1. Explain how Lorenzo inherited the defective ALD gene.
DO NOW 2/13
Explain how Lorenzo inherited the defective ALD gene.

2. Genetic Terminology and the Big Picture
From Dad
From mom

3. Before these two cells form a zygote
Another gamete
One gamete
(sex cell)
Before these two cells form a zygote
(YOU!), how much genetic information
do each of them have?
Hint: A zygote has 46 chromosomes.

4. Chromosome – A structure found in the nucleus of all cells made entirely up of DNA and protein. We have 46 per cell.
DNA – Hereditary material in all living organisms “given” to us by our parents.

5. Gene – A segment of DNA, and therefore a segment of a chromosome, that serves as a code for a specific product.
Examples: dimples, curly hair, blood type A, etc.
Gene for hitch-
hikers thumb

6. Allele – One of two or more possible types of a gene.
gene: dimples alleles: present, absent
gene: fur color alleles: brown, black
gene: blood type alleles: A antigens, B antigens, none
One allele comes from mom, one comes from dad.
G g
h h

7. Dominant – A trait that is visible in a heterozygous combination Hh
Recessive – A trait that is masked in a heterozygous combination, but can be shown in a homozygous combination.
Hh hh
Think of dominant as the capital letter and recessive as the lowercase letter
… So what about HH?

8. Your Turn! Give examples of:
Homozygous dominant genotype
Heterozygous genotype
Homozygous recessive genotype
Heterozygous dominant genotype

9. A little sidenote about chromosomes…
Humans have 46 chromosomes in each body cell
In genetics, we use letters (H, g, h, T, etc.) to represent alleles on chromosomes
Some genes, located on the sex chromosomes (X and y) are written like this:

10. If you had the following allele combinations, you could either show hitchhikers thumb or no hitchhikers thumb:
h h 
H h 

11. “Blueprints” for a child can therefore be hh or Hh or HH depending on what alleles they received from their parents.
This blueprint for the trait = genotype
The expressed trait resulting from the genotype = phenotype

12. So what?
You can apply what you understand about genotypes and phenotypes to:
Punnett Squares… to determine probabilities of passing on simple Mendelian traits to offspring
Genetic Pedigrees… to track traits, determine how/when/to whom traits were passed

13. The Big Picture
Gene for
hitch-
hikers
thumb

14. The Big Picture All 46 chromosomes! (Well, once sperm and egg fuse)
All those genes!
All those traits that result from genes!

15. Genotype Phenotype inherit
Consider how tall you are. How tall will you likely be when you are fully grown? How tall might you have been if you were raised in a very different situation? How do your genes and the environment interact to determine how tall you will be?

16. DO NOW 2/14
Use the following information to answer the questions below. In trolls, neon green (G) hair is dominant to pink hair (g). What is the phenotype for the genotype gg? List all the possible genotypes for the hair color of this troll.

17. HAPPY TUESDAY 2/14 Today’s task: Create a Face Lab
Prizes for: Ugliest, Most Beautiful, Most Realistic and Class Favorite
Due FRIDAY (2/17) if not completed in class, we will grade and vote Friday

18. Orange feathers present
DO NOW 2/15
Use the following information to complete the table. In a certain bird, blue feathers are dominant to orange feathers.
Genotype
Phenotype Bb
Orange feathers present
Blue feathers present

19. Gregor Mendel
Augustinian monk who cross-bred pea plants with different characteristics
His observations led to laws regarding the transmission hereditary characteristics from generation to generation
Many of the concepts from his observations still hold true today!

20. Mendelian Concepts
Dominant: only one allele of a gene necessary to express the trait
Recessive: both alleles of a gene must be identical (same) to express the trait
Heterozygous: alleles of a particular gene are non-identical (different)
Homozygous: alleles of a particular gene are identical (same)

21. Punnett Squares
A chart which shows/predicts all possible gene combinations in a cross of parents (whose genes are known).
Using Punnett squares we can predict the probability of having offspring with a particular combination of alleles and therefore determine the phenotype

32. Your Task Complete the exit ticket and submit to the green box before you leave 

33. HAPPY FRIDAY 2/17 Take out Create a Face Lab Submit notebook to LAB 2
Turn Senior Portrait into the green box
Complete notebook check (20 minutes)
Judge Senior Portraits and Vote (10 minutes)
Grade Create a Face Lab (10 minutes)

34. Grading Create a Face Lab
See how many traits you can identify in the senior portrait you received and mark them on the grading sheet
When you get your own portrait back count up how many traits were identified correctly and write it in the space provided
20-24 A
17-19 B
13-16 C
10-12 D
9 and below F
Turn Create a Face Lab packet into the green box before you leave