1. Scientific Notation and Exponent Rules

2. Scientific Notation
Used to write very large numbers or very small numbers
N x 10 n where 1 N < 10 and n is an integer

3. Standard Notation to Scientific Notation
Drop of water contains this many molecules
33,000,000,000,000,000,000
3.3 x 1019
Relative Density of Hydrogen
g/cm3
8.99 x 10-5

4. 3,400
3.4 x 103
0.010
1.0 x 10-2
1,000,000
1 x 106
4.5
4.5 x 100

5. Product Rule for Exponents
Rule #1 - When dividing like bases, subtract the exponents.
Rule #2 - When multiplying like bases, add the exponents.

6. Product Rule for Exponents
x2 x3 = x5
xm xn = x m+n =
6 x x 105 =
25 x x 105 =
109
42 x 107 = 4.2 x 108
50 x 1010 = 5.0 x 1011

7. DD (degree day): degrees over 65 or under 65 in a day.
General definitions:
BTU (British Thermal Unit): energy it takes to raise 1 pound of water 1 degree F
DD (degree day): degrees over 65 or under 65 in a day.
Ex. 80 degrees is equal to 15 cooling DD or 55 degrees is equal to 10 heating DD
You can count this up for a month or year and get an idea of how much you might spend on your energy bill in that area

8. Hotchkiss Power Plant, Average Year
Oil = 273,704 gallons
Electricity = 1,071,312 kwh
Space = 348,355 square feet
DD = 6870 DD
Costs: Oil $22.60 per barrel
Electricity 8.5 cents/kwh

9. Oil 273,704 gallons x 150,000 BTU 1 gallons = 4.11 x 1010 BTU
Elec ,071,312 kwh x 3413 BTU
1 kwh
= 3.66 x 109 BTU
Total BTU: 4.11 x BTU x BTU =
4.476 x 1010 BTU

10. Calculating cost Oil 3,914,419 gallons $22.60/barrel
Elec. 1,071,312 $0.085/kwh
Oil:
273,704 gallons x 1 Barrel x $22.60 =
42 gallons Barrel
$147,278.82
Elec.:
1,071,312 kwh x $ = $91,062.52
kwh
$147, $91, = $238,341.34