1. Calliope

2. Chapter 5 The Cell In Action
Section 1
Cell Energy

3. Key Concept
All cells need energy to carry out cell functions. However, cells may obtain and process energy in different ways.

4. Why Do You Get Hungry?

5. Why Do You Get Hungry?
1. Body’s way of telling you that your cells need energy.
2. Plants cells get their energy from the sun.
3. Animal cells get their energy from food.

6. From Sun to Cell Nearly all energy that fuels life comes from the sun.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants absorb energy from the sun and use it to make food.
The food that plants make gives them energy.
This food then becomes a source of energy for those who eat the plants (Us and Animals).

7. From Sun to Cell

8. Activity: Create your own Cycle

9. Energy Cycle Sun graphic Plant graphic Animal graphic Human graphic
Cut out and glue near the top of page 104.
Write a paragraph explaining your energy cycle below it.

10. Photosynthesis
Plant cells have molecules called pigments that absorb light energy.
Chlorophyll is the main pigment used in photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll is found in chloroplasts.

11. Photosynthesis 4. Plants cannot use the energy from the sun directly.
5. Instead, they use the energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into food.
6. A plant’s food is glucose, a simple sugar.

12. Photosynthesis
7. Glucose can then be stored and used by the plant’s cells.
8. Photosynthesis also produces oxygen.

13. Photosynthesis

14. Photosynthesis

15. Activity: Leaf
Refer to the tab on the website

16. Activity: Photosynthesis Visual and Accordion
Add color to the visual
Cut out and fold top tab
Tape towards the top of page 90
Photosynthesis Accordion
Color and add words to describe the pictures on the tabs
Cut out the solid black lines
Fold along the dotted lines so that it forms an accordion
Glue left-hand side onto page 90 behind Photosynthesis Visual

17. Getting Energy from Food
Animal cells cannot make their own food.
Animals must eat to get food.
Food must be broken down by an organism’s cells in order to free the energy.

18. Getting Energy from Food
4. Plant and animal cells must break down food in order to get the energy.
5. Cells can break down food in two ways:
1st. Cellular respiration – a process that uses oxygen.
2nd. Fermentation – a process that does not use oxygen.

19. Cellular Respiration
The word respiration means “breathing,” but cellular respiration is different.
It is a chemical process that happens in cells.
Takes place mostly in the mitochondria.
Food is broken down with O2 and H2O and energy is freed.

20. Cellular Respiration
6. Most of the freed energy is used to keep a constant body temperature.
7. Some energy is used to form ATP, which can be used by the cell later.

21. Cellular Respiration

22. Activity: Let Me Ask You…
Place your answers to the following questions directly onto page Include a graphic as part of your answer for 3 out of the 5 questions. Write down the question as well.
How do animals get energy?
What is the difference between cellular respiration and fermentation?
Where does cellular respiration take place?
What is food broken down into?
What is the energy released from food used for?

23. Activity: Interdependence
Color the Interdependence Foldable
Cut out and glue top of tab on top of page 122
Underneath the tab, describe the illustration and how all of the living things are dependent upon each other.
Factors in an ecosystem…
Illustrate an example of a biotic factor and an abiotic factor
Cut out and glue top of tab on bottom of page 122
Underneath the tab, explain what biotic and abiotic mean and how your illustrations relate to those concepts.

24. Connection Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Summing it up:
Photosynthesis changes CO2 and H2O into glucose.
The process also releases O2.
During cellular respiration, cells use O2 to break down glucose and free energy and CO2.
Each process makes the materials that are needed for the other process to occur.

25. Fermentation
Have you ever had a burning feeling in your leg muscles while you were running?

26. Fermentation Alternative method cells can use to get energy.
One kind of fermentation takes place in your muscles and makes lactic acid.
The buildup of lactic acid leads to muscle fatigue and a burning feeling.

27. Fermentation
4. This kind of fermentation also happens in the muscle cells of other animals and in some fungi and bacteria.

28. Activity: Fermentation Timeline
Use the Timeline Template to plot out 4 key events in the process of Fermentation. Cut it out and glue vertically in the center of page 114.
For each of the key events, you need both a written description and a graphic:
Event 1: A sport that requires extreme physical endurance.
Event 2: Body undergoing Cell Respiration to fuel performance in sport.
Event 3: Body switching over to Fermentation because you cannot keep up with the oxygen demand for Cell Respiration.
Event 4: Side affects from body resulting to Fermentation for too long.

29. Activity: Don’t Forget to Ferment
Using the Half-book foldable, you will:
On the tab side, illustrate an example of when fermentation can affect you (physical activity).
Cut out and glue top of tab side-ways on page 124.
Underneath the tab explain your illustration and how your body might switch to fermentation in some cases.