1. The Roaring Twenties
Mr. Webster’s Class

2. Vocabulary (Ch. 13)
Roaring Twenties – period of sustained economic prosperity during the 1920s
mass production – the rapid manufacture of large numbers of identical products
assembly line – arrangement of equipment and workers in which work passes from operation to operation in direct line until the product is assembled
consumer revolution – flood of new, affordable goods in the decades after WWI
modernism – artistic and military movement sparked by a break with past conventions
fundamentalism – movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principles
quota system – arrangement that limited the # of immigrants who could enter the U.S. from specific countries
flapper – young woman from the 1920s who defied traditional rules of conduct and dress

3. Textbook Assignment (Ch. 14)
For this activity, you will work with a partner, and together, you will be assigned a few pages to read from your textbook (Ch. 14).
Upon reading the text, you and your partner will choose one word that you feel describes the main theme or idea of the assigned passage. You will then write a few sentences to describe the theme, and you will also draw a picture that illustrates the theme.
Upon completion, you will present your finished product to the class.

4. Textbook Assignment (Ch. 15)
For this activity, you will work with a partner, and together, you will be assigned a few pages to read from your textbook.
Upon reading the text, you and your partner will create an acrostic poem that is relevant to the text. Throughout your acrostic poem, the first letter of each line should spell out a word or phrase that pertains to the reading. The poem must be historically relevant as well.
In addition, since you are only summing up a single page’s worth of findings, your poem should be brief. It should contain at least 6 lines however.

5. Review Assignment
For this assignment, you will be working with a partner, and together, you must use your textbook (Chapter 15) to create 10 questions and answers that you feel would make good test questions. You may have up to 3 vocabulary questions, but no true or false, fill in the blank, or multiple choice.
You may put all of your questions and answers on the same sheet of paper, but you must write down the page # where you got each of your questions and answers.
Once you have completed creating your questions and answers, you will submit them to me for accuracy.
Once each group has completed the activity, we will play a round of trivia.
The winning team will receive a reward.

6. Extra Credit Opportunity (due 12/10)
For this assignment, you need to conduct research and write a multi-paragraph essay (minimum of 3 paragraphs) about the history of a particular holiday, such as Halloween, Thanksgiving, Christmas, Hanukkah, Valentine’s Day, St. Patrick’s Day, Cinco de Mayo, etc. Your paper should explore the origins of the holiday, and it should also highlight how celebration of the holiday has evolved throughout the centuries. If there is a particular holiday you would like to research, and it was not mentioned above, please come and see me.
TO CONDUCT YOUR RESEARCH, YOU MUST CONSULT AND CITE A HISTORICAL SOURCE!
This assignment is worth 20 points. I will be giving 5 points for each of the following: focus, structure, evidence, and grammar/punctuation.
LATE SUBMISSIONS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED!

7. World Wars Journal Assignment – Part I (due 12/9)
For this assignment, you are to pretend that you are an American living during the period spanning the World Wars ( ). You have decided to start keeping a journal, and in that journal, you record your life experiences, including what is going on in the world around you.
Your first entry occurs in On that entry, you need to introduce yourself, and state your name, age, and any other personal information you may want to share (family, marital status, birthplace, etc.).
You must then make at least 10 entries for the years spanning 1914 to 1929, and each entry must be at least 3 sentences.
In your entries, you MUST make mention of current events (i.e. war breaking out, America entering the war, the Treaty of Versailles, Prohibition, the Great Depression, etc.), and you are encouraged to talk about how those events have influenced your everyday life.
This assignment is worth 20 points. I will be giving 1 point for each completed entry, 5 points for significance and relevance of the entries, and 5 points for creativity and effort.

8. World Wars Journal Assignment – Part II (due 2/3)
For this assignment, you are to pretend that you are an American living during the period spanning the World Wars ( ). You have decided to start keeping a journal, and in that journal, you record your life experiences, including what is going on in the world around you.
Your first entry occurs in On that entry, you need to introduce yourself, and state your name, age, and any other personal information you may want to share (family, marital status, birthplace, etc.).
You must then make at least 10 entries for the years spanning 1930 to 1945, and each entry must be at least 3 sentences.
In your entries, you MUST make mention of current events (i.e. the Great Depression, the rise of Nazism and Fascism in Europe, the start of WWII, America’s entry into WWII, the dropping of the atomic bomb, etc.), and you are encouraged to talk about how those events have influenced your everyday life.
This assignment is worth 20 points. I will be giving 1 point for each completed entry, 5 points for significance and relevance of the entries, and 5 points for creativity and effort.

9. Prohibition Era Dinner Party
For this assignment, you are to assume the identity of a prominent person who lived during the Prohibition Era. You are to read through the background information that relates to your person, and answer the following questions:
1. What is your person’s name and historical significance?
2. What was this person’s role either leading up to, during, or after Prohibition?
3. What do you think is the most interesting feature about your person?
Upon learning about your historical figure, you will participate in a “rotating dinner party” where all of the guests take on the identity of their historical figure.
At the “dinner party,” each person should introduce him or herself and explain their historical significance. Throughout this process, each “dinner party” guest must share their answers to the questions listed above.

10. Prohibition Era Dinner Party Cont.
Upon conversing with your fellow “dinner party” guests, you must answer the following questions:
1. Are there any connections between the historical figures at your table? If so, what are they and how do they relate to Prohibition?
2. Would your historical figure agree or disagree with the others at the table? Why or why not?
After meeting all of your fellow dinner guests, fill their names in the spaces you have been provided on your worksheet, and write at least one question that your “character” would have for him/her.

11. Prohibition Writing Assignment
Following this activity, you must write a 2-paragraph reflection that examines your own thoughts on Prohibition. In the first paragraph, you must state whether or not you feel that Prohibition was a just law, and why or why not. In the second paragraph, you must contemplate what you feel is an appropriate course of action when you feel that a law is unjust or immoral.
This assignment is worth 20 points, and grading will be based on the following criteria: strength of argument (10 points), and focus/clarity (10 points).

12. Second Quarter Research Project – due Mon. 12/14
For this assignment, you are to conduct research on a topic associated with the historical period we are currently studying in class.
Upon conducting your research, you must create a multi-paragraph paper that explores the topic in depth. Your first paragraph should serve as an introductory paragraph. Your middle, or body paragraph(s), should explain the key moments, ideas and/or contributions associated with your topic. Your final paragraph should act as a conclusion, and in it, you should sum up your findings and reflect on the topic’s lasting legacy.
Please note that each paragraph should consist of at least 5 sentences.
To conduct your research, you MUST consult a historical source and cite the source as well. Students who submit a paper without a source will automatically lose 2 points. PLAGIARISM WILL NOT BE TOLERATED!
In addition to your paper, you must also produce an illustration to present to the class. Your illustration can be a poster, a power point presentation, a 3-dimensional likeness, a play, poem, or rap.

13. Exemplary Proficient Emerging
Exemplary
Proficient
Emerging W R I T E N P O
Historical Accuracy
The narrative contains information that is historically accurate.
(10 Points)
The narrative contains information that is generally historically accurate.
(7 Points)
The narrative contains a considerable amount information that is historically inaccurate.
(3 Points)
Focus
The narrative maintains a steady focus from start to finish.
The narrative is generally focused.
The narrative contains little focus.
Structure
The narrative is well-structured and demonstrates a strong command of the language.
The narrative is generally well-structured, and demonstrates a basic command of the language
The narrative contains little structure and command of the language. S A
Significance
& Relevance
The presentation contains information that is historically significant and/or relevant.
Visual aid contains information that is of general historical significance and/or relevance.
Visual aid contains information that is of little historical significance and/or relevance.
Creativity and Effort
The presentation demonstrates a considerable amount of creativity and effort on the part of the student.
The presentation demonstrates a fair amount of creativity and effort on the part of the student.
The presentation demonstrates little creativity and effort on the part of the student.
(3 points)

14. A Booming Economy
In the decade after WWI, the American economy experienced tremendous growth.
Using revolutionary mass- production techniques, American workers produced more goods in less time than ever before.
The boom fundamentally changed the lives of millions of people and helped create the modern consumer economy.

15. The Automobile Industry
Much of this explosive growth was sparked by a single business: the automobile industry.
Early in the century, only wealthy city dwellers could afford cars.
In 1908, carmaker Henry Ford introduced the Model T, a reliable car that the average American could afford.
The first Model T sold for $850.

16. The Assembly Line
Although carmaker Henry Ford did not originate the idea of mass production, he brought it to new heights.
Ford hired scientific management experts to improve his mass- production techniques, and he put his cars on moving assembly lines.
At each step of Ford’s assembly line, workers added parts to construct a new automobile.

17. The Model T
The assembly line drastically reduced the time it took to manufacture a new automobile, which resulted in lower sale prices.
By 1927, a new Model T cost only $290.
The Model T was the first car that ordinary people could afford.
In 1919, only 10% of American families owned an automobile. By 1927, 56% did.

18. Ford’s Management Style
Ford was also a shrewd manager.
He doubled the wages of a large number of his workers, reduced their workday from 9 to 8 hours, and became the first major industrialist to give his workers both Saturday and Sunday off.
Ford realized that if workers made more money and had more leisure time, they would become potential customers for his automobiles.

19. Automobile-Related Industries
The boom in the automobile industry stimulated growth in other industries, such as steel, glass, rubber, asphalt, and gasoline.
Road construction boomed as well, especially when the government introduced the system of numbered highways in 1926.
New roads led to the rapid appearance of service stations, diners, and motels.

20. Suburban Expansion
The automobile prompted a new sense of freedom and prosperity.
Automobiles also changed residential patterns.
The ability to drive to work permitted people to live farther from their places of employment.
This led to the development of suburban communities linked to cities by arteries of highways.

21. A Consumer Revolution
The 1920s brought about a consumer revolution, in which a flood of new, affordable goods became available to the public.
The widespread availability of electrical power supported the consumer revolution.
Electric washing machines, vacuum cleaners, and irons made housekeeping easier and less time-consuming.
Accessible electricity also contributed to radio and refrigerator sales.

22. Installment Buying
Advertising and new ways of buying fueled the consumer revolution.
Installment buying allowed consumers to buy products by paying a small down payment and then paying off the rest in regular monthly payments.
Installment buying allowed Americans to own products they might otherwise have been unable to afford.

23. The Bull Market
During the 1920s, the stock market experienced a period of rising stock prices, known as a bull market.
As the market soared, people began buying on margin, where buyers paid as little as 10% of the stock price upfront, and then paid for the rest over a period of months.
Buyers gambled that they would be able to sell the stock at a profit long before the loan came due.

24. Cities and Suburbs Grow
In the 1920s, the movement of people was directed toward cities.
The adoption of skyscraper technology allowed cities to stretch upward.
The completion of the Empire State Building in 1931 reflected the power and majesty of the United States.
Improved transportation also led to the creation and expansion of suburbs.

25. Warren G. Harding
Warren G. Harding was the 29th President of the United States ( ).
Harding was elected on a pledge of a “return to normalcy,” and he favored more conservative policies.
Harding’s presidency is often associated with the Teapot Dome Scandal.
After just two years in office, Harding suffered from a heart attack and died.

26. Calvin Coolidge
Calvin Coolidge was the 30th President of the United States ( ).
Coolidge was quiet, honest, and frugal.
During Coolidge’s presidency, the economy soared and there was an overall feeling of general prosperity.
This period of sustained economic prosperity is often referred to as the “Roaring Twenties.”

27. Urban vs. Rural America
The 1920 census reported that, for the first time in American history, more people lived in urban areas than in rural areas.
Urban Americans enjoyed new consumer products, leisure activities, and they adopted more modernist, secular views.
Rural Americans missed out on many of the new consumer products and leisure activities, and they typically embraced traditional views.

28. Fundamentalism
In the 1920s, many devout Christians turned to fundamentalism, which was a strict adherence to religious doctrine.
Fundamentalism was especially strong in rural America.
Fundamentalism and modernism clashed head-on in the Scopes Trial of 1925.

29. The Scopes Monkey Trial
In 1925, Tennessee teacher John Scopes was arrested for teaching about evolution, which was illegal in that state.
Scopes was defended by attorney Clarence Darrow, and William Jennings Bryan was the prosecuting attorney.
The Scopes Trial drew nationwide attention, and showcased the divide between Christian fundamentalism and scientific modernism.

30. Palmer Raids and Sacco-Vanzetti Case
The Palmer Raids and Sacco-Vanzetti case both shed light on ethnic prejudices that existed in the 1920s.
The Palmer Raids, which resulted in the capture, arrest, and deportation of radical leftists, were a response to the Red Scare.
The Sacco-Vanzetti Case resulted in a murder conviction (perhaps unfairly) for immigrants and anarchists, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti,.

31. Restricting Immigration
The Emergency Quota Act of and the National Origins Act of restricted the number of immigrants admitted from any country to a certain % of residents from that same country living in the United States.
These laws were passed to limit immigration from southern and eastern Europe.

32. The New Ku Klux Klan In 1915, the Ku Klux Klan was revived.
The new Klan targeted not only African-Americans, but also Jews, Catholics, and immigrants.
Klan members boycotted businesses and terrorized citizens in the night.
At its peak in the mid-1920s, the Klan boasted approximately 5 million members.

33. Prohibition
In 1919, the states ratified the Eighteenth Amendment, which forbade the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol.
The Volstead Act officially enforced the amendment.
During Prohibition, people made alcohol in homemade stills or smuggled it in from other countries.
Bootleggers sold illegal alcohol to consumers.
In cities, secret drinking establishments were known as speakeasies.
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34. Organized Crime
Prohibition contributed to the growth of organized crime in America.
Al Capone was the most famous criminal of the Prohibition era, and his other “businesses” included prostitution, drugs, robbery, and murder.
Prohibition was finally repealed in via the Twenty-First Amendment.

35. Talking Pictures
By the 1920s, Americans were now listening to the radio, going to movies, and following their favorite sports heroes.
In 1927, The Jazz Singer became the first movie to incorporate sound, and within a few years, silent movies were replaced by “talkies.”

36. The Radio & Phonograph
In the 1920s, the radio emerged as a powerful instrument of mass popular culture.
Americans from every region listened to the same songs, learned the same dances, and shared the same popular culture as never before.
The phonograph allowed people to listen to the music they heard on the radio whenever they wanted.

37. The Charleston
The Charleston was a dance that became extremely popular in the United States in the 1920s.
The dance was popularized by a song of same name.
The peak years of the Charleston dance craze were
The Charleston
1920s Dancing

38. The Golden Age of Sports
The 1920s is often called the Golden Age of Sports.
Thanks to increased newspaper readership and the rise of radio coverage, every major sport boasted nationally famous performers.
Perhaps the leading sports hero was baseball home-run king Babe Ruth.
Others included Red Grange (football) and Jack Dempsey (boxing).

39. The Lost Generation
American writers of the 1920s are often referred to as the Lost Generation as they openly criticized American cultural values.
In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925), Fitzgerald showed the American dream ending in nightmare.
Other writers of the Lost Generation include Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Gertrude Stein, and Edith Wharton.

40. Lucky Lindy
In 1927, Charles Lindbergh became an instant celebrity when he became the first person to conduct a non- stop, one-man flight across the Atlantic.
Lindbergh’s plane was the Spirit of St. Louis.
Lindbergh’s record-setting flight from New York to Paris took 33 ½ hours.

41. The New Woman of the 1920s
During the 1920s, many women challenged political, economic, social, and educational boundaries.
The “New Woman” of the 1920s wore dresses with shorter hemlines, put on more makeup, danced to the latest crazes, and generally assumed she had the same political and social rights as any man.

42. Flappers The symbol of these changes was the flapper.
A flapper was a young woman with short skirts and rouged cheeks who had her hair cropped close in a style known as a bob.
Although flappers influenced styles and attitudes, relatively few women were full-fledged flappers.

43. Great Migration
As a result of the Great Migration, millions of African Americans relocated from the rural South to the urban North.
This mass migration continued through the 1920s and contributed to a flowering of music and literature.

44. Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was the most prominent African American leader of the 1920s.
Garvey promoted the idea of universal black nationalism, and his idea of black pride and black support of black-run businesses won considerable support.
When Garvey was sent to prison for mail fraud and then deported to Jamaica, his movement lost appeal.

45. Jazz The 1920s has often been called the “Jazz Age.”
Jazz is a music form that blended African American blues, ragtime, and European-based popular music.
Jazz emerged in the South and Mid- west, particularly in New Orleans, where different cultures and traditions came together and influenced each other.

46. The “Jazz Age” Jazz became a symbol of the “Roaring Twenties.”
It was a part of the Prohibition era, played in speakeasies and nightspots.
It was also a demonstration of the depth and richness of African American culture.
Perhaps most importantly, jazz bridged the races.

47. The Harlem Renaissance
During the 1920s, Harlem became the focal point for black culture in America.
During the Harlem Renaissance, African American novelists (such as Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston), poets, and artists celebrated their culture.
The Harlem Renaissance fostered racial pride, and changed how many viewed African American culture.

48. Pop Culture – 1920s