood vessels causes them to become less stretchy. Causes high blood pressure, kidney damage, heart damage, stroke. How to avoid: refrain from eating foods high in fat.

17. Disorders Related to the Circulatory System
Hemophilia - deficiency in factor VIII, an essential protein for clotting blood. Causes anemia, excessive bleeding.

18. Interaction with Respiratory System
The Circulatory system pumps blood into the lungs where carbon dioxide is taken from blood cells and oxygen is imputed back in for the cells to distribute to the body. The lungs then release the blood cells back into the heart and rest of the body to spread oxygen.

19. Interaction with the Digestive System
The Digestive System breaks down food into key nutrients and other smaller molecules. These molecules are then deposited in the bloodstream and distributed to other areas of the body where nutrients are needed.

20. Sources http://www.webmd.com/heart/chambers-of-the-heart
40/blood-flow-and-blood-pressure-regulation-227/blood-pressure /