1. Justice for the Poor Indonesia From Research to Operations
Presentation DC
6 June 2007

2. Objectives In this presentation we will:
Provide background on Indonesian context and state of the justice sector
Describe the origin and development of Justice for the Poor Indonesia from research to operations
Lay out our strategy for scaling up research and pilots to deliver national level impacts
With regard to law the WDR finds that this can be both a source of inequality and a potential tool for breaking inequality traps.

3. Indonesian Context Transition from autocracy to democracy
Large-scale decentralization
Unleashes social conflict in 7 provinces
Over 1 million IDPs at its peak
Economic growth -4% in conflict areas
Foreign Investment Low
Failure of justice a core element of the problem: World Bank CAS

4. Justice in Indonesia
Classic weaknesses of justice in the developing world
Under-resourced
Technically weak
Rife with corruption and political interference
Low public trust
Minimal relevance to the public at large
Challenges of legal pluralism
GOI says, “Desperate but not hopeless”

5. Justice for the Poor Phase One: Exploratory
Find out what is going on at the community level
Identify success factors where the poor utilize the justice sector to assert their rights
Determines that socio-political factors were crucial rather than legal technical
Legal literacy, public mobilization, scrutiny of state institutions

6. From Research to Operations
Phase Two: Experimental
Replicate the success factors into operational work
Two pilots operating in 4 provinces
Women’s Legal Empowerment
Revitalization of Legal Aid
Third pilot soon to commence in 2 provinces
Village Judicial Autonomy

7. The Justice for the Poor Model
Focus on community level
Public legal education
Build mediation skills
Provide avenues for complaint
Economic rights are the core
Land
Anti-corruption
Family law – marriage, divorce, inheritance
Labour rights – wage discrimination
Gender perspective
Links justice and poverty – consistent with popular conceptions of “justice”

8. Justice for the Poor Model
LEVEL:
Province
District
Sub-district
Village

9. Example: Revitalization of Legal Aid in Indonesia Program
Objective: Enhance capacity of existing village institutions to deliver legal aid and mediation services for the poor
Activities:
; 3 provinces
Established 98 community based legal aid/mediation posts
190 village paralegals & 160 village mediators formed
548 cases received from December 2005-December 2006
Community legal education & resolution of community disputes:
land, natural resources, labour, domestic violence, inheritance
Linking poor communities with external support: NGOs, media, reformers in government
Generating Demand for Reform: support community organization and advocacy to demand responsive executive and judiciary

10. Legal Aid Posts Delivering Services at the Grassroots Level

11. Scaling Up
After three years, generated research and analytical work, pilots in 500 villages
So what? 69,500 villages remain untouched. Links to government and institutional change?
Role of the Bank: convert the “boutique operations” to national level impacts

12. Phase 3: Consolidation & Scaling Up
Three main streams for achieving scale up and maximizing impact
1. Policy
National Access to Justice Strategy
Work on Regional Regulations
2. Operations
Insert the Justice for the Poor Model through poverty programs: addressing the justice elements of the development process
Main mechanism for implementing the strategy
Leveraging government funds for legal empowerment
3. NGO Strengthening
Crucial role as intermediary/implementing organizations

13. Challenges
Enhancing quality of the pilots – delivering success to justify the scale up
M&E: generate evidence of impact against
Income
Violent conflict
State-society relations