1. Phonics Meeting
January 2017

2. Aims
To demonstrate how we teach phonics throughout Paulton Infant School from EYFS to Year 2
To give you a broad understanding of phonics in EYFS and how this is taught
To introduce you to ‘Letters and Sounds’ and give you an overview of the different phases we teach throughout EYFS and KS1
To inform you about the Phonics Check that happens at the end of Year 1
To give you hints and tips about how you can help your child with phonics at home

3. o t s What is Phonics? ay ph sh sh i p = ship
Recognise sounds that each letter makes
o t s
Recognise sounds that combinations of letters make
ay ph sh
Blend these together to make a word
sh i p = ship

4. Phonemes and Graphemes
What is a phoneme?
A single unit of sound, there are only 26 letters in the alphabet so sometimes letter combinations are used to make a sound
For example: ea, ph, ll
There are 44 phonemes
What is a grapheme?
A grapheme is the written representation of a phoneme
Here is a phoneme.
What do you mean- you can’t see anything?
Of course you can’t see anything. It’s a phoneme.
You can only hear a phoneme.

5. Phonemes pig through shrink claps teacher eight found stairs
Test your phonemic awareness!
A phoneme is a single unit of sound. Every time you do something different with your lips, teeth, tongue, you are making a new sound.
How many phonemes can you hear in the following words?
pig
through
shrink
claps
teacher
eight
found
stairs

6. Phonemes pig p/i/g – 3 through th/r/ough - 3 shrink sh/r/i/n/k – 5
claps
c/l/a/p/s - 5
teacher
t/ea/ch/er – 4
eight
eigh/t – 2
found
f/ou/n/d – 4
stairs
s/t/air/s - 4

7. Graphemes Here is a grapheme.
A grapheme is a letter or group of letters which represent a phoneme.

8. Digraphs and Trigraphs
When 2 letters are needed to represent a phoneme, it is called a digraph as in:
sh oa ai th
If 3 letters are needed, it’s called a trigraph.
igh air ear

9. Split Digraphs How to split a digraph…
A split digraph is when the 2 letters representing the phoneme are not together in the word, such as…
time pane Rome .
In ‘time’ the ‘i’ and the ‘e’ represent the long vowel phoneme but they are not together in the word.

10. EYFS- Phase 2 Letters and Sounds
To teach 19 letter sounds (phonemes) and their graphemes
Move children onto blending and segmenting to read words
Learn to read some high frequency tricky words

11. EYFS ~ Sound Buttons

12. Decodable words Tricky words
c a t
d o g
a n d to no
the

13. Phase 3
To teach another 25 letter sounds (phonemes) and their graphemes, most of them with two letters e.g. sh, oa, ng
Learn letter names
To read and begin to spell some tricky words

14. Phase 4
When beginning Phase 4, children will know a grapheme for all phonemes
The main aim of this phase is to consolidate the children's knowledge from Phase 2 and Phase 3
Children will learn to read and spell words which have adjacent consonants, such as trap, string and milk

15. Phase 4
Trap
String
Milk

16. Phase 4 (Tricky Words) so like come were said have when one some
little do
out
there
what

17. How can you help?
Read daily and record into yellow reading records at least weekly
Practise words from word bags
Red words - must be sight read; white words are decodable (use sound buttons)
Use letter sounds, not letter names for sounding out

18. Year 1 Your children are now in Key Stage 1
This is the start of the National Curriculum
First encounter of a DfE test at the end of this year
Phonics Screening Check

19. Year 1 Expectations
By the end of Year 1 children are expected to be independently and confidently reading and writing words containing all of the phonemes and graphemes from Letters and Sounds

20. What is the Phonics Screening Check?
A quick and easy check of children’s phonic knowledge
Divided into 2 sections each section containing 20 words, a mix of real words and non-words.
Real
words
Alien
Words

21. What is the Phonics Screening Check?
Children work 1:1 with their teacher for approximately 9 minutes
It is a test of decoding skills
Pass mark has in the past been 32 / 40 although this is subject to change and we are not informed until after the test
The majority of children are expected to be able to pass this test
The National Average was 81%

22. How can you help?
Take some time to familiarise yourself with the sounds and how phonics works
Practise little and often
Sound spot (look for digraphs, trigraphs and split digraphs first)
Use your finger
Don’t guess
Sound out aloud
Blend the word together
Coming soon – Phonics page on the website!
If your child is struggling, use sound buttons to help
If you need any support, please come and ask any of us
You can’t sound out every words- some you will just need to know

23. End of Year 1
Increased Government expectation but achievable expectation for the majority of children
We recognise that every child learns at different rates
We do personalise learning and we will support children as best we can
We really need your support with this at home

24. Year 2 Children
For those that don’t pass, children will need to retake the test in Year 2 and will be expected to pass
Even though your child can retake the test, the curriculum in Year 2 has a very different focus and moves on
Children will need to be in intervention groups and may need extra support to help them to pass the check at the end of the year.

25. Phonics in Year 2 ~ Phase 6 Automatically read familiar words
Able to decode unfamiliar words
Decode complex words by sounding them out
The main aim is for children to become more fluent readers and more accurate spellers

26. Phonics in Year 2
In Year 2 the teaching of graphemes and phonemes within the whole class stops although the children are still expected to use these within their reading and writing
We begin learning about spelling rules
Suffixes, prefixes
Homophones
Adverbs
Accurate spelling
Common exception words

27. Suffixes ~ Ending of words
est ed
ful
ment
ness
ing er y
less

28. Suffixes ~ Spelling Rules
jump + ed = jumped
smile + ed = smileed
jog + ed = jogged

29. Year 2 ~ Phonics still matters!
The bigger picture of reading is far more important
We are teaching the children to infer and deduce from the text
Read with fluency, accuracy, expression and intonation
We ask the children to make predictions, talk about the authors choice of words, make personal choices about reading and explain their choices
Children will find this a lot easier if they have mastered the use of phonics in their reading in EYFS and Year 1

30. End of Year 2 Assessments ~ SATs

31. Extracts from 2016 SATs

32. Extracts from Reading Paper 2016

33. Helpful Tips! Daily reading with questions about the text
Always write in yellow reading record books; these are used as part of our evidence
Come in to hear readers!
Bring in book bags every day
Encourage children to read their own books, books from the library as well as school books
We want them to develop a love of reading

34. Any Questions?