1. How to Read a Graphic Novel
Aim  How will students navigate the words and picture of Maus to develop the visual literacy needed to read a graphic novel?

2. Graphic Novel or Comic Book?
When most people here the phrase ‘graphic novel’ they think ‘comic books.’ Superheroes like Wonder Woman, Wolverine and the Green Lantern come to mind.

3. Graphic Novel or Comic Book?
Comic Books
Graphic Novels
Comic Books are usually a ‘series.’ That means they are intended to come up with new stories every month.
The mood of a comic book is generally suspenseful and exciting.
Comic books are generally fantasy and science fiction.
Graphic Novels are one story (told in perhaps two or more volumes) that reach the end and stop.
The mood of a graphic novel can be more serious and reflective.
Graphic Novels are more realistic – usually historical, autobiographical or a memoir.
So then …. How are comic books and graphics the same?

4. Graphic Novel or Comic Book
Graphic Novels and Comics Books are the same in the way that they are read.
Let’s look at Maus and identify the following:
The “flow” of the story
Parts of a Graphic Novel
Things we should look for in the words and pictures

5. Maus: The “Flow” of the Story
Graphic novels rely on pictures and words to tell the story. These pictures and words are in panels.
Panels are the boxes in which the pictures and words appear.
The panels are read in sequence like the way you read the words of a page in a regular book.
Now you will look at two pages of MAUS – Don’t worry about reading the words, just follow the directions so you know how to move your eyes across the page.

6. Start here and follow the red arrows.

7. Graphic Novel: The Parts of the Story
Graphic novels are like regular stories – they have a plot, characters and all the other parts of a regular story.
A caption is information from the author that gives us important information about the setting or what a character is experiencing.
Sometimes a “caption” can appear inside –or outside - the panel.

8. This is the first page of MAUS
Caption #1
Caption #2
Caption #3
Caption #4
What captions tell us about the setting?
What captions tell us about the experiences of a character?

9. Graphic Novel: The Parts of the Story
Another important part of a graphic novel is dialogue.
Dialogue is what characters say to each other. Dialogue is conveyed through word balloons. Each word balloon has a “tail” to let you know what character is talking.

10. This is the first page of MAUS (again)
Is it clear which character is saying the dialogue in each word balloon?
Word Balloon #1
Word Balloon #3
Word Balloon #2
Word Balloon #4
Word Balloon #5
Word Balloon #6

11. MAUS: What to look for in words and pictures
In the captions and word balloons, some words are emphasized by being bigger or bolder.
This lets the reader know that there is a lot of emotion behind these words.
Look at Page One again and identify the emphasized words.

12. This is the first page of MAUS (again)
What words are emphasized? What emotions are the communicating?
Word Balloon #1
Word Balloon #3
Word Balloon #2
Word Balloon #4
Word Balloon #5
Word Balloon #6

13. MAUS: What to look for in words and pictures
In the pictures, the artist can use devices like shadow and style to help create a mood.
Dark shadows usually create a mood of fear or despair.

14. MAUS: What to look for in words and pictures
The style of the art can also help connect the creator to the reader.
In this story, we find out very early the author’s mother killed herself.
Later on, he tries to tell that story by dramatically changing the style – the way – he creates the art.
He even uses an actual picture of his mother with him when he was a small boy.
Does this make his pain more real to the reader? Why?

15. Now … Let’s start reading the book…