1. Sector Collector Electronics
Consolidation of DT
Sector Collector Electronics
C. Fernández Bedoya on behalf of DT Upgrade group

2. DT SC Consolidation: Motivation
Proposed upgrade is not motivated by the physics performance but by the fact that aging and other risks may jeopardize detector operation and contribute to an accelerated degradation
Magnetic fields (40 mT) => tangential turbines
SC crate power consumption (aprox 1 kW) is already marginal for CMS cooling system in the cavern. Temperature of some boards reach 45ºC.
Turbines aging will lead to accelerated aging of the system and increased failure rate.
Radiation doses 0.2 Gy per year (charged particle fluxes 20 cm-2 s-1)
SC boards include large amount of logic, sensitive to SEU. Higher L => higher SEU rate.
Important constrain for future upgrades.
Limited access tighten to LHC technical stops and radiation protection issues
In case of failure, it can take easily one week until access to the cavern is granted.
Impact of failures in the detector can be VERY LARGE:
Part failing
Affected region
%DT affected
LINCO
Half a wheel in trigger and read-out
10%
TIM
ROS
1 Sector in the readout
1.7%
TSC
1 Sector in the trigger
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 2

3. DT SC Consolidation: Motivation
We think this modification is a necessary change to allow future modifications that are forced to happen in a tight LHC schedule and happen simultaneously with a system that is already working
-Compatibility between present and future systems is very advisable (if not mandatory)
-LHC shutdowns tight considerably any change in UXC (i.e. installing fibers, replacing modules in UXC, etc) Development of a new system in UXC has to be planned to match this shutdowns.
-In order to commission an new system we are not going to have as much time as we have now, plus we may have less manpower
-A 1 to 1 channel conversion allow us to have in USC exactly what we have in UXC without adding extra L1A latency (serialization, etc), so it gives a lot of flexibility for future improvements
-For phase 2 the plan is not decided yet, but we should aim to minimize artificial frontiers if not needed (i.e. multiplexing in same link different type of information), having in USC what you have in the detector opens yourself to basically all the approaches you can think of.
-Very likely, time will determine what is more convenient and we can only foresee how to make the system more reliable until the best option to change appears without adding more limitations
C. Fernández Bedoya November 17th, 2010 3

4. DT Sector Collector - 2 SC crates per wheel
- Located in tower racks in UXC level 2 Near
- 60 ROS and 60 TSC boards in the system (1 per sector)
- Complex electronic system
- Main elements:
LINCO, TIM, ROS, TSC
LINCO
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 4

5. Proposed Upgrade
-Relocation of DT SC electronics in the USC counting room
-Make a “simple” copper to OF conversion at SC level
-Modify input mezzanines of ROS and TSC
Low impact modifications: compatible with present system and with possible future upgrades
Present system
Proposed upgrade
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 5

6. Cu to OF conversion Present proposal is to make a 1 to 1 channel Cu-OF
(Present links are copper based which length cannot be increased without compromising its reliability)
Optical fiber
240Mbps
240 Mbps
480 Mbps
480Mbps
Copper
In the tower racks (substituting present SC)
Plus few components for bias setting (DAC) and monitoring.
OF could be extracted from the back of the SC crate
VME interface at tower rack may not be needed
Power can be extracted from present power supplies
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 6

7. My proposal for a CUOF board (for a TSC-32 links): 9U format VME
Individual fibers (integrated patch pannel on board)
SLOW CONTROL:
-VME J1 connector?
-Standalone system?
-Integrated with Minicrates secondary connection?
Copper cables from Minicrates
MTP connectors (12 fibers each)
Mezzanines
Fibers extracted from the back of the rack
ecualizer
Laser driver
VCSEL (LC connected?)

8. ARRANGEMENT OF FIBERS IN CABLES
One possibility that looks promising:
MTP of 12 channels each. Cables of 12 MTP ribbons (144 OF/cable).
PER SECTOR
ROS
3 MTP/sector = 36 links
11 spares (44%)
TSC-32
4 spares (16%)
TSC-40
4 MTP/sector = 48 links
8 spares (32%)
PER SECTOR COLLECTOR CRATE
Assuming cables of 12 ribbons (and separating completely RO and TRG):
ROS
3 MTP * 6 ROS = 18 MTP ribbons
2 of 144-cables = 24 MTP
6 spares (33%)
TSC
3 MTP * 5 TRG MTP * 1 TRG-40 = 19 MTP ribbons
5 spares (26%)
TOTAL ROS+TRG => 4 cables-144 / SC crate
PER WHEEL
TOTAL ROS => 4 cables-144 / WHEEL
TOTAL TRG => 4 cables-144 / WHEEL
TOTAL ROS+TRG => 8 cables-144 / WHEEL
TOTAL
TOTAL ROS => 20 cables-144
TOTAL TRG => 20 cables-144
TOTAL ROS+TRG => 40 cables-144

9. Installation of fibers
Number of links between Minicrates and SC electronics
Per Sector
Per Wheel
Total
ROB to ROS 25
300
1500
SB to TSC
32/40*
400
2000
57/65
700
3500
*(S4 and S10 have 5 DT chambers each instead of 4)
Large number of fibers
4 of these cables per SC crate
(40 cables in total, large number of spare fibers)
Total cross section needed around 100 cm2
144 fibers cable
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 9

10. RACK WIZARD TOOL (read only):
Sector Collector (SC) crates in UXC Level 2 near

11. 5 racks
10 SC crates (2/wheel)

12. Routing of the fibers should be done through present “trigger” tunnels

15. -CERN EN/EL/EF section can provide and manage optical fiber installation.
-We are in contact with them. -

16. OF input stage
In principle, there is enough space below the false floor in S1 USC to recover extra cable lengths (though it depends on the exact racks to be used).
Main problem is to allocate the SC crates in S1:
-10 SC crates 11U each
-To minimize L1A latency, they should be close to DTTF racks (S1D01 and S2D02)
-In DT racks at present there is only space to allocate 6 SC crates (and not very close to DTTF)
(Relocation can be done in batches of half a wheel)
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 16

17. DTTF
3 SC
DTTF
1 SC
3 SC (if DT DSS moves)
3 SC
15 U

18. DT SC consolidation: Plan
PRESENT PLAN
1. Fibers installation (2012 – if shutdown moves, then in 2013):
-Requires long access time
-Needs to be done simultaneously for all the fibers
2. Scaled installation at any time (winter shutdowns). Minimal unit is half a wheel.
-Modification of TSC and ROS input mezzanines
-Relocation of SC electronics in USC
Estimated cost 800 k€ (+600k€ if ROS and TSC are totally redesigned)
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 18

19. Back up

20. DTTF
BPTX
33 U
16 U
10 U*
DTTF
bottom
10 U
13 U
13 U empty
13*+13 U empty
15 U
0 U
16 U
10 U*
16 U
10 U*
14 U*
33 U
0 U
15 U
Since 26 U
Since 26 U
0 U
In row D we could put more racks to the left, in the corridor, there is space
0 U

23. SC to USC
-Move SC crates to USC (VME access in UXC may not be needed, compatible with future RS485 board)
-Modify input ROS and TSC mezzanines for OF reception
Fully compatible with present system
Drawbacks:
-trigger latency may be slightly increased
-Find space in USC for 10 SC crates
-Route large number of fibers (with present 48 fibers => 73 cables)

24. DT Chambers YB+2 YB+1 YB0 YB-1 YB-2 250 chambers 5 wheels24
May 29th, 2009
C. F. Bedoya
DT Chambers
Sector 4
YB+2
YB+1
YB0
YB-1
YB-2
Sector 5
Sector 3
Sector 6
Sector 2
Sector 7
Sector 1
MB2
MB1
MB3
MB4
Sector 8
Sector 12
Sector 9
Sector 11
Sector 10
250 chambers
5 wheels
12 sectors/wheel
4 layers/sector:
MB1, MB2, MB3, MB4
172,200 drift cells
Covers 0<η<1.2.
Provide muon identification
Precise momentum measurement. Good pT resolution at high
transverse momenta: σ(pT)/pT~ 1TeV/c
Reliable and robust trigger:
pT standalone Level-1 and High Level Trigger
and precise Bunch Crossing (BX) assignment.

25. DT Chamber DT Cell  DT Chambers 25 May 29th, 2009 C. F. Bedoya
Tmax < 400 ns
Efficiency ~ 99%
Drift velocity ~ 55 μm/ns 
DT Cell
Anode wire
3 Superlayers per chamber, 2 for Ф coordinate and 1 for  coordinate.
Almost linear space-time relationship.
Single wire resolution ~ 250 µm
Local reconstruction (rФ) ~ 100 µm
Gas: Ar/CO2 (85/15)%
High Voltage: wires kV
strips kV
cathods -1.2 kV

26. 26
May 29th, 2009
C. F. Bedoya
Minicrate
Attached to the DT Chambers it contains the first level read-out, trigger and full chamber control electronics.
CCB: Full chamber control and monitoring: configures, sets thresholds, reads temperatures, etc.
CCBlink: Connects the CCB to the external DT DCS system.
TRB: Searches track segments and performs bunch identification.
SB: Performs track selection and transmits to TSC.
ROB: Time digitalization of signals coming from the chambers.
ROLINK: Collects outputs from ROBs and sends it to the ROS.
New Minicrate firmware means new CCB firmware.

27. MC secondary link upgrade for 2012 shutdown From Franco G.
Replacement of 485 boards (10) housed in SC crates
Improvements in secondary link system done 2 years ago
have solved the many RS485 IC ruptures on MC linkboard
But:
Improvements were realized with many ‘handmade’ patches added to boards
The UXC-USC link for half wheel is slow, 38.4Kbps
Often 485 boards lost communication with DCS (last week 2 of 10, sometimes more)
Recovering requires cycling on/off the SC crate
Enhancement of MC communications reliability
Integration of all patches on PCB
new
485
board
Maximization of USC-UXC link speed
Boards remain compatible with present hardware
Required the modification of part of DCS server software
Cost: about 15Keuro. Man power by INFN PD

28. present system after 2008 improvements
MC SECONDARY LINK
present system after 2008 improvements
From Franco G.
Primary serial link -> optical fiber MC
communication
Secondary serial link -> RS485 copper chain
Half wheel
RS485 board
38.4Kbps
Sector 1/7
driver485
Sector 2/8
driver485
38.4Kbps
UXC
Upper/bottom
SC 9U crate
Sector 3/9
controller
Sector 4/10
driver485
38.4Kbps
Sector 5/11
driver485
38.4Kbps
Sector 6/12
UXC-USC optical link
38.4Kbps
485 chain termination
& overvoltage protection

29. From Franco G.
Proposed new 485 BOARD
485 chain termination
& overvoltage protection
RS485
38.4Kbps
RS422 link to ADLINK PMC8681
(PMC board already mounted on VME SC crate controller)
230.4Kbits full duplex
S1/S7
S2/S8
485 link
controllers
1/sector
S3/S9
USC Interface controllers
S4/S10
S5/S11
S6/S12
Backup optical link
38.4Kbps for present system compatibility
(upgradable to full duplex)
Power from LV caen module

30. Consequences of LHC plan for DT:
Reassess the robustness of our stock of spares, in particular for on detector electronics (with only 2 openings of CMS, the number of hot spares needs to be larger than planned):
Meticulous failure rate measurements during 2010
On detector electronics:
Not sensible redoing the Minicrates before 2020, however we are for sure short of BTIM.
Present approach is remaking the theta trigger boards and use old boards to retrieve spare BTIMs
UXC racks electronics:
CAEN Low Voltage connectors: weak point in particular for A3100.
Plan is to move to A3100B (bolts) this year.
For A3050 the plan is to test lubricant in 10% of the detector this year and see how it behaves.
Sector Collector electronics:
Currently we need to wait until LHC stops to get UXC access in order to fix a SC problem. A SC problem may handicap a large fraction of the detector (min a sector in trigger or readout).
Present approach under study is to make a “simple” copper to OF conversion at SC level and move SC electronics to USC
Expectations: 3 ROBus/year , 5 TRB/year, 1 CCB Link/year
Failure rate= 46 in 2009, 4 in 2010
Failure rate low at present (~1/year)

31. Equalizer
Laser driver
25/ROS
32/TSC …
Equalizer

32. DT Electronics Sector Collector
Second level of DT read-out and trigger
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 32
DTTF

33. DDU ROS ROB DT CHAMBERS DT Read-Out System UXC55 USC55 DDU (FED)
40 m copper
240 Mbps
~16 Mbps throughput
60 m optical
800 Mbps
~80 Mbps throughput
S-LINK64
320 MB/s
~ 200 MB/s throughput
DDU (FED)
10 DDU => half a wheel
12 ch/DDU (only half needed)
Data merging
Data quality monitoring
TTS interface
~ 0.7 kB muon event size/DDU
Chambers
5 wheels
60 sectors
250 chambers
660 super-layers
1640 layers
~ channels
Minicrates
1500 ROB
128 ch/ROB
Time digitalization (0.7 ns resolution)
1 µs time window
Sector Collector
60 ROS
25 ch/ROS => sector
Data merging
Data quality monitoring
~ 260 bytes muon event size/ROS
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 33

34. DT Trigger System TSC 40 m copper 480 Mbps 60 m fiber 1.6 Gbps OptoRX
C. Fernández Bedoya October 26th, 2010 34