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Gastrointestinal System

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Presentation on theme: "Gastrointestinal System"— Presentation transcript:

1 Gastrointestinal System
2013

2 Overview Structural Motility Parasitic Mal-absorption

3 Objectives Discuss selected Gastrointestinal Disorders related to pediatrics Distinguish between structural defects, motility defects, mal absorption, and parasitic Discuss Pathophysiologic processes of Gastrointestinal disorders Identify Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal disorders Recognize dehydration and appropriate interventions

4 Signs & Symptoms Feeding Difficulties Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation
Abdominal Pain Blood in Vomit or Stool

5 Structural Defects Head Esophagus and Stomach Intestines
cleft lip and cleft palate Esophagus and Stomach esophageal atresia Tracheoesophageal fistula Pyloric stenosis Intestines Intussusception Hirschsprungs

6 Cleft Lip & Palate Pathophysiology Symptoms Treatment Nursing Care
Failure to fuse Environment & Genetic Symptoms Apparent at birth Treatment Surgical repair Nursing Care Emotional support Postoperative care Growth & Development

7 Esophageal Atresia Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care

8 Pyloric Stenosis Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment
obstruction Symptoms vomiting Diagnosis Olive size mass Upper GI Treatment Surgery Nursing Care

9 Intussception Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment
Telescoping of intestine Symptoms Episodes of pain Current jelly stool Diagnosis History X ray Treatment Barium enema Surgery Nursing Care Fluid & electrolyte balance

10 Hirschsprung Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care
Congenital Symptoms No meconium Ribbon like stool Diagnosis History Radiographic studies Treatment Surgery Nursing Care Observation for meconium Fluid & electrolytes

11 Motility Gastroenteritis Gastroesophageal Reflux Encopresis

12 Gastroenteritis Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment
Nursing Care

13 Dehydration Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care
Fluid loss Symptoms Vomiting/diarrhea Diagnosis Physical assessment Treatment Rehydration Oral IV/sub q Nursing Care Monitor intake /output Vital signs

14 Gastroesophageal Reflux
Pathophysiology Relaxation of esophageal sphincter Symptoms Regurgitation Diagnosis Upper GI Treatment Rice cereal Proton Pump inhibitors Histamine H2 receptor antagonist Nursing Care Intake/output Parent educatni

15 Encopresis (constipation)
Pathophysiology Impacted stool Symptoms Abdominal pain Liquid stool Diagnosis X ray Treatment Go-lytly Diet modification Nursing Care Parent education

16 Parasitic Pinworm Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment
Ingestion of eggs Symptoms Itching around anus Diagnosis tape Treatment Mebendazole Pyrantel Nursing Care Education Handwashing

17 Mal-absorption Celiac
Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Nursing Care

18


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