1. Writing Effective Thesis Statements
Literary Research Assignment
English III - Dr. Lowe

2. What is Literary Analysis? It’s literary. It’s an analysis.
It’s…an argument.
This assignment also involves research on and analysis of secondary sources.
Usually, a literary analysis will involve a discussion of a text as writing, thus the term literary, which means, “having to do with letters.”

3. Important Literary Concepts
Plot
Setting
Narration/Point of View
Characterization
Symbol
Metaphor
Genre
Irony/Ambiguity

4. What is an analysis?
An analysis of a literary work may discuss:
How the various components of an individual work relate to each other.
How concepts and forms in literary works relate to larger issues (politics, economics, social issues, etc.).

5. How is a literary analysis an argument?
You will focus on a specific attribute of the text.
When discussing this/these attributes, you will want to make sure that you are making a specific arguable point (thesis).
You will defend this point with reasons and evidence drawn from the text.
You will substantiate your claims with evidence from your sources.

6. Thesis Statements in Literary Analysis Papers
One of the most important parts of your paper.
The announcement of the analytical argument you intend to make and prove in your paper.
The thesis statement belongs in the introduction.
The thesis statement should provoke thought AND read beautifully.
Your thesis statement should be one sentence long.

7. Thesis Statements in Literary Analysis Papers
It should be specific and cover only what you will discuss in your paper.
It should be supported with specific evidence (including what you find in the text and what your sources say).
It is an assertion, not a statement of fact or an observation.
It should not include the first person or make an announcement of what “this paper” or “this writer” intends to do.

8. SAMPLE PATTERNS FOR THESES ON LITERARY WORKS
1. In (title of work), (author) (illustrates, shows) (aspect) (adjective).
Example: In “Barn Burning,” William Faulkner shows the characters Sardie and Abner Snopes struggling for their identity.
2. In (title of work), (author) uses (one aspect) to (define, strengthen, illustrate) the (element of work).
Example: In “Youth,” Joseph Conrad uses foreshadowing to strengthen the plot.
3. In (title of work), (author) uses (an important part of work) as a unifying device for (one element), (another element), and (another element). NOTE: The number of elements can vary from one to four.
Example: In “Youth,” Joseph Conrad uses the sea as a unifying device for setting, structure and theme.

9. 4. (Author) develops the character of (character’s name) in (literary work) through what he/she does, what he/she says, what other people say to or about him/her.
Example: Langston Hughes develops the character of Semple in “Ways and Means”…
5. In (title of work), (author) uses (literary device) to (accomplish, develop, illustrate, strengthen) (element of work).
Example: In “The Masque of the Red Death,” Poe uses the symbolism of the stranger, the clock, and the seventh room to develop the theme of death.
6. (Author) (shows, develops, illustrates) the theme of __________ in the (play, poem, story).
Example: Flannery O’Connor illustrates the theme of the effect of the selfishness of the grandmother upon the family in “A Good Man is Hard to Find.”
7. (Author) develops his character(s) in (title of work) through his/her use of language.
Example: John Updike develops his characters in “A & P” through his use of figurative language.

10. FINAL NOTE: Conventions for Writing a Literary Analysis Essay or Research Paper
Ensure that your essay…
 makes an argument or claim or illustrates an engaging perspective on the work
 includes a thesis which lists the key points the essay will discuss
 provides evidence to support your claim
 refers to the author(s) and the work(s) in the opening sentences. Use the author’s full name the first time and the author’s last name in all further references in the essay.
 uses literary present tense to discuss events in the fiction, poetry, or drama.

11.  uses strong verbs in the thesis statement and throughout the essay: demonstrates, uses, develops, underscores, accomplishes, strengthens, illustrates, shows, reveals, serves, emphasizes, identifies, suggests, implies, etc.
 uses formal rather than informal language
 does more than simply summarize the work

12. Thesis Statement Review
Let’s practice by analyzing some sample thesis statements.