1. Unit 3
Prefixes and suffixes ＆
Organs of the body

2. Quiz Fill in the blank with proper words.
1.My pen ____________. I cannot find it. (appear)
2.The book is on the top shelf. I’m so short that I am _________ to reach it. (able)
3.It’s ___________ for him to catch the early bus. Because he got up too late this morning. (possible)
4. __________________ leads to quarreling. (understand)
disappeared
unable
impossible
Misunderstanding

3. 6.Miss Wang is a __________. She loves her job writing novels. (novel)
5.Mr Li is _____________. He is always helping others and is a good citizen. (respect)
6.Miss Wang is a __________. She loves her job writing novels. (novel)
7.The teacher’s words were a great _________________ to him. (encourage)
8.Hangzhou is so ____________that it attracts many visitors. (beauty)
9.There was some _________ about the age of the mummies. No one knew the exact time.(agree)
respectable
novelist
encouragement
beautiful
disagreement

4. disagreement suffix(后缀) root (词根) prefix(前缀)
Prefix: a group of letters that is added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning.
Suffix: a letter or a group of letters added to the end of a word to make a
different word.

5. Prefix Example Meaning anti- anti-cloning against, opposed to dis-
disappear
not, opposite of
un-
unfair
incorrect
in-
il-
im-
ir-
illegal
not, without
immoral
irresponsible
pre-
preview
early, before
pro-
pro-cloning
in favor of, supporting
recreate
again
re-
More examples

6. Suffix Example Meaning -able -ful -ist -less -ment -ness
worthy of, able to be
-able
comfortable
full of, characterized by
-ful
cheerful
someone who does something
-ist
scientist
hopeless
-less
without
indicate a state or condition
-ment
agreement
indicate a quality, state or character
-ness
dryness

7. Competition Let’s see who can list more examples with the prefixes
and suffixes.

8. Prefix Example Meaning de- decompose, declassify
apart, from分开解散
de-
decompose, declassify
maltreatment, malnutrition
mal-
badly, ill
non-
non-smoker, non-alcoholic, non-profit
not
international, interaction, interrupt
inter-
between
tele-
telescope, telegram, telecommunication
far off远程

9. Prefix
Example
Meaning
transport, translate, transnational
across
trans-
mis-
misunderstand, mislead, misdeed
wrong
sub-
subtitle, subway, submarine
under
over-
overeat, overwork, overact
too much过多

10. Some other commonly used suffixes
cultural, national, original
of or concerning
-al
invitation, competition, protection
action or condition of…
-ion
hardship, scholarship, relationship
state of being, skill
-ship
condition or state of…
-dom
freedom, kingdom,
childish, selfish
of the nature of…
-ish

11. -proof
waterproof, fireproof, soundproof
protect against
make or become
-en
widen, sharpen, shorten
eastward, homeward, backward
-ward
in the direction of
-like
womanlike, childlike
similar to

12. Let’s fill in the blanks with what we learned just now.
disrespect hopeless illegal uncertain understandable
I think cutting down trees should be made ______and tighter laws should be introduced. So many people are showing their _______ for nature; they don’t seem to care that they are destroying the environment. Sometimes I think we’re fighting a _______battle against people who just don’t listen. I know scientists have worked hard to achieve scientific breakthroughs but it’s _______whether they’ll ever succeed totally. Although it’s ___________ that they want to advance technology, I think some things are best left the way they are.
illegal
disrespect
hopeless
uncertain
understandable

13. Are you familiar with your body
Are you familiar with your body? Work in pairs and name the parts of your body as many as you can.
hair
forehead
eyelid
shoulder
ear
eyebrow
neck
eye
finger
nose
mouth
wrist
hand
ankle
arm
foot
leg
knee
toe

14. Can you name more parts of your body? Let’s try.
throat
trachea
lung
stomach
heart
liver
gallbladder
alvine
large intestine

15. heart brain lungs liver kidney stomach What are their functions?
Control the other organs
Use the oxygen we breathe
brain
Pass the blood around the body
lungs
heart
liver
stomach
Store the food we eat
kidney
Clean the blood
Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine

16. Activity 1
Believe it or not
If you compare our body to our school life, you will be amazed how similar they are!

17. Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine
BODY VERSUS SCHOOL
Control the other organs
Control the other organs
Headmaster
brain
Pass the blood around the body
heart 知识
Teacher
Student
Cleaners and security guards
Use the oxygen we breathe
lungs
liver
School life
Notebook
Clean the blood
(oxygen)
Clean the blood
Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine
stomach
Store the food we eat
Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine
kidney

18. Fill in the blanks with the names of body parts .
Think of the body like a school. At the top of the school is the headmaster, known as the _____. This is the organ that controls the rest of the organs, just like the headmaster controls the school. After this comes the _____. It is like a teacher. This organ passes the blood around the body so it can run well. This is similar to the knowledge a teacher gives to students. Next is the _____, which is the student. This organ is the only one that can re-grow itself . It helps to clean the blood. This is like knowledge students get from teachers. Students always grow with newly found knowledge . The _____are the organs of the body that use the oxygen we breathe. Think of the oxygen as the life you lead at school . The _______ is very useful as it stores the food we eat until we can digest it properly. This is similar to the learning process. We store the information until we need to use it. So this organ is like a notebook. The ______are the organs that
brain
heart
liver
lungs
stomach
kidneys

19. remove waste products from the blood and produce
urine. They are like the cleaners, repairmen and
security guards who look after your school. The last
major organ is the bladder. This is the organ that
removes our waste. Not all the information you get
at school is kept . The undesirable elements are
removed. Now you can see how similar your school
life is to your body and you can look after them both.

20. Homework: 1.Revise what we learned in this class .
2.Find out from your Biology teacher the names of other major parts of the body.Then find their English names in your dictionary.

21. Bye-bye!