1. Chapter 3
What are the reasons?

2. 1. You cannot determine the worth of a conclusion until you identify the reasons.
a. True
b. False 10

3. 2. An argument is always a disagreement.
a. True
b. False 10

4. 3. Reasons could be considered “supporting details”.
a. True
b. False 10

5. 4. Argument = 15 conclusion minus offense offense plus defense
reasons plus conclusion 15

6. 5. As a suggestion, when one bright person addresses another, each should first say
“Listen!”
“Wait!”
“Prove it!” 10

7. 6. In identifying reasons in an argument, your first question should begin with
why
who
how
what 10

8. 7. The “principle of charity” in determining reason(s). . .
is only for nice people
gives credit for a given idea or evidence even if it’s support for the conclusion is doubtful
considers the reason for the sake of fairness to the author
evaluates each reason carefully
both b and c 22

9. 8. The reasons in a(n) __________ argument are either general, prescriptive statements or descriptive beliefs or principals.
descriptive
prescriptive 10

10. 9. Reasons are often an afterthought when you use
“reverse logic”
“backward reasoning”
weak-sense critical thinking
all of the above 20

11. 10. Which of these transition words does not usually indicate a reason
because of the fact
therefore
in view of
as a result 15