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Institutional Positions of Power
Robert Johnson PedNet
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Positions of Power, Why? So that you:
Know what areas you can influence Know what you’re “up against.”
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Examples We’re going to be using food and transportation Why?
How are those connected to childhood obesity?
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Federal to Local and Back
From the federal government, food and transportation look similar. I’ll mostly be using food as an example.
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Starting Point
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Staring Point Example – replacement of AFA
Starting at President signing a bill
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After the Bill Example: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act?
What is that?
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After the Bill
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After the Bill
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Timeout!
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Secretary? The Secretary of Agriculture He heads what organization?
The United States Department of Agriculture What does that stand for? USDA How is the Secretary of Agriculture, the head of the USDA chosen?
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Timeout Over!
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Rules Remember, the Legislation gives the basics.
The USDA (in this example) create draft rules, which are “promulgated” and an extensive feedback process begins This can take a very long time, and is very subject to political winds
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Example of a Long Time
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Example of a Long Time
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Example of a Long Time
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Example of a Long Time
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Example of a Long Time
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Example of a Long Time
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Catch Our Breath Legislation passed by Congress and the President, but then the details are ironed out by the major departments (HHS, FDA, USDA, etc.)
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How Can You Influence This?
Join major advocacy organizations You, as a private citizen, are probably never even going to know about these public input process. Advocacy organizations will alert you They also have much more “say” than you do (example AVMA) Work through your local congressional office The departments are political, and under constant pressure from members of congress
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We Discussed Food, what about Transportation?
Similar…. Transportation bill – FHWA for rule making – State DOTs and downward Example: Transportation bill required a 20% match for sidewalk projects (TA/SRTS), which made it extremely difficult for small/rural communities to compete for those dollars. MODOT has to follow those rules.
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One Final Note about Federal Control
There are a million pieces of influence
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Example of Multiple Influence
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SNAP & EBT Program
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SNAP & EBT Program “Farm Bill” What is the “Farm Bill?”
Crop Insurance, Subsidies, etc., but also the SNAP Program budget 80 billion crop subsidies/insurance, 756 billion in food for struggling families But also Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 Not supposed to be able to sell “hot food” to be consumed at point of sale
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SNAP & EBT Program
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SNAP & EBT Program
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Any Given Day Food Pantry USDA FDA IRS Many more, I’m sure…
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Transportation Lots of fun Acronyms!
RPC – Regional Planning Commission MPA – Metropolitan Planning Area TIP – Transportation Improvement Plan (covers a MPA) STIP – Statewide Transportation Improvement Plan (covers the state)
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MPO – Metropolitan Planning Organization
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MPO – Metropolitan Planning Organization
50,000 population Five Core Functions: Establish a setting Evaluate alternatives Maintain a Long Range Transportation Plan Develop a TIP Involve the public
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RPC – Regional Planning Commission
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RPC – Regional Planning Commission
Similar role to MPOs, but obviously are not staffed the same and their resources often aren’t as high
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MPA – Metropolitan Planning Area
Area directly served by a MPO
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TIP – Transportation Improvement Plan
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STIP – Statewide Transportation Improvement Plan
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STIP – Statewide Transportation Improvement Plan
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Public Involvement STIP & TIP
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Road Jurisdiction
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Road Jurisdiction
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Local Streets Complete Streets Policy Street Design Standards
Funding formulas/city budgets
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